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Comparison of health care in the Czech Republic and Germany
Dutá, Sára ; Kocmánková Menšíková, Lucie (advisor) ; David, David (referee)
This thesis deals with comparing the two health systems, the differences between the quality of medical care in the Czech Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany, and more specifically with the individual physician access to the patient. The thesis explains in the theoretical part the basic concepts relating to the topic of health (the value of health and its determinants, lifestyle, prevention, illness, disease, health care, health care system and health policy) further discusses the Czech and German health care system and compares them basic structure, where the most fundamental difference is the difference of the German health system, which is divided into two levels, national and federal. The thesis also studies the role of the doctor and patient and the relationship between them. Secondary and comparative data analysis of the differences in health care in the Czech Republic and Germany showed that respondents are with care and physician access to the patient rather satisfied in Germany, although there are also drawbacks. Data obtained through semi-structured interviews show that views on health care varies according to the number of years spent in Germany (respondents who lived in Germany for example for 15 years, had with the local health care more experiences). Almost all interviewees seem to agree that the difference in health care in these countries is due to the differences in funds that are spent on health care. Annually put Germany on Health care about 11, 6% of GDP, of which 76.8% are public funds. On health care in the Czech Republic it is 7.5% of GDP. Participation in the payment of health care in the Czech Republic was 15.8%, Germany 23.5%. From the data obtained suggests that the quality of care affects the confidence in it and the need to treat the patient.
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Evaluation of revitalisation of green vegetation on the square in the town Dobříš
Melšová, Tereza ; Jakubcová, Eva (advisor) ; Jiří, Jiří (referee)
The thesis is focused on the evaluation of the revitalization of green vegetation at the Mirove square in the town Dobris. Revitalization took place in 2012 and its main purpose was to revive and attractiveness of the area. The condition was to preserve the original character of the square.
As part of this thesis is done monitoring of the project with settings the most important points that had an impact on the recovery of the area. Explored is for example the financing of revitalization, architectural competition and management of urban green areas in Dobris.
The main essence of evaluation is analysis of greenem which was performed before starting the revitalization and after its completion. It describes the health condition of trees, their aesthetic value and composition of vegetation, which was solved by the project. Based on the dendrological report is evaluated the management of greenery, which was ensured by the city untill the start of the project.
Described is street furniture and all landscaping which was applied in the renewal of greenery. Included are radical adjustments like felling of selected trees, but also a minor health interventions.
In conclusion there is proposed recommendations for possible adjustments. They are entered in the design of solutions that can be used to improve the project. The recommendations are designed to improve representativeness and functionality of the entire revitalization project in the investigated area.
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Analysis of sheep utility attributes in ecological and conventional flocks in the Czech Republic
Linhartová, Iveta ; Ptáček, Martin (advisor) ; Jan, Jan (referee)
The goal of this diploma thesis was to perform an analysis of sheep breeding of Suffolk breed in basic reproductive performance and meat production traits aspects. The information for rating these aspects was used from two farms. The first of them used conventional way of breeding (ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo) and the second one used ecological way (EkofarmaKosařůvmlýn, s.r.o.).
Fertilization, fertility, intensity and rearing belong among monitored reproductive indicators. These reproductive indicators are expressed in percentages. Regarding meat production traits rating in this thesis we compared influences of year of lambing, farming method, birth month, sex, litter size and age of dam. All these influences were judge according to birth weight (kg), weight at the age of 100 days (kg), average growth (g), depth of the longest dorsal muscle (mm) and according to depth of subcutaneous fat (mm). Reproductive performance and meat production were monitored in years 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015.
In terms of reproductive performance with a few exceptions it was true that ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo reached the best values, and in most cases better than the national average. For example in terms of intensity values in 2012 ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo had 35,9% better results compared to national average. In the same year this farm reached 48,1% higher values of percentage rearing compared to national average. Ekofarma Kosařův mlýn, s.r.o. showed worse performances, however it was in most cases better than national average. In terms of intensity in 2011 Ekofarma Kosařův mlýn, s.r.o. had the same results as the ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo. Meat production properties were supported by statistical calculations and all of them were conclusive at least at the level of significance P < 0,05 in all cases except month of birth effect on birth weight. The best results of meat production in terms of effect of lambing had the year 2012, when the birth weight was one of the highest and the other properties (weight at the age of 100 days, average growth, depth of the longest dorsal muscle, depth of subcutaneous fat) were by far the highest in the period of 2011-2015. Next we found out that the ecological way of breeding (in this case Ekofarma Kosařůvmlýn, s.r.o.) has better results than the conventional way (ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo).
