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Foreknowledge of patients with total hip replacement at orthopedic department of Jinřichův Hradec hospital a.s.
DOUDOVÁ, Klára
Basic theoretical background: Because this thesis mainly deals with the awareness of clients, it was necessary in the beginning to mention the importance of the communication in a medical environment. Communication takes place between two or more people. During communication, people communicate necessary information, feelings, attitudes, talking about relationships and moods. There are several communication rules that one should follow, however, it depends on the individual, whether follow it or not. Communication skills can be developed gradually for they are important to us and in our personal lives. If a person loses the ability to communicate, it can lead to danger to his relationships with others. For healthcare professionals, it is very important social skill ( Mikuláštík 2003). Main aim of the thesis: To verify the information rate of clients in preoperative phase of total hip arthroplasty and in postoperative care. Discover also whether patients after total endoprosthesis have possibility of aftercare (rehabilitation, spa treatment). From these targets were developed following questions : In what areas are the clients in preoperative stage informed? How are clients reporting in a post-operative care ? What options of aftercare patients after total endoprosthesis have? Methodology: For the research was used the qualitative survey data collection. A qualitative investigation was approved by head nurse of the hospital, where the research has been done. The interviews was realized at home of clients. Survey was conducted through semi-structured interviews, interviews were anonymous. The data were collected in March 2015 in the set of seven respondents. Despite the fact that interviews were realized in the clients' home, we needed approval for the research from the head nurse. Especially because the subsequent care for patients after total prosthesis was also investigated. It was therefore important to identify initially the applicable patients in the hospital and up to a certain time after the surgery to interview them.
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Injuries in equestrian sport in medical rescuer perspective
KŮTOVÁ, Nela
Bachelor's thesis deals with accidents in riding sport from the perspective of paramedics. Injuries in general, can be assigned to states, which are indicated by the departure of emergency medical services. It is therefore essential that the paramedic provides the injured patient appropriate pre-hospital emergency care. Riding sport has recently been easily accessible to the general public and many people do not realize the risks that this sport brings. The theoretical part is focused on riding. Significant part of the theoretical work is dedicated to the most famous riding sports. In every riding discipline was attempt to introduce the sport and its basic rules. The second chapter is formed by the safety equipment designed to protect the health of riders. There are introduced possible causes of accidents. It also focuses on prevention and to introduce basic rules of how to behave with horses. The last chapter deals with first aid at the accident in riding sport. In this part of the thesis is process of the injury from its origin, as well as non-professional help but mainly is incorporated professional pre-hospital emergency care. The research part of this thesis was formed through qualitative research. Data were obtained by semi-structured interview and by studying case studies of selected records about the departure of emergency medical services. Interviews were conducted with selected paramedics in the South Region. The survey which was made, sought only paramedics who has met in their profession the injuries resulting in riding sport in the last decade. Interview contained questions that were surveyed, with which particular type of injury, the respondents met and were interviewed for the implementation of pre-hospital care for patients with these injuries. Partial aim of this thesis has been prepared on the basis of case studies of selected records of departures, which were obtained in the regional center Prachatice. By analyzing of the case reports were received the types of injury caused in riding sport. The research results were compiled and illustrated by tables. The main objective of this work was to obtain information on the procedures of paramedic in prehospital emergency care for injuries incurred in riding sport and the partial objective was to map the types of injuries caused by riding sport. The theoretical part of the thesis can serve as study material for riders and paramedics. Based on the research results will be created an information leaflet with the types of injuries that occurred in the riding sport, together with the methodical process of their treatment in prehospital emergency care.
