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Human rights in Islam: Comparation of the status of women in Turkey and Saudi Arabia
Poustková, Karolína ; Lehmannová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Šabacká, Yvona (referee)
The thesis studies the human rights in Islam and evaluates them in concrete comparison of Muslim women's position in two different Muslim countries. It approaches two main human rights concepts: universalism and cultural relativism and describes the system and structure of Islamic law which determine all Muslims and Muslim society and therefore human rights perception itself. The diploma work follows two main goals:1) analysis of human rights from Islamic perspective, namely by its confrontation with prevalent universal model of human rights and 2) comparison of the status of Muslim woman in Turkey and Saudi Arabia. The thesis is logically divided into four consequential parts. First two chapters introduce to theoretical issues of human rights and Islamic religion, the two other pivotal parts are concentrated on the above mentioned set goals. The objectivity of the thesis should be ensured by using various foreign-language sources of information from which studies and reports of international organizations such as United Nations, Human Rights Watch or Amnesty International form a considerable part.
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Syntactic constancy of the object between English and Czech in fiction and academic prose
Slunečková, Lenka ; Dušková, Libuše (advisor) ; Malá, Markéta (referee) ; Urbanová, Ludmila (referee)
The present study investigates the constancy of the syntactic function of the object between English and Czech. Syntactic constancy is understood as identical syntactic representation of lexical items in parallel texts taken from different languages. The analysis of instances of syntactic divergence is carried out in order to test the assumption that syntactic structure is hierarchically subordinate to the information structure, i.e. the universal validity of the principle of end focus. The two languages under study, English and Czech, provide typologically suitable subject matter in representing, respectively, an analytic and an inflectional language system which involve different hierarchies of the word order principles. 1 In contrast to previous research, the present treatment is based on a substantially larger corpus (1000 divergent instances) and includes two different stylistic varieties, fiction and academic prose. These two novel aspects are considered to be relevant not only for verifying or modifying the findings obtained from studies investigating other clause elements2 and/or based on fiction alone, but also, more importantly, for capturing and specifying other potential factors conducive to syntactic divergence both in different languages and in different styles.
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The Austro-hungarian foreign service between 1868-1918
Králová, Hana ; Županič, Jan (advisor) ; Zářický, Aleš (referee) ; Tejchman, Miroslav (referee)
1 Mgr. Hana Králová Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Arts THE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN FOREIGN SERVICE BETWEEN 1868-1918 Abstract Emerging from the reforms of the second half of the 18th century, the body of loyal civil servants gradually transformed itself into an efficient bureaucratic machine, which fully ensured the operation of the multinational Habsburg Monarchy until its disintegration. For many, a position within the civil service went hand in hand with attaining a certain prestige and rank within society, although the financial situation of lower and even mid - ranking civil servants was problematic at best. The foreign service, especially its diplomatic and central administration branch, undoubtedly ranked among the most prestigious parts of the civil service. Candidates, apart from being required to have the necessary level of educational attainment, were subject to a rigorous selection process focusing especially on their language skills. The diplomatic service also maintained its exclusivity by requiring candidates to provide proof of sufficient income, which limited access to candidates from among the wealthy elite, that is especially from among the traditional and new nobility a s well as from among the well-off individuals of bourgeois descent. The research has, however, also shown that...
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Analytical Evaluation of Drugs and Drug Candidates from the Group of Iron Chelating Agents
Stariat, Ján ; Klimeš, Jiří (advisor) ; Šatínský, Dalibor (referee) ; Šišpera, Luděk (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control Candidate Mgr. Ján Stariat Supervisor Prof. RNDr. Jiří Klimeš, CSc. Title of Doctoral Thesis Analytical evaluation of drugs and drug candidates from the group of iron chelating agents High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) ranks among the most important analytical techniques in the field of pharmaceutical analysis thanks to its robustness and the ability to separate and qualitatively and quantitatively analyse the compounds presented in various samples. The ongoing progress in the development of novel stationary phases and detection techniques allows rapid analysis and to get comprehensive characterization of the analytes presented in the complex samples even at very low concentrations. Cancer still remains a leading cause of death, thus the need for novel, efficient treatment strategies is of crucial importance. The mechanism based on iron chelation (Fe) inside the tumour cells represents one of the most promising strategy which could enhance the prognosis of patients suffering from cancer resistant to standard chemotherapy. Thiosemicarbazone iron chelators are currently under intensive development as novel anticancer drugs. Their strong antiproliferative...
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Distribution Agreement in the International Business Law
Navrátilová, Gabriela ; Pauknerová, Monika (advisor) ; Dolanská Bányaiová, Lucie (referee) ; Poláček, Bohumil (referee)
of Dissertation Title: Distribution Agreement in the International Business Law Author: Mgr. Gabriela Navrátilová Tutor: Prof. JUDr. Monika Pauknerová, CSc, DSc. Legal Field: Law Institution: Charles University 1. The dissertation is divided in two parts, the first part is interested in the distribution agreement from the practical and theoretical point of view. Explication of the title distribution agreement is the substantive suppose for the understanding this institute in the field of the international business law. 2. The first part is based on the definitions of the title distribution agreement, legal provisions of each member states of the European Union, comparison and franchising agreement, with which the distribution agreement is compared. This part is divided into the divisions about distribution agreement (A), franchising agreement (B) and comparison of distribution franchising agreement. 3. Division about distribution agreement specified the legal provisions on the distribution according to the legal system of the Czech Republic, EU with the specialization on the article 4 Regulation Rome I, it investigates the rules decisive for the application of the conflicting rules of law - direct method. After that there is the legal analyze of the distribution agreement as the two or more...
