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Air pollution and mortality in population of the Czech Republic
Lubas, Matouš ; Melzochová, Jitka (advisor) ; Svoboda, Miroslav (referee)
This paper investigates the effects of air pollution represented by particulate matter concentration (PM10) on annual mortality and on annual hospital admission rate in 54 Czech districts and Prague. Two regression models for identifying the effects of long-term air pollution exposure on mortality and on hospital admissions were estimated using ordinary least squares method with cross-sectional data for 2011. Average PM10 concentration between 2004 and 2011 is used as the air pollution variable. The control variables are indicators of the district's socioeconomic status (serving as proxies for the population's health behavior) or indicators of healthcare accessibility. The model estimates indicate that air pollution is responsible for 6.5 % of all deaths and for 10 % of all hospital admissions in the observed districts. Another model was used to identify the association between annual mortality and air pollution in the concurrent and the previous year. The model was estimated using fixed effects method on panel data for 2004-11. However, the model failed to provide credible estimates, because the trend in mortality was not properly controlled for.
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An attitude of single young women to an institution of the marriage and the parenthood
CIPÍNOVÁ, Dagmar
The issue of marriage and partnership seems to be a rather hot topic considering the number of trial marriages, incomplete families or postponed parenthoods. My baccalaureate work deals with a research in the views and attitudes of nowaday´s young single women to the issues of marriage and parenthood. The information for my baccalaureate work has been acquired using content analysis of secondary data. Quantitative research has been selected for the monitoring of attitudes related to the work´s objectives as well as for the purposes of hypotheses testing. The data collection has been based on the method of interview and the questionnaire technique, the questionnaires containing 26 questions each. In total, one-hundred and forty questionnaires (100 %) have been distributed, one-hundred and five of them (75 %) being fully completed and usable for the research purposes. The questionnaire research was carried out in February and March 2009. The questionnaires were anonymous, pre-tested on a sample of respondents within a preliminary research. The questionnaire technique was designed in order to obtain primary data on the target population selected by random choice among young single women living in the District of České Budějovice, the only precondition being that the research was focussed exclusively on single and childless women. Two of the three determined hypotheses could not be confirmed. The research results have shown that the majority of young women wish to live and obviously will live in a marriage, even if after the lapse of a certain period of trial marriage. Concluding an official marriage or entering into the trial marriage relationship are not predominantly dependent of the level of the education achieved, whereas the length of studies or professional training may play a certain role. As far as starting a family is concerned, marriage does not pose an essential pre-condition of triggering the wish in a young woman to have a baby. The research has further confirmed the current trend of postponing marriages into a higher age as well as the rising age of women giving birth to their first baby. The results of the presented work reflect the current situation in the attitudes of young single women to the institutions of marriage and parenthood. They present a valuable source of information related to family planning and reproductive behaviour. They may also serve for the purposes of further studies in this field or may be applied as study material within programmes focussed on the given issue.
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Potrava okouna říčního (Perca fluviatilis) v průběhu napouštění důlní propadliny Chabařovice (SZ Čechy, ČR)
Adámek, Zdeněk ; Jurajda, Pavel ; Musil, J. ; Janáč, Michal ; Kabilka, P. ; Polačik, Matej ; Ťuk, J. ; Valová, Zdenka ; Zeman, J.
The Chabařovice coal mining pit (Chabařovice lake) is currently still under the process of continuous flooding and its area increased up to 174 ha since 2001. The inflow water originates from surface waterbodies and hence the penetration of fish species, undesirable with respect to biomanipulation efforts, makes a serious problem in fisheries management of the lake. Adult perch have been the most numerous fish of the lake until 2004. Current perch population consists of one cohort (7+ - 8+) originating from the recruitment of two subsequent year classes. The food bulk of adult perch consisted of benthic animals and zooplankton in both years under study, however their proportion differed significantly. In 2004, dragon fly nymphs were the dominant food items with 58.80% proportion, followed by cladocerans Daphnia sp., which made up 23.82% of food ingested. In 2005, chironomid larvae prevailed in the food bulk with 41.95% and the diversity of ingested food items was obviously wider.
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Critical Analysis of Housing in the Czech Republic
Herelová, Kateřina ; Šmahel, Milan (referee) ; Škapa, Stanislav (advisor)
Work on the topic of Critical analysis of the housing in the Czech Republic, I chose to its timeliness and problematičnost. I wanted to cover all the pitfalls in the work of housing – legislation that was adopted and the resulting situation of housing on troubleshooting regulated "privileged" rents and rental market. Nastiňuji, how the State takes care of the socially weaker populations (housing) from 2009 it rose sharply citizens. Work to characterize housing in Prague, Brno and Ostrava. The objective of housing is the regulation of the hiring of total liberalisation of the real estate market for tackling I have drawn up a questionnaire, which tracks the housing facilities regions. The biggest problem I've had little social housing solutions, both financially and time consuming.