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název v anglickém jazyce není uveden
Kříž, Jan ; Saudek, František (advisor) ; Jendelová, Pavla (referee) ; Haluzík, Martin (referee)
Islet transplantation represents an alternative approach in the treatment of patients with type-1 diabetes mellitus. It makes possible to give insulin-producing tissue to patients, which could not underwent surgery operative due to ill health. The second benefit of tissue transplantation is utilization of pancreases unsuitable for organ transplantation in term of surgical criteria. The dissertation includes two studies focused on study of some problems of islet transplantation. In the first study was tested a new method for induction of microchimerism by bone marrow transplantation and its effect on islet allograft survival. We reported, that short-term tacrolimus therapy significantly prolonged insulin independence in fully allogeneic rat model even if the immunosupresants were discontinued. Conditioning of recipients with bone marrow cells transplantation had not additional effect. In the second study there is presented an approach for imaging of intrahepatally-sited islets. The technique is based on labeling of islets by non-toxic superparamagnetic agent during two day culture. After transplantation islets are imaged as hypointense spots on T2 weighing magnetic resonance sections in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Outstanding changes in MR images were demonstrated during acute rejection of...
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Quality of life after unilateral nephrectomy
BUREŠOVÁ, Lenka
At present, quality of life is a closely monitored and discussed topic not only in the medical field, psychlogy and other social sciences. The diploma thesis ``Quality of life after unilateral nefrectomy{\crq}q deals with this issue from the subjective point of view of those who were subjected to unilateral nefrectomy on their quality of life. The diploma thesis aims at reporting on the subjective quality of life of patients after unilateral nefrectomy and to compare it with the quality of life of the common population. The standardized questionnaire SQUALA was used to study the quality of life. Partial goals of the paper were the diagnosis and comparison between the quality of life of the patients after unilateral nefrectomy and the quality of life of common population in particular fields determined by the above mentioned research tool. The fields are: abstract values, health, relations with the next of kin, leisure time and basic needs. A hypothesis was set for the research: The quality of life of people who had suffered a unilateral nefrectomy does not significantly statistically differ from the quality of life of the common population. The basic file was created by patients treated after having been subjected to unilateral nefrectomy. The criterion for choosing the informants was the diagnosis (patients who were subjected to nefrectomy since they suffered from tumor nefrectomy), the time period since the nefrectomy had been carried out (the informants were subjected to nefrectomy at least one year before), occurrence of other diseases (patients who did not suffer from recurrence of the tumor and who have one fully functional kidney). The control group was made up by patients who do not suffer from any serious chronic disease and whose age corresponds to the age of the patients in the unilateral nefrectomy group.
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Data standard of the health information systems
Krátká, Lucie ; Dvořák, Miroslav (referee) ; Fedra, Petr (advisor)
This work attempts at exploring the data standard of the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic and the possibilities of access to the hospital information system CLINICOM. At the beginning basic information about data standards in the health care, international classification of diseases and diagnosis related groups are described. The next part is focused at the database platform Caché and possibilities of word wide web access into the system via Caché server pages. Then it describes valid legislature for nation medicine registries and for mandatory reports to the Nation Medicine Registry of Inpatients. In the end of work it describes the realized program in Cache server pages for on-line data message reports about anonym patients into the National Registry of Inpatients. Patients are sort in agreement with time period and diagnosis related groups. Program utility and Internet data transfer security are discussed.
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The Roof Structure of a Multipurpose Sport Building
Malchárek, Robert ; Barnat, Jan (referee) ; Buchta, Stanislav (advisor)
The subject of the Diploma thesis is a design wooden structures of a multipurpose sport building in Šumperk. The floor plan measurements of the building are 45,0 x 48,0 m with the maximum height 15,0 m. The solution is choosen on the basis of two variants. The structures is designed with respect to ultimate and serviceability limit states. The multipurpose sport building is consist of 13 main truss centre to centre spacing 4,0m. The main structural system is design as the three-hinged arched structure made of solid timber and in the second variant as the arched structure made of glue laminated timber. The spatial rigidity of the structure is secured of diagonal bracing. The roofing is carried by rafter which are safed by purlin and then by upper chord. The steel columns are design as a part of gable wall. The project was carried out in the scia Engineer 2014 software. Some of the particular elements both variants were checked and designed by manualy calculating. The thesis includes structural design report, joints structures, drawings and production drawing the element of the three-hinged arched structure.