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Interactions between Drugs, Medicinal Plants and Substances of Natural Orgin
Kavková, Kateřina ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor) ; Hrdina, Radomír (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacognosy Candidate: Kateřina Kavková Consultant: Doc. PharmDr. Lenka Tůmová, CSc. Title of Thesis: Interactions between drugs, medicinal plants and substances of natural origin This rigorous thesis created overview of herb-drug interactions. Cited literature includes articles published in the journals (British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology), periodicals and internet databases (Web of Science, Science Direct) since April 2007 till June 2010. Of the total 123 medicinal plants the largest amount of interactions was recorded at Hypericum perforatum (30,96 %), Ginkgo biloba (15,48 %), Piper nigrum (9,68 %). Herbs interact mostly with anticoagulants (30,08 %), especially thanks to warfarin; analgetics including antipyretics and NSAIDs (21,95 %); and antidiabetics (18,69 %). In the period 2002 - 2007 the leader interaction position had anticoagulants, too, followed by antihypertensives and acetylsalicyl acid. Interactions can be influenced by interindividual differences, at the test-level there depends on test-sensitivity, concentration of tested drugs and herbs. The number of interactions is increasing. It is neccesary to deal with interactions, increase know-how, reduce mistakes among patients and health-care...
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Result/inference discourse connectives in academic texts
Tomešová, Klára ; Malá, Markéta (advisor) ; Brůhová, Gabriela (referee)
The present thesis compares the use of result/inference discourse connectives in two corpora compiled by the author. The student corpus consists of 43 literary essays by Czech university students of English and American studies and the reference corpus contains 34 journal articles written by native expert writers. The main objective of the thesis was to determine to what extent students resemble professional writers in their use of result/inference connectives with respect to the frequency, position and scope of the connectives. The thesis revealed a strong overall overuse of result/inference connectives by students as well as overuse and underuse of individual connectives. It was also found that both types of writers generally prefer initial to non-initial placement of result/inference connectives; however, students more frequently use the connectives with the immediate scope.
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Current status and future perspectives of the number and structure of primary health care physicians in the Czech Republic
Šídlo, Luděk ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Langhamrová, Jitka (referee) ; Hnilicová, Helena (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE Faculty of Science Department of Demography and Geodemography CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES OF THE NUMBER AND STRUCTURE OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PHYSICIANS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC Synopsis of Ph.D. Thesis Luděk Šídlo 2010 Thesis Director: RNDr. Tomáš Kučera, CSc. 3 Introduction, definition of the problem studied, data resources Demographic aging of physicians in the Czech Republic has recently become a frequently discussed issue, especially in connection with the reduction of availability of needed medical care. Most discussed aspects are primary health care, while this debate is rather on the pages of daily newspapers than among the interested institutions. This illustrates the fact that currently there are no studies or conceptual material for the issues of demographic aging of doctors examined. And this was also the reason which became one of the impulses that led to the elaboration of this theme. Primary health care has had throughout the whole health system a very crucial position, despite the fact that its definition goes back to the end of the seventies of the last century (WHO conference in Alma-Ata in 1978). Neverthelles, the primary health care has still been waiting for an embodiment into the Czech legislation. It is the care that should be the primary point of...
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Ancient Greek literature in Finland
Peterová, Veronika ; Fárová, Lenka (advisor) ; Velkoborsky, Jan Petr (referee)
The thesis entitled Ancient Greek Literature in Finland concentrates on translations of Ancient Greek literature in Finland from the eldest times till present. The thesis monitors teaching of ancient Greek at Finnish secondary schools and universities from the beginnings till 1918 and handles the position of the most important translators of Ancient Greek literature on generally conceived Finnish cultural, literary and political field.
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Tertiary technical schools in the Czech education system
Slažanský, Tibor ; Rýdl, Karel (advisor) ; Pol, Milan (referee) ; Kovařovic, Jan (referee)
This work deals with problems of the higher professional study. The goal of this work is to make a professional judgement about status of higher professional study within the Czech educational systém on the basis of an analysis of selected problems from its implementation. First, reflections on higher professional schools in public sources are evaluated. Open to public materials of the statě officials work - the Parliament, the government, the president and the Constitutional Court were analysed, together with the whole year 2005 issues of the nation-wide newspaper Mladá Fronta Dnes and the professional periodical Učitelské Noviny. Secondly, a comparative analysis of the legislative defínition of higher professional study with secondary and university studies was made, followed by an analysis of secondary education of the applicants for higher professional education. The finál part evaluates an extent of higher professional education being realized within one school subject together with a secondary professional one. Interconnected carrying out of the secondary and higher professional studies within the same subject is measured on the basis of comparing a number of pupils, students, the extent of teaching of particular teachers and utilization of classrooms in the school. In all above stated questions a...
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