|
Little ice age in the documentary sources
Žáková, Nikola ; Soukupová, Jana (advisor) ; Synáčková, Marcela (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the description of the period called Little Ice Age based on documentary sources information and the early meteorological measurements. This phase lasted approximatelly from 13th century till mid 19th century. I also mention the possible causes and important historical contexts in the thesis, on which climate change associated with Little Ice Age could have considerable influence. While searching for information on a particular topic, I relied on the assumptions of the books of worlds authors and on chronicles records.
|
|
The climate in Ždár Peaks as described in documentary sources
Sobotková, Nicol ; Soukupová, Jana (advisor) ; Vokoun, Martin (referee)
The Protected Landscape Area Žďárské vrchy is in this bacherol´s work "The climate in Žďár Peaks as described in documentary sources" put into climate-historic context, particularly with regard to frequency of meteorological extremes and their impact on society. The importance is enhanced by the mere fact, that for the inhabitants of the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands, the knowledge of the then climate was a key for success-not only in economic development, but mainly in personal life, where this knowledge played a crucial role for their survival.
The starting point of this thesis is the definition of the discussed area, the definition of documentary sources from the perspective of climate and the characteristics of weather extremes. Historical data were taken from archives, mainly from nearby archives and from chronicles from the region of Žďárské vrchy and surrounding areas. The core for this thesis is the period before 1900, when scientific measurements were not used. Valuable reports are then the records of weather, climate conditions, catastrophes, but also about the deaths of bell-ringers. The information about grain fertility, crops or harvests are important, as well. According to character of the weather in the chosen area, the records are divided into author´s own seven-stage scale of extreme phenomena and they are put into local and regional context. The assessment is carried out by using tables, in which years are characterised according to genuine climatic conditions. Despite deviations caused by insufficient amount of data and inaccurate measurement, the data in question are similar to other observed proxy data. The study of climate in the Protected Landscape Area Žďárské vrchy in historical context can supplement climate-historical database and other research.
Climate of the past centuries in the region Žďárské vrchy shows that extreme events were common in there. Every year, people had to cope with harsh weather conditions. Why is then the question of weather extremes still open? The future threatens with global climate changes. If people do not stop governing the nature, the natural climate cycle will disrupt anthropogenic evolution.
|
|
Climatic Changes After The Eruption of Tambora in 1815
Zhao, Shuran ; Soukupová, Jana (advisor) ; Bašta, Petr (referee)
Volcanic activities belongs to the most common natural events on this planet. They are as old as our planet. Some volcanoes have very long life cycle, their interval of eruptions can be up to tens or hundreds of thousands years. In general, the long interval the large eruption. The super-eruptions on VEI 8 are able to destroy the whole human civilization on the world. Fortunately this kind of eruptions is very rare from the human perspective.
Other weaker eruptions happen more frequently. Human civilization experienced an eruption of VEI 7 in 1815, which was the biggest eruption during last 10 000 years and led to global cooling and famine. That was the biggest volcanic eruption in human history, eruption of volcano Tambora in 1815.
Tambora during its eruption released a tremendous amount of magma and volcanic gases. It has been unsurpassed till now. It had severe consequences, many people were killed by the eruption but even more people died as a result of diseases or starvation related to eruption. In next 2 to 3 years after eruption, Northern Hemisphere was in an unstable condition. A huge amount of volcanic gases and ash released by this eruption was transported into stratosphere that led to global cooling. Just the cooling destroyed many fields and killed lots of people. So that year 1816 get a name as year without summer. In my work I collected information and data of weather during 1815 to 1817 around Northern Hemisphere to compare them and to find out whether the eruption changed the climate after 1815. Many sources recorded an unusual weather in North America, Asia and Europe. In these years, it was always cloudy and persistently rained. The Czech lands were also affected by this eruption. Many Czech sources recorded cold weather in 1815-1817 that related with widespread rise in price of agricultural products. It undoubtedly worsened the already grave situation.
Such these eruptions are big threat to human civilization. We cannot avoid them, but we can reduce the consequences to a minimum by monitoring volcanoes and their activities.