The effect of birthmonth has the significant influence on the indicators of meat production and the lambs born in April had the best results. In the case of sex rams are better. Litter size has very important influence on meat production the more lambs per one mother, the lower
birth weights, the lower weights until the period of weaning, the lower weights at the age of 100 days. It is affected by milkiness of the mother. Moreover, the age of mothers also play a significant role. In our research the highest birth weights had lambs of one year old mothers and all other indicators were the highest in the case of three year old dams.
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Characteristics important for ensuring of sustainable and development of dairy cattle herds breeding
Lelek, Jaroslav ; Stádník, Luděk (advisor) ; Petr, Petr (referee)
The aim of this dissertation was to assess the influence of characteristics important for
ensuring of sustainable and development of dairy cattle herds breeding. The data investigated
describe approximately 5138 dairy cows in period of four years in selected farming´s of dairy
cattle in district of Jičín. There were these indicators of reproduction processed: conception
rate after first insemination, conception rate after all inseminations, interval of insemination,
index of insemination, service period and meantime; the data were collected from seven
stables of Bohemian Spotted cattle and from seven stables of Holstein cattle. The longevity
was investigated from the number of dairy cows at respective lactation of both investigated
breeds and from the average lactation in respective years. The results of investigation prove
that the average percentage representation of dairy cow at respective lactation between
2012-2015 ranged 33,4 % at first lactation, and 24,68 % at second lactation, and 18,13 %
at third lactation, and 11,48 % at fourth lactation, and 6,53 % at fifth lactation, and 3,32 %
at sixth lactation, and 2,36 % at seventh and more lactations.
The evident data from comparison prove, that till third lactation there is higher percentage
representation of Holstein cattle and from third lactation there are more cows of Bohemian
Spotted cattle, and also the average reached lactation confirms this the value of 2,75 lactation
for Bohemian Spotted cattle and the value of 2,3 lactation for Holstein cattle. The influence of
breed on the average length of lactation was quite weak. The results of rating indicators of
reproduction also have not proven any statistically important difference between both types of
cattle as concerns values reached by each cattle, but the original Bohemian Spotted cattle
reached better results in all indicators, and thus it is probably more suitable for the area of
district Jičín.
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The renovation of historical parks near the small feudal residences on the example of the study of the renovation of the castle garden in Doudleby nad Orlici in Eastern Bohemia.
Faltysová, Lenka ; Buttry, Ivana (advisor) ; Jakub, Jakub (referee)
The aim of this work is the processing methodology and presentation process how to restore monuments of garden art. On the example of the revitalization of the castle garden immovable cultural monument Castle Doudleby nad Orlicí, based on the study of literature, similar interventions and the analysis and interpretation of various types of archival material the current quality of historic garden was evaluated. It is based on field survey, which consists of dendrological research, analyzing the authenticity of trees and appreciation of all the collected documents, historical sources and professional literature. Concept recovery of castle garden is based on the expert authority´s binding point of view of the state care of historical monuments.
Renaissance castle in Doudleby nad Orlici is located in the eastern part of the town on a slightly raised hill on the right bank of the River Divoká Orlice. There was a wooden medieval fortress with the farmyard on this place in the 13th century. Sr Mikuláš from Bubno started to build a hunting lodge in the Renaissance style as villa in 1588, which was finished in 1590. The significance of Renaissance residence, which complement the early Baroque elements from the late 17th century, is enhanced by the opulent and impressive sgraffito - carpet pattern covering all external and internal frontage, restored in 1886 by Kirchner. The tall chimneys are the part of decoration in the courtyard decorated with sgraffito as well. The chateau complex is formed along its circuit of farm buildings and residential buildings. Building of castle itself is separated by a park with old trees and newer lawns (Hieke, 1984).
