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Are people more altruistic towards persons of the same sex?
Bartůněk, Martin ; Chytilová, Helena (advisor) ; Kadeřábková, Božena (referee)
This thesis deals with the differences in the degree of altruism between men and women, with varying degrees of information. In three rounds of the dictator game experiment, the dictators decided how to redistribute the money between themselves and the recipient. The differences in altruism among the sexes were already dealt with, for example in the works by Andreoni, Vesterlund (2001), Dufwenberg, Muren (2004) or Eckel, Grossman (1998), whose experiments served to inspire the creation of the experimentation in this work. However, the differences in behaviour of men and women in all the observed rounds proved to be statictically insignificant, in this work. The results of this work do not support the hypothesis of a higher degree of altruism in the situation when the dictator has the information about the sex of the recipient, compared to the situation where he does not have it. Male dictators, as well as female ones, behaved equally altruistically to female and male and anonymous recipients.
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Rozdíly mezi pohlavími jako reakce na prodejní pobídky
Solilyak, Maryna ; Král, Petr (advisor) ; Zlatić, Marija (referee)
Today, more and more similar products in one product line appear on store shelves, and buying decisions have become more complicated for the consumer. Despite this, producers have a clear vision that one of the most effective tools that can be used to distinguish their products is sales promotion. Nevertheless, every customer is unique, and the responses to sales promotion tools differ as well. The reason for sales promotion campaigns success depends on the depth of understanding of consumer behaviour. In order to create a successful communication campaign, marketers should be aware in the best ways of reaching the desired consumers. In this work we will take a look at the gender differences in consumer behaviour. In particular, we would like to see different responses toward men and women toward sales promotion campaigns.
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The structure of the population by sex - Czech Republic
KALBÁČOVÁ, Jana
This bachelor thesis discuss demography, respectively demography changes in the Czech Republic, in the field of population structure in accordance with the biological characters. There is captured an attempt of understanding the influence of the mutual gendre structure, some demographic processes and phenomenon. Secondly there is an attempt to identify factors influencing the structure. Particularly focusing on historical development number of men and women in the Czech Republic by gendre level, as well as the age level and spatial diferential of the population by gender. It presents different types of the counties, districts and Administration office with Municipal extended powers by studied structures. The thesis contains the cartographic outputs, tables, graphs.
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Comparing of intergenerational point of view on sexual behaviour and romantic relationships
NEJEDLOVÁ, Veronika
This bachelor thesis discusses attitude and behaviour of two generations and also gender differences. We compare points of view of two generations on sexual behaviour and romantic relationships. The theoretical part is divided into three main chapters and first chapter discusses sexual behaviour. In this part there are basic theoretical premises of sexual behaviour, choice of a sexual partner and metamorphosis of sexual behaviour through human era. The second part of theoretical part resumes the basic knowledge about choice of life partner, metamorphosis about choice of life partner through human era, forms of relationships, premises for relationships, the importance of relationships and also the question of infidelity. The third chapter describes basic knowledge about what generation is and how these two generations used for our research are different. The empiric part of this bachelor these sis aimed at exploring of different attitudes of two generations: the generation of "grandparents" (n = 30), in this group there are people born between years 1935 1950, and the generation of "grandchilds", in this group there are people born between years 1990 1997. The gender differences were examined too. The questionnaire used for this research was made specially for this bachelor theses and was built on basic knowledge from theoretical part. Statistic data processing was made in the Statistica 12 program and we used Mann-Whitney test and Contingency table. At the beginning 13 hypotheses were set up and in the end five of them was confirmed. In discussion there are reasons and limits of research analyzed.
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Analysis of the Gender Pay Gap on the Example of the US Labor Market
Suchý, Dobromil ; Dvořáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Cetkovský, Pavel (referee)
This thesis deals with the analysis of gender wage inequality on the example of the US labor market. The theoretical part presents theories explaining gender differences. The methodological part describes the data source and method of selection of respondents for further analysis. There are also constructed econometric models used in other parts of the work. In the practical part are analyzed gender differences in selected fields and evaluated differences between socio-economic groups. The results of the analysis show that in all monitored sectors, married women reach higher incomes than single women, but it is not possible to confirm the hypothesis that the difference was greater in employments enabling home working or flexible working hours. On the contrary, the hypothesis, that it is more convenient for women to have small children in these more time-flexible jobs, is confirmed. However, it is not clear whether it is because of the nature of these fields or because of their profitability.
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Gender differences in competitiveness in the case of distance runners in the Czech Republic
Kouklík, Jakub ; Stroukal, Dominik (advisor) ; Tříska, Dušan (referee)
Contemporary literature says that women are less competitive than men. In this thesis I find out if this is the case even in an environment of elite Czech distant runners. Statistical and econometric methods applied to the data from the years 2006-2013 reveal significant differences between the sexes across all distances from 1 500 meters to marathon. These are the highest in the longest distances when Czech men run marathons five times faster than Czech women. Furthermore, I show that the gender gap in competitiveness remains constant on the track races, but in the road racing is declining. And because the acceleration among women occurs primarily in the lower ranks of the elite, it is concurrently valid "biological-predisposition" hypothesis, which is based on a constant differences between men and women due to biological differences, and "economic-incentive" hypothesis, according to which the differences is decreasing due to increasing returns of success in the form of the same financial rewards for winning. Completely fastest women act according to the first-mentioned, next best female runners according to the second. Finally, I suggest that growing quantity of women in road races plays substantial role in the women's approaching to men.
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The profitability of pension system and impact of its reforms on men and women
Šatava, Jiří
Based on a representative database of 7,000 men and women, we calculate the profitability of the pension system for men and women and its changes due to "small" and "large" reform. Profitability is measured using an indicator of pension wealth as the difference between the present value of future pensions and future contributions to the pension system. Profitability for individuals varies according to gender, age, income level and other factors.
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Leisure Time of Parents with Disabled Children
KROPÁČKOVÁ, Kristýna
The main thesis deals with leisure time of parents with disabled children. The chapter called Present Situation talks generally about this topic. In the six parts of this chapter are explained terms like leisure time, how specifics can influence ways of spending leisure time and the roles of another factors. All is elaborated with professional literature. The next chapter specifies the goals and research questions. The main goal of my thesis is chart of subjectively perceived satisfaction with own spending leisure time of parents with disabled children and its real quantity and quality. For fulfilment goals and answer the questions was selected qualitative research, method of halfstructured interview. The complex of asked people is comprised of 8 parents, more precisely of mothers with disabled children. The stated goals were met based on implemented interviews. It shows although the term leisure time is understood in similar way, the real ways how to spend it are greatly different, especially by the quality of family environment. Discovered results are possible to use as summary of present situation in leisure time sphere of parents with disabled children not only for the facilities which cooperate with these parents, but they're also applicable for the general public and for parents.
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Coping with anger in adolescents in the gender context
Janošová, Pavlína ; Philippová, L.
A semi-projective test focused on the investigation of the intra-psychic strategies of the coping with anger in the intimate interpersonal relationships was administered to students of the 3rd year of the grammar school. The aim of the study was to compare these strategies under conditions when the person who provoked the respondent’s anger was the same sex, with the strategies used in the situation when s/he was the opposite sex. On the basis of the analysis of variance, there were found no differences between girls and boys in the situations when the anger was evocated by an individual of the opposite sex. On the other hand, in the same-sex relationships, girls reacted more benevolent to the female individuals than boys toward the male ones.
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