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The role of the USA in the Syrian civil war
Raisová, Paulína ; Havlová, Radka (advisor) ; Volenec, Otakar (referee)
In Syria, a non-violent uprising against the autocratic ruler evolved into a brutal civil war, which has drew in both regional and world powers into its unceasing struggles. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the development of the attitude of the United States towards the Syrian conflict and to evaluate the impact of their intervention on the overall dynamics of the conflict. The analysis evaluates the diplomatic engagement of the US in the international community as well as its direct action at the point of conflict in Syria.
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Media's perception of the Arab Spring
Houšková, Lenka ; Havlová, Radka (advisor) ; Žáková, Gabriela (referee)
This master's thesis deals with events related to the Arab Spring, specifically during the years of 2011 and 2012 in Egypt, Libya and Syria. It is concerned with media and how selected media covered most important affairs. It presents findings from media theory, as well as the development of Arab Spring in the named three countries. The third part is devoted to the role of traditional media during the Arab Spring, that is of pan-Arabic television networks and national media, and that of the new media, especially of social networks. The fourth part of the thesis analyzes how articles from five news sites in the US, Great Britain, Russia, China and India covered selected events of the Arab Spring in Egypt, Libya and Syria.
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Turkish Foreign Policy towards Syria between 2002 and 2011
Jirásek, Vojtěch ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Horák, Slavomír (referee)
This thesis studies Turkish foreign policy in Syria between years 2002 and 2011. Justice and Development Party (AKP) ruled in this period. In comparison with its predecessors, AKP started to focus more on Middle East and its foreign policy was often called as "neo-Ottoman". AKP brought concepts of "zero problems with neighbors" and "strategic depth" into Turkish foreign policy. Turkey also started to use more "soft power" in this period. This work searches those four concepts in Turkish foreign policy with Syria. Although Turkish foreign policy with Syria in years 2002 to 2011 contains number of elements of neo-Ottomanism, "zero problems with neighbors", "strategic depth" and "soft power", it is impossible to say it was based only on these concepts.
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Psychological and social aspects of radicalization in case of Syria's jihadist foreign fighters
Adlof, Mikoláš ; Bureš, Oldřich (advisor) ; Oberpfalzerová, Hana (referee)
The aim of this thesis was to find out what role psychological and social factors play in the motivation of jihadist foreign fighters to leave for Syria. The sub-questions examine, on the one hand, how authors of the studies focused on motivation of foreign fighters work with the theoretical background and concepts related to the psychosocial sphere, their interpretation of the key concepts and motivation of foreign fighters and, on the other hand, what psychosocial motivation to leave for Syria prevails in existing studies. In order to answer these questions, I chose several theoretical models of radicalization that work mainly with the psychological and social dimension of the problem.Subsequently, I chose several main psychosocial categories and narratives to analyse the studies, with the possibility of new categories occurring. I was particularly interested in existential motivation such as search for meaning or the identity crisis, in the case of jihadists also connected with the ideology and the influence of social groups. Based on the analysis, I found out that the theoretical basis, the specific definitions of individual key concepts and the logic of the interpretation of the respondents' words in the majority of the studies are missing or not fully described. Without the proper definition...
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Why do states decide for or against the intervention in other states? Case Study: Libya and Syria
Vacková, Kateřina ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
The master thesis on the topic Why do states decide for or against the intervention in other states? Case Study: Libya and Syria is focused on analysing the motives of states, which are crucial for deciding to intervene or not to intervene in the territory of a foreign state. The whole issue is assessed from the perspective of two major theories of international relations - liberalism and realism. As the first research case was chosen the international community's intervention in Libya in 2011. The case was analysed from the perspective of Sweden, which took part in the operation by the deployment of eight fighters Jas 39 Gripen. As the second case was chosen the civil war in Syria, which has been underway since 2011 and whose situation would have required similar interference by the international community. However, this has not happen until that time, although the states are militarily involved in Syria. This case was analysed from the view of Russia, which did not take part in operation in Libya, but since September 2015 has been involved in fighting on the ground in Syria. As a last case was chosen Great Britain, which has militarily participated in both conflicts. For the analysis itself was used Ortega's typology of interventions, which was adapted for the purpose of this work. The different...
