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Vnímání zpráv ekonomickými subjekty na kapitálovém trhu v období po finanční krizi
Gargulák, Tomáš
This thesis deals with the issue of reports and Likes published on the social network Facebook and its influence on the volatility of the equity indices. The aim of this thesis is to identify the existence of the role of the social network site Facebook on the perception of market participants and the stock market. Specifically, the work follows a link between the information contained in the reports and through Likes on the social network site Facebook and the volatility of selected stock exchange indices. To assess the effect were used volatility time series models, specifically the model GARCH (1, 1). Based on the results of the models no evidence of a significant impact of these reports on the volatility of the equity indices was identified.
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Behavioural Economics - How Expensive is Ownership
BODEŠÍNSKÁ, Tereza
Behavioural economics is a connection between economics and psychology. Especially, it examines human irrationality. One of the topics of behavioural economics is an ownership. It deals with a relationship between the ownership and the price. The first part of the thesis describes the theory of behavioural economics. It introduces history, present and the important personalities of this field to the reader. Further it deals with the persons that contributed with their knowledge about the connection of psychology and economics. The second part describes an experiment which is done to verify the theoretical knowledge. The experiment examines how influential the ownership is towards the price (for a consumer). The students of the Faculty of Economics in our University answer the questionnaire and the results of the experiment are explained at the end of the thesis.
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Grossmanův model poptávky po zdravotní péči (po zdraví)
Kosička, Tomáš
Zdravý životní styl je téma, které je v poslední době velmi často zmiňované, a to s mnoha tématy. Jsou to například rizika spojená s kouřením, s obezitou, s nádorovými chorobami a s dalšími závažnými nemocemi. V poslední době začaly stoupat čísla mortality a incidence různých civilizačních nemocí.Ve své práci budu rozebírat Grossmanův model, který se možná jako jediný touto tématikou zabývá. Tento model byl často doplňován a vylepšován, nicméně jeho podstata zůstala stejná. Chtěl bych se pokusit o nový pohled na tento model a jeho interpretaci.
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Phenomenology and Economics
Špecián, Petr ; Pavlík, Ján (advisor) ; Loužek, Marek (referee) ; Muller, Karel (referee)
The thesis Phenomenology and Economics is an account of methodological possibilities brought by the phenomenological method into the realm of economic thought. From the starting point of Misesian praxeology the thesis advances to the key contributions of Alfred Schütz whose concept of telescopic ideal type enables us to cross the gap between theory and history. Telescopic ideal type allows us to grasp the specific nature of economics that is, on the one hand, proud of its rigor and precision connected with the formal modelling and on the other hand deals with an interpretation of individual agents in their life-world. Methodological insights developed through this analysis are then applied to the problem of coordination and spontaneous order and to the question of the relationship between behavioral economics and rational choice theory.
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Alternative approaches to health promotion
Klesla, Arnošt ; Chytil, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Kadeřábková, Božena (referee) ; Kebza, Vladimír (referee)
The economic concept of health is defined as an ability to fully utilize human capital. The health promotion shall procure healthy lifestyle among the population. It also appears as the most efficient way to prevent diseases, in particular the non-communicable diseases (NCD). Economic analysis of human behavior offers the explanation of the rational choices as well as the decisions with bounded rationality affecting people's' health conditions. The Czech population health development analysis shows tendencies to careless approach in this area, that is illustrated by the increase incidence of sick leaves caused by NCD in higher age categories. Application of the health promotion in Czech Republic may be significantly improved by the outcomes of economic analysis of human behavior in these regards. Incidental issues are to be analyzed by the methods of logical deduction logical deduction, comparative analysis and empirical results of the statistical survey. Synthesis of the findings and conclusions of the analysis is the starting point for the modeling of health strategies, policies and programs promoting health in the Czech Republic. The main hypothesis is supported by the outcomes of this analysis with regards to the applicability of the economic analysis of human behavior on the health promotion and its positive macroeconomical impact on the current medical system sustainability. The primary contribution of the thesis consist in formulation of specific outcomes of the economic analysis of human behavior for the health promotion concept development. A secondary benefit is the proposal to measure personal productive incapacity in time by the indicator of work incapacity. In this context, the risk of non-infectious diseases impact deepening in older age categories of workers in Czech Republic is emphasized
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application of prospect theory on poker players
Ludvík, Tomáš ; Šťastný, Daniel (advisor) ; Chytilová, Helena (referee)
Based on previous works on application of prospect theory this paper try a similar procedure to prove the truth of prospect theory for poker players. Data are collected from online poker casino Pokerstars within a few days. These data, however, are not entirely opportune to test prospect theory, since it can not accurately determine the reference point for prospect theory. Looseness measurements confirmed findings of prospect theory. Players are risk seeking for loss and risk aversion for profit. This effect is more noticeable in losses than in equally high profits. And also players are feeling more actual losses and gains than earlier losses and gains. Measurement of aggression also confirmed prospect theory but are not significant. This may be due to the way aggression is measured, because players can simply substitute the aggressive actions by calling, which can also increase the risk. Also this paper fail to demonstrate that the most risk averse players can turn pritable after loss, which results in increased risk.