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Steel structure of a heliport
Klimeš, Pavel ; Barnat, Jan (referee) ; Štrba, Michal (advisor)
The diploma thesis concerns with the design and static analysis of the heliport steel construction, which has the height of 20 m. The heliport is situated in Prague, Na Františku as a part of the hospital. The technical report and drawings are included in the thesis as well. The thesis consists of the determination of the heliport total load (including permanent, live and climate loads) and, its implementation in the SCIA Engineer 2015.3 computer software. The stress analysis of selected rods and, joints was consequently carried out by means of the manual calculation.
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Numerické simulace náhrad kolenního kloubu - dynamická kontaktní úloha se třením
Lanzendörfer, Martin
We shortly report on our endeavour after a numerical analysis of the biomechanical conditions in the human knee joint. We present here the mathematical model of a dynamical contact problem with friction in linear elasticity. A simple time discretisation by semi-implicit scheme is described and the algebraic saddle point problem resulting from the FEM discretisation is shown. The model should help us to simulate the function of natural human joint and/or the artificial prosthesis in the context of a dynamically loaded sceleton.
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Intracranial Aneurysms - Treatment Options and Natural Course. Safety and Efficacy of Treatment Strategies for Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Aneurysms.
Petr, Ondřej ; Beneš, Vladimír (advisor) ; Haninec, Pavel (referee) ; Přibáň, Vladimír (referee)
BACKGROUND: Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysms are an uncommon, heterogeneous group of aneurysms with poorer neurological outcomes compared to other intracranial aneurysms. At first, as part A, we conducted a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the safety and efficacy of treatment strategies for PICA-aneurysms. Subsequently, as part B, we performed a multicenter retrospective study to analyze the outcome in a large series of patients treated with contemporary microsurgical and endovascular techniques. METHODS: For the meta-analysis, a systematic search of Medline, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science was done for studies published through November 2015. We included studies that described treatment of PICA-aneurysms with ≥10 patients. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool the following outcomes: complete occlusion, technical success, periprocedural morbidity/mortality, stroke rates, aneurysm recurrence/rebleed, CN-palsies rates, and long-term neurological morbidity/mortality. As the second part, aiming to report the current trends and results in treatment strategies for PICA-aneurysms, records of 94 patients treated for PICA-aneurysms between 2000 and 2015 at 3 large referral neurovascular centers were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: In the meta-analysis, we...
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Acipimox during Short-Term Exercise Exerts A Negative Feedback of Growth Hormone on Ghrelin Secretion in Patients with Bulimia Nervosa and in Healthy Women: The Role of Lipolysis
Smitka, Kvido ; Nedvídková, Jara (advisor) ; Kršek, Michal (referee) ; Čáp, Jan (referee)
Title: Acipimox during Short-Term Exercise Exerts A Negative Feedback of Growth Hormone on Ghrelin Secretion in Patients with Bulimia Nervosa and in Healthy Women: The Role of Lipolysis Objective: Eating disorders, such as bulimia nervosa (BN) and anorexia nervosa (AN), are characterized by abnormal eating behavior. The main features of BN are binge-eating and inappropriate compensatory methods to prevent weight gain. The appetite-modulating peptide ghrelin is secreted by the stomach and shows a strong release of growth hormone (GH). A potential GH-ghrelin feedback loop between stomach and the pituitary has been recently reported. Acipimox (Aci), an analogue of nicotinic acid, inhibits lipolysis in adipose tissue (AT) and reduces plasma glycerol and free fatty acids (FFA) levels. Exercise and Aci are stimulators of GH secretion. We suppose that a negative feedback from increased GH levels during exercise may play a role in reducing plasma ghrelin levels. We surmised that altered baseline activity and exercise-induced activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) results in excessive stimulation of lipolysis associated with negative energy balance and may lead to abnormal AT metabolism in patients with BN. Disruption of the gut-brain-AT axis might be involved in the pathogenesis of BN. The...
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