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Seasonal variability of fish samples
Konečná, G. ; Janáč, Michal ; Jurajda, Pavel
We investigated seasonal variability of fish samples on small submontane stream. Study took place on Vlára stream in Bohuslavice town. One identical 100 m long section was sampled monthly from April to November 2005. Sampling was carried out using electrofishing. Totally, 8238 individuals belonging to 18 species were caught. Number of species was constant during the year (mean +/- SE, 10.5 +/- 0.38). Nine most common species were caught each month. On the other hand, in most cases the rest of species was found just once. Gudgeon (Gobio gobio), roach (Rutilus rutilus) and chub (Leuciscus cephalus) were dominant species. Rare species probably came from lentic waters in the river basin and did not make stable populations in the river.
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Long-term monitoring of the populations of Eudontomyzon mariae in the Račí potok brook (1998-2006)
Hanel, L. ; Lusk, Stanislav
The occurrence of the Ukrainian lamprey (Eudontomyzon mariae) in the Račí potok Brook is the only known population of this lamprey in the Czech republic. The status of the locality and population numbers of this species was followed up in 1998 through 2006. It is evident that the population size (as shown by the results of electro-fishings using invariably the same technique) is slightly increasing. Compared to 16 larvae.ha-1 in 1998, their number increased to 327 larvae.ha-1 in 2006. The abundance data were converted to the bottom surface, not only to that of suitable fine sediment deposits. In 2006, the same stream section was experimentally fished twice, and it has appeared that additional larvae were present in the second run (the increase in abundance being ca 38 %). In our opinion, the gradual increase in the population size of the Ukrainian lamprey in the Račí potok Brook is due to the recent revitalisation modifications of the brook bed.
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Analysis of determinants affecting consumer movie ratings
Plevák, Tomáš ; Svoboda, Miroslav (advisor) ; Babin, Jan (referee)
This paper aims to analyze influence of selected factors, based on 2012 year's data, such as genre, budget, reviews, length, etc., on final consumer rating of the film. The analysis is conducted with the assistance of an econometric model, using the least squares method with automatic correction of heteroscedasticity and results are applicable mainly to the population of viewers from the United States. I found out that rating of the film is mostly influenced by the genre classification. It turned out that another important vatiable is the one based on professional critics reviews, however it cannot be said whether the critic is affecting consumer by his evaluation or he is only predicting success of the film. Most of the papers dealing with this topic focuses on sales, this paper on the other hand is focused on the preferences of the viewer as a consumer.
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Decision-making in the state administration
Dufek, David ; Brožová, Helena (advisor) ; Ivana, Ivana (referee)
The practical part deals with public contract for completion of primary school
construction. The decision to do it or not will be based on statistical analysis of selected
demographic indicators, in particular city, using time series during the period from 1991 to
2013 and the prognosis for the following three years.
The theoretical part of this thesis presents individual demographic characteristics,
methods for determining weights and criteria for supplier selection, using appropriate
decision-making models. In the practical part of thesis the demographic situation is
analyzed using data obtained from ČSÚ and the town. The construction company for the
completion of the building of primary school will be chosen using decision-making models
and the lender to ensure that the financing of this project will be also chosen.
The results of the analysis show that the population along with the number of
children in the city increases, and a further rise could be predicted for the period 2014-
2016. Afterwards, the selected individual suppliers are chosen and the recommendation of
the leadership of the Town Council is compiled, leading to a better selection of suppliers.
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Impact of 2008 - 10 economic recession on suicide in the Czech Republic
Celmanová, Barbora ; Rotschedl, Jiří (advisor) ; Čermáková, Klára (referee)
The thesis analyze the impact of 2008 economic recession on suicide rate in the Czech Republic. In the first step of analysis, time trends of suicide before economic recession are estimated. Historical trends had been declining for both sexes before recession. Based on these trends are estimated excess suicides in 2008 -- 2010 compare with the number expected suicides based on previous trends. In the second step of analysis, regression analysis using fixed effect is used to examine relationship between unemployment and suicides. It's found, that yearly fluctuations in unemployment are associated with annual changes in suicides among men. For women this relationship isn't significantly proved. The examination is conducted on 14 regions of the Czech Republic from 2000 to 2010. Main explanatory variable is the number of available job applicants that measures changes in unemployment. Other control variables are added to the models to eliminate fixed effects . The annual data for the male population shown, that in regions, where was the highest growth of unemployment rate, was also the highest increase in suicide.
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Analysis of usury legislation
Červenková, Tereza ; Lechner, Tomáš (advisor) ; Jurčík, Radek (referee)
The project analyzes current legislation on usury in the Czech Republic and the financial literacy of the adult population. On 1 Dec. 2016, an amended Act on Consumer Loans entered into force and this project examines it. The project compares Czech legislation on usury with selected European Union countries. Czech legislation is similar with German and Portugal legislation, especially in terms of civil law. The most effective legislation can be considered in Spain, which explicitly stipulates allowed interest rate limits. Based on that, Czech legislation on usury should be adjusted. The research results show a correlation between respondents' highest-achieved level of education and their financial literacy levels. The research also finds that the number of court distraints (property seizures) and the willingness to borrow money is lower among respondents with university-level education than for respondents with secondary and basic school education. When comparing our findings with research by STEM/MARK dating from 2010, it is clear that the financial literacy of the adult population in the Czech Republic has not changed significantly since that time.
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