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A Concept of Man in Economics
Műller, Jan ; Chalupníček, Pavel (advisor) ; Doležalová, Antonie (referee)
This diploma thesis researches model of economic man, its historical background, and also modern critics of this concept and alternative approach to economic man, especially in behavioral economics. Human (im)perfection leads to the discussion about a range of liberty man should get eventually to which extent should a man be led by paternalism. Therefore this thesis introduces and tests concept of libertarian paternalism which is applied to drug issues. The thesis demonstrates that model of economic man is in many ways too simplified and insufficient. Thus, extention of this model with findings of psychology, biology and other sciences seems beneficial. Libertarian paternalism, despite few shortcomings, shows potential to be realisable and viable in certain situations.
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Psychology of pricing
Bimaj, Arjola ; Král, Petr (advisor) ; Olšanová, Květa (referee)
Price is the element of the marketing mix that has direct effect in the profits of a company. The right price can boost the profit and the wrong price can significantly shrink it. Thus, the businesses need to set the right price in order to maximize their revenues. However, the newest factors in the economic field, the continuous changes in the environment and the current financial situation in the world has eroded the pricing power and forces the managers to look in every direction in order to be able and keep up with the changes. Therefore, the aim of the thesis is to study the psychology of pricing related to the factors that affect the consumers' psychology and behavior when it comes to purchasing decision. The information will be then useful inputs for the companies in order to understand these factors and use them to set the most suitable pricing method for their product.
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Behavioral economics - how expensive is a bonus.
ZLÁMALOVÁ, Klára
In my bachelor thesis I focused on a relatively new field - behavioral economics. I tried to explain the main ideas concisely, I briefly described a history. Then I focused on the concrete topic and phenomenom - a bonus. I descibed the concept of the word ?gratis?, I wrote down the way how one of the behavioral economists - Dan Ariely see the whole problem, he claims that people are literally dazed by the word ?gratis?. I have been tested this idea through the using of questionnaires. 35 With using of two types of questionnaire I have researched if people are affected by bonus. If there are some changes in decisions of people when there is or it is not a free small product as a bonus. In my questionnaires people have chosen one object from two offered. In first type of questionnaire there was no bonus, in the second type there was added a pen for free as a bonus to one from the offered objects and I observed the changes in preferences of consumers. In total I collected 205 answered questionnaires and then I have evaluated the hypothesis using a software STATISTICA. I tried to answer if consumers´sex, level of education, job situation or a bonus have some influence on consumers´making decisions on the market. In my experiment I only found that sex has some influence on consumers. Men and women often have chosen different offer. I can´t verify positive influence of added bonus on consumers´ decisions. On the other hand, people have chosen the object without the added bonus more often, when they got the type of questionnaire without bonus than when they got the second type - with added bonus.
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Behavioral economics - Relativity consumer choice
KRATOCHVÍLOVÁ, Pavla
In my bachelor thesis I have focused on behavioral economics. It is a combination of economics, psychology and sociology. It examines the human as a being who makes mistakes. People's choice is influenced by several factors. I focused specifically on the decoy. This is an added non-dominant variant that affects the choice. With this decoy increases preferences for alternatives, which is dominant to artificially added options. In my thesis I verify this theory by experiment. I've reached 120 subjects that were split into two groups. The first group received a questionnaire with the decoy. The second part of the people received questionnaire without decoy. Each questionnaire included additional questions: whether the subject is male or female, whether studying or working, and what is the highest level of education. With these questions, I examined whether any of these factors influence the effect of decoy. The obtained data were processed in the Statistica using logit model. Processing was divided into two parts because of that some subjects chose our decoy, even though it was assumed that no one would prefer not. In the first part we deleted the preference for decoy, in the second part we combined number of result for the decoy with result to the dominant alternative. The results in both parts were very similar and showed the same information. It was a big influence what the questionnaire (with or without decoy) subject received. From additional questions have been shown the influence of the factor, which refers to whether the subject is studying or working, ie whether he has income or is dependent on a third person. The gender and educational attainment, we failed to demonstrate impact.
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