The aim of this work is describe the climatic changes accompanied with the big volcanic eruption of 1815 and its consequences. I am trying to restoring the details of volcanic eruption. My aim is to draw attention to the danger of volcanic activity and the importance of monitoring volcanoes.
|
|
Influence of selected factors on the fattening capacity and carcass values of bulls in the control station Želeč
PUFR, Josef
Cattle breeding is one of the part of traditional Czech agriculture. It is a vital part of economy consisting of two main branches - milk and beef production. Beef is one of the main products of cattle breeding sometimes provided by fattening of heifers, cows and bulls. Producing meat with the highest quality with low costs is the main goal of fattening the cattles. I have tested the influence of selected fators on the fattening capacity and carcass values of Czech Fleckvieh bulls in the control station as well as the economic requirements of the fattening period. I have compared the test period of 530 ? 10 days with period of 610 ? 10 days of fattening using the old and new technology of supplementation. Further fattening was provided by results of growing Charolais, Limousin and Czech Fleckvies x Simmental bulls. The results suggest that the increase of the period of fattening for 80 days had a positive effect on carcass yield (p < 0.001), assigning in the classification according to SEUROP and profitability of farming. The positiv relationships between breeding value of fathers and carcass yield of their sons was observed. Finally, the positive influence of new technology of fattening on the classification acording to SEUROP was shown.
|
|
Buildings and equipment in game preserves differentiated according to keeped game
Pastierovič, Filip ; Tománek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Ctibor, Ctibor (referee)
This thesis focuses on hunting structures and equipment in selected game preserves. Further differences between ma, by type of farmed cloven-hoofed animals. This thesis processes literature review, which describes the different kinds of hunting structures and facilities. Within this catalog, the work focuses on differential devices with properties that ideally match the anatomy and life history characteristics of each game species. The practical part contains profiles of six hobby industries, in which a field investigations has been carried out. During this investigation, photographs of buildings and equipment were taken in the game reserves. The practical part also contains a map plotting all game preserves buildings and equipment. Another part of the practical part of the work focused on the real skills of the individual field devices. When building structures and hunting equipment in specialized game preserves, but also on free hunting grounds, may be taken into consideration to conclude this work.
|
|
The quality of water sources in the Czech Republic
Boháčová, Tereza ; Petrtýl, Miloslav (advisor) ; Kyriánová, Iveta Angela (referee)
The following bachelor thesis on the subject of The quality of water sources in the Czech Republic is supposed to introduce its readers to both historical development and current state of surface water quality in the Czech Republic. The works methodology is creation of a literature review of available scientific literature and especially Reports on surface water quality in particular river basins. The first part briefly describes Czech hydrological network and basic water quality indicators. The second part deals with the development of surface water quality in particular river basins. Another part of the work describes legal measures concerning surface water protection.
In the last century, surface water contamination was considered one of the biggest environmental problems in our country. Waste water flowing into surface water were not perfectly treated and often werent treated at all. Because of this and also because of intense industry development, surface water was highly polluted. It wasnt until 1989, when the surface water quality improved significantly, mainly due to reduction of contaminants discharge, waste water treatment plants and sewerage system construction and development. Main danger for quality of rivers after 1989 were floods in 1997 and 2002, during which water treatment plants outage were often and dangerous chemicals were leaking from factories.
The main finding of this work is the fact that quality of surface water in Czech Republic is much better than in the last century. However, it is still needed, that we focus on smaller rivers which are being endangered the most by discharge of contaminants from villages that dont have their own waste water treatment plants.
|
|
The potential use of artificial nests for the management of Peregrine Falcon in industrial areas
Marek, David ; Zasadil, Petr (advisor) ; Kouba, Marek (referee)
In my Bachelor Thesis I have focused on presentation of a project concerning location of artificial birdhouses at two particularly selected chimneys situated within an industrial park called Chempark Záluží in Litvínov. Those two birdhouses were installed in the industrial park, as peregrines (falcons) settling in these nests was anticipated. The project launched in 2011 and successfully continues up to now. This project is one of most successful projects focused on creating new nesting opportunities for falcons, fixed on one specific industrial park. Fifteen falcon pups were successfully brought up to 2015.
Presentation of the project aims to spread such an activity on other suitable places and integration of wide public into other activities, directed on protection of falcons on our territory, which are as well presented in this thesis, including assessment of their importance.
|
|
Influence of different ways of creating compound feed for results of poultry
Kociánová, Pavla ; Kodeš, Alois (advisor) ; Jiří, Jiří (referee)
The intention of this thesis, processed form of the project was to evaluate the effect of the different system for creating recipes compound feed for poultry performance, feed efficiency and economy of production of animal products for specific breeders.