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The Caliphate on the Halt: Explaining the Stalling Campaign of the Islamic State in Libya
Lovecký, Tomáš ; Ludvík, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Hynek, Nikola (referee)
This diploma thesis examines the prospects of the Islamic State's expansion to Libya. Using the method of process tracing, the author assesses the campaign of the Islamic State in Syria and Iraq and establishes 6 factors he calls ‚enablers' that played key roles in facilitating its success - the ideology, exploitation of state breakdown and governance, funding, combat know-how, propaganda, and sectarianism. He dedicates special attention to the problematics of sectarianism and the way the Islamic State made instrumental use of it in both of these countries. The author then proceeds to assess the viability of the IS enterprise in Libya, examining whether the conditions and circumstances in the country are conducive for an IS unsurgency. He identifies 8 structural conditions that underpinned the relevant enablers in Syria and assesses their relevance in Libya. Comparison of the two cases shows that except for sectarianism all the structural conditions are relevantly present in Libya which, according to J. S. Mill's method of a difference of J. S. Mill's method of a difference, should explain the stalling campaign of IS in Libya. The author proceeds to confirm this hypothesis by assessing the actual campaign of the Islamic State in Libya. He contends the Islamic State tried to follow the successful...
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The Concept of Responsibility to Protect in the conflicts in Libya and Syria
Kotrčová, Barbora ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee)
The aim of this work is to determine whether the concept of Responsibility to Protect is able to explain why in case of the Syrian civil conflict the international community did not intervene in a similar manner as it did in Libya. Primarily, the theoretical framework is defined using the concept of Responsibility to Protect. In order to answer the research question, all criteria applied in the analysis were operationalized in accordance with the Report of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty and the Outcome Document from 2005. At the same time, concept of state sovereignty and humanitarian intervention is designed. Although the conflicts in Libya and Syria started simultaneously in 2011 during the rule of authoritarian regimes, the intrastate situations were not identical. Based on the analysis of two case studies, I came to the conclusion that the concept of Responsibility to Protect is able to sufficiently explain the different reaction of the international community, which confirmed my hypothesis. Specifically, it is the principle of right authority, which was not fulfilled in Syria, while it is necessary to note the criterion of reasonable prospect becomes with the gradual development of the conflict more and more problematic. In contrast, the intervention in...
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The Traditional Role and Perspective of the Bazaar
Hanzlíčková, Helena ; Pargač, Jan (advisor) ; Petrášek, Michal (referee) ; Halbich, Marek (referee)
ENGLISH ABSTRACT This thesis deals with the specification of bazaars and the bazaar economy. Bazaar [bāzār] is a Persian word for marketplace, also used in Turkish- çarşi [čarši]. Like the Arabic term souk وسق [súq], bazaar is both the concrete trading place, where many people meet and interact but like the English word market or the French le marché is also understood as a more abstract notion of buying and selling in the sense of demand and supply and it involves small shopping stalls, modern shopping and business avenues and shopping malls as well. Bazaar can refer to a single shopping unit or a street in the frame of the marketplace or outside its boundaries or to the whole business complex. The marketplace has symbolic and social importance indicative of its urban centrality. The souk is seen as one of the quintessential oriental spaces. Clifford Geertz and his own studies of Moroccan and Indonesian rural markets inspired many economic anthropologists to examine the structure of marketplaces in the developing world as products of informational scarcity. The bazaar economy was defined in Clifford Geertz' extremly influential anthropological study on the bazaar economy in Sefrou (1978), a quite small town in Morocco with about 600 shops. Geertz was the first to emphasise the important difference...
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Causes and Impact of the Increased Engagement of Russia in the Middle East
Volfová, Anna ; Bečka, Jan (advisor) ; Aslan, Emil (referee)
This bachelor thesis examines the problematics of Russian engagement in the Middle East with regard to the Syrian civil war. The aim of the thesis is to analyse what are the main causes of Russia's increased presence in the region. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russian Federation lost its superpower status, and therefore the ability to control a strategic region such as the Middle East. The current Russian foreign policy under President Vladimir Putin strives to reclaim this potential. The Middle East region has recently gone through violent events of the Arab Spring; thus it offers Russia ideal platform to implement its interests. In addition, the country is motivated by its own strategic and security concerns. Furthermore, the thesis examines what are the possible consequences of Russian involvement. Syrian civil war has spilled over into almost every bordering country and even the Russian military intervention did not achieve to end the conflict. Although the development of the war is shaped by numerous external circumstances, it is apparent that Russian Federation will have the major influence on the peace negotiations.
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