Castle park in Doudleby nad Orlicí was founded in 1809 in compositional continuity of the Renaissance castle building. The park forms one organic complex with the castle. The promoter strived, like in the castle rooms, to demonstrate here his wealth, his sense of art and his botanical-dendrological knowledge. The park is designed as a narrow disposition in landscape style and it is composed as a long vista to the castle. The area of the landscape park is 3.76 hectares nowadays.
The literature search is especially dedicated to the Renaissance and its relationship to the garden art. The monument care in the Czech Republic and the activity of professional organization of the monument care of the National Heritage Institute in Josefov is introduced in this section.
The methodological guide describes the used bolsterings and resulting outputs on the basis of them are implemented of such measures, which will help to improve the health and vitality of existing promising trees and new plantings of trees, which are consistent with the original composition with emphasis on the rehabilitation and upgrading of historical value of the object. Treatment of trees and supplementary planting will be done within the frame of total revitalization of the castle park.
The practical unit describes the current status of vegetation monuments of garden art. The inventory trees is the essential tool for analyzing the current status of vegetation monuments of garden art. Inventory, which should provide quality base for a draft recovery, should also be addressed in certain parts with characteristics of individual species (Krejčiřík, 2015).
The results of field investigation were completely recorded in the graphical output.
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Hygienic safety of outdoor playgrounds with sandbox
Abertová, Jana ; Borůvka, Luboš (advisor) ; Anna, Anna (referee)
Playgrounds represent danger of a direct input of hazardous substances into children`s organism, that`s why they require a special attention. The diploma thesis deals with hygienic safety of outside playgrounds with sandpits in scope of valid legislation and medical risks, which might be caused by contamination.
The aim of the thesis is to assess the level of microbiological, parasitical and chemical contamination and hygienic safety of sand in outside playgrounds with sandpits in Hradec Kralove.
To check the contamination, samples of sand were taken in outside playgrounds with sandpits destined for children in Hradec Kralove. Safety parameters of taken samples were rated according to notice No. 238/2011 Coll., about setting of hygienic requirements for swimming pools, saunas and hygienic limits for sand in sandpits of outside playgrounds. The evaluation of samples was concentrated on microbiological, chemical and parasitical contamination of sandpits, which was analyzed by Medical Institute based in Usti nad Labem. The influence of position of playground within the town (city center vs. outskirts), time of collecting samples and age of each sandpit were judged.
The sandpits in Hradec Kralove in the years 2014 and 2015 were microbially contaminated over established limits only in one case. Parasitical or chemical contamination was not found in any case.
Next conclusion is that sandpits at end of season are contaminated by microorganisms about 18 % more often than at start of season and at the same time that sandpits in city center are contaminated about 14 % more frequently than in outskirts. New sandpits are often contaminated by thermotolerant coliform bacteria than old sandpits. From the point of view of chemical contamination, sandpits in city center are more contaminated by chemicals, however statistical difference is not significant. The discovered values of sand at start and end of season were misrepresented by addition of sand in sandpits in the course of main season.
Sandpits in Hradec Kralove had a high level of hygienic safety, which is determined in law No 258/2000 Coll., about protection of public health.
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Application of project management methods in public administration
Labancová, Karolina ; Houška, Milan (advisor) ; Hana, Hana (referee)
This thesis entitled "Application of project management methods in public administration" handles real project, which will be held in public administration, with the help of project management. The work describes what steps must be pursued must perform in order to make the investment plan, in this case, the construction of a new building that will serve as the sponsor registry.
The first part focuses on the explanation of the concepts of project management, dealing with specifying what the different terms mean and how they can be used in a practical direction. Along with these concepts also deals with the methods and principles that are used in project management. These include STEP analysis, which looks at what the external environment surrounding the subject and SWOT analysis, which in turn monitors the internal environment of the body. The work is also used and critical path method called. CPM and created hierarchical structure of WBS activity. The thesis also analyzes risk situations and procurement procedures and their financial value. The theoretical part serves as a basis for practical work.