The work is based on a detailed review of the literature processed, directly related to the study of topics such as fundamentals to determine the methodological approach and meet specified targets and confirm or refute hypotheses. A follow-up evaluation of inputs and their own project. It is based on a detailed analysis of three-year results from three farms in the Czech Republic, which supplies feed mixtures, according to their wishes, both conventional and addressable - tailored, enterprise PRIMAGRA, a.s. Criteria under consideration were in different years: efficiency index fattening broiler chickens, achieved weight, feed conversion, deaths, the price of feed mixture.
In the final part of the study summarizes gained knowledge, which can be summed up as follows: performance of individual buildings surveyed farms had fluctuating character. Slaughter weight had a positive development in only one of these three companies, by the remaining two happened its total reduction. For enterprises A and B using conventional feed were among the batches for all investigated criteria measured different values. In contrast, in the company C utilizing feed addressable were examined by criteria, the results of individual batches more balanced. Percentage mortality in the period in agricultural enterprises decreased.
Furthermore, the hypotheses examined claims made to that effect. H1 hypothesis was confirmed. It can say that for farmers the use of direct mixture effective in the long run and brings him more stable and more profitable than the use of conventional feed mixture. H2 hypothesis was not confirmed or denied. The reason for this ambiguous conclusion was that there are many other factors that determine whether use of the nutrient mixtures poorer farmers will or will not bring the same effect as a mixture richer in nutrients. H3 hypothesis was not confirmed, because in a situation where they are available cheap synthetic amino acids not necessary to the formulas represented many components, as in the early days of development of the feed industry.
|
|
The Impacts of Non-native Species American Mink (Neovison vison) on Native Fauna
Moucha, Pavel ; Vrabec, Vladimír (advisor) ; Jan, Jan (referee)
The American mink is among the weaselly (Mustelidae) carnivore native to North America. It is a food opportunist living semiaquatic lifestyle. He is very well adapted to the new environment. And he was introduced by humans as a furry animal to many areas of Europe, Asia, South America and other areas. Secondarily often he escaped or were released into the wild, where he managed very well prosper and continue to reproduce. To the Czech Republic came as a furry animal in 20. to 30. years of the last century, in the wild he was then observed since the 60s.
This study examines the impact of American mink on our fauna, especially in view of the food spectrum. The research was conducted in the middle of the river Berounka in Křivoklát from December 2014 to December 2015. The aim of the study was to capture the largest possible number of minks during the summer and in winter. Another aim was whether mink dangerous for the local population of reptiles.
Trapping took place during the 552 trapping night. a total of 20 were trapped mink. This means that the average captured 1 mink to 28 trapping night. Of these 20 individuals were 5 females and 15 males. It caught up to 8 mink in the winter and 12 in the summer. Based on the analyzes were 7 mink (35 %) excluded from the analysis because of an empty stomach. The largest component of food mink accounted for 76.16 % mammals for example order: Rodentia eg. vole (Microtus arvalis), muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus). Other food components formed on the same level with a share of 7.69 % reptile grass snake (Natrix Natrix), birds (order: Passeriformes) and fish (class: Actinopterygii). The last component of food occurring in the samples was 0.77 % of the insects (orders: Coleoptera, Lepidoptera). In the analysis wasn´t detected representative of the class of amphibians (Amphibia). The food spectrum in the winter and summer season was no different. At-risk populations reptile shows finding snakes in the stomach mink. An important outcome of this study is also alert to legislative issues concerning the mink in the Czech Republic and the possible effects on the otter (Lutra Lutra).
|
|
Impact Analysis the Neolithic Revolution on gradual changes in the nutritional strategy for its of man nutrition and health in the 21st century
Pilařová, Markéta ; Kodeš, Alois (advisor) ; Bohumil, Bohumil (referee)
Objective: The aim of the thesis was based on an analysis of the historical development of
human society to determine changes in human nutrition strategy and its consequences in contemporary
post-industrial society. The intention of the study was to highlight the potential
risks of these changes on human health.
Methods of work: As a source of information I used studied literature and created a poll. The
research group survey was composed of respective respondents, of which was the assumption
that they have the experience, knowledge of the so-called. Paleolithic diet. The results are
presented in tables and graphs using the functions in Excel.
Results of work: Final results are interpreted on the basis of studied literature and information
gathered through the survey respondents were sent out to me. Analysis of the historical
context of cause and effect in the development of nutritional strategies of human society, will
allow predicting dietary habits and health risks for humans in the 21st century.
|
guest ::