The second part is focused on practical use of knowledge, which are described in the theoretical part. There is described by the entity itself, which will carry out the investment plan and what needs to prepare and arrange before the project will be successfully completed. STEP analysis and SWOT are the practical part applied to a particular subject and their conclusions are then made the decision that the construction is necessary or not. Other methods, ie. critical path method, hierarchical structure, operations and risk analysis methods are no longer aimed at the very beginning and the realization of the investment project. This summary is presented in the final part.
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Political aspects of local government – (non)stability of voting behavior of population of the town Volary
Dvořák, Stanislav ; Kopřiva, Radek (advisor) ; Lenka, Lenka (referee)
The thesis analyses the elections and electoral behaviour of the citizens of the town Volary in the period from 1996 to 2014. The behaviour of the voters was studied not only from the election results of the municipal elections but parliamentary elections as well. Several theoretical propositions, including the consistency of the voters' social status were verified. Moreover the work describes the differences of electoral behaviour based on the division into various socioeconomic groups in connection with the left and the right wing of the political spectre. Furthermore the work reviews the theory whether the local voters tend to the left or right values and deals with the stability or instability of their electoral behaviour.
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Evaluation of growth and fertility in chosen columnar apple-tree varieties
Brázdová, Ludmila ; Zíka, Lukáš (advisor) ; Súkeníková, Tereza (referee)
This paper deals with the evaluation of growth and fertility in selected apple varieties. I will discuss the range of columnar apple trees, which represent a further step in the development of growing shapes. Eleven different varieties grafted onto two different rootstocks was assessed. Planting was establish in the spring of 2013, the clamp 3 x 0,8 m. The trees were planted as a two-year vaccinees.
The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the increase in trunk diameter, the intensity of growth and yield of selected columnar apple varieties, before and after the end of their vegetation. It was necessary to evaluate the cross-sectional area strain in (cm2), increase in cross-sectional area strain in (cm2), average fruit weight (g), crown height (m), absolute yield (kg) per tree, specific yield on (cm2) cross-sectional area, yield (kg) on increase in area strain, area yield (t / ha) and specific yield on the crown height (kg / m).
In the theoretical part I will deal with the history of apple growing and growing development of various shapes, characteristics of apple trees, their significance and composition. Further I will discuss demands on the growing the apple tree and its treating. At the same time I will mention the major diseases and pests. At the end of this part I will describe harvesting methods and proper storage.
The practical part is focused on the experiment itself and its subsequent evaluation. I will mention the location and characteristics of the habitat where the apple tree grew. I will describe specific columnar varieties and rootstocks used. I will characterize the specific location of the varieties grown and the activities that were implemented during the evaluation period of the experiment.
In conclusion, the results have been evaluated, to which I arrived during the entire measurements. This part contains the observed values displayed in two tables. For a better overview of the data obtained and the results they are displayed graphically. At the end there is a complete summary of the whole work.
For the most of the results it has been proved that a base affects the intensity of growth and yield. The biggest growth area strain (cm2) had a variety 'Cumulus' on rootstock M 26, but on the rootstock M 9 the increase was significantly lower. When assessing absolute yield the highest values were observed in a variety 'Red Spring' on rootstock M 26, followed by the yield of variety 'Slendera' on rootstock M 26. The lowest yield was observed in cultivar 'Cumulus' on M 9. In these cases, we can confirm the influence of rootstock of variety. When evaluating the specific yield on increase strain the highest yield was at varieties 'Red Spring' on M 26, followed by a variety 'Slendera', where the yield was greater on the rootstock M 9. Here it is impossible to unequivocally confirm that the rootstock M 26 has a higher yield than the rootstock M 9.
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Analysis of trends in the number and structure of the insured in the Czech Republic
Andrysíková, Hana ; Procházková, Radka (advisor) ; Marcela, Marcela (referee)
The topic of the thesis is analysis of number and structure development of insured people in Czech Republic. The first part of the thesis is defined by terms related to relevant topic. The second part of the thesis is focused on statistical analysis of selected indicators of development of structure and insured people from 2004 to 2014, done by methods of elementary characteristic of time series, trend functions and extrapolation of statistical analyzes. The last part of the thesis is based on values obtained by statistical analysis of single indicators and provides a complete overview of the number of people insured by selected insurance companies, on which basis an estimation of future trends of number of insured people is done.
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