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The family as a partner in the nursing process
GREGOROVÁ, Jana
Cooperation between a client?s family members and the medical staff in a nursing process is very important. It is beneficial in particular for the cilent since his/her family (especially in mental terms) and are able to put themselves in the cilent?s role. The family should support the hospitalized family member and show active participation in the nursing process, which should also be made possible by the medical staff. While providing nursing care, the medical staff pays their attention not only to the ill client but also to his/her family. Within the scope of the cooperation with the family they provide support and information. They have to ensure that not only the patient but also all his/her family members understand the disease, the treatment process and the consequences arising from the aforesaid for the family?s function. They also assess whether after ending the hospitalization the family is able to provide the aftercare at home or whether it is necessary to find another option of care after the patient?s discharge. The objective of the thesis was to ascertain whether the family participates in nursing of the hospitalized client. The objective of the thesis has been fulfilled.
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Reduction Modes to 3rd Medical Department in the Treatment of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome and their Effect on the Outcome of Bariatric Operations
Jungová, Ivana ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Haluzík, Martin (referee)
(teze): Úvod: Redukční režimy na 3. interní klinice VFN Praha v léčbě obezity a metabolického syndromu a jejich vliv na úbytek hmotnosti po bariatrické operaci při aplikaci těsně před zákrokem. Metody: Porovnávání shromážděných dat týkajících se redukce hmotnosti v době před a 1 rok po bariatrickém zákroku pro dvě skupiny pacientů. Jedna skupina absolvovala těsně před operativním výkonem redukční pobyt. Druhá skupina byla přijata k operačnímu řešení z ambulantního režimu. Výsledky: Obě skupiny pacientů ve sledované době (1 rok po operaci) svou hmotnost významně redukovaly, vyšší úbytek v kilogramech po roce od zákroku byl zaznamenán u skupiny s redukčním pobytem (23,02 kg), u skupiny bez redukčního pobytu byl průměrný úbytek hmotnosti 21,17 kg. Po porovnání úbytku hmotnosti z průměrné hodnoty životního maxima skupin má významně vyšší redukci skupina s redukčním pobytem (51,9 kg), skupina bez redukčního pobytu redukovala ze svého životního maxima průměrně o 32 kg. Hodnota EWL (Excess Weight Loss) jeden rok po operaci byla vyšší u skupiny bez redukčního pobytu (39,36 %), u skupiny s redukčním pobytem dosáhla hodnoty 33,509 %. Stejně tak hodnotu EBMIL (Excess BMI Loss) měla skupina bez redukčního pobytu vyšší než skupina s redukčním pobytem. Procentuální roční úbytek hmotnosti byl u obou skupin...
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Problems of family integration into the care about a terminally ill client in home background
HLAVÁČKOVÁ, Kateřina
The theoretical part has six chapters: End of life and dying, Palliate care, Home hospice multidisciplinary team, Specific of care about a terminally ill patient in home background, Family and caregivers, Specifics of care about dying people in the CR. The second, practical part is based on qualitative-quantitative research with three goals. The first goal was to define the needs of family members caring about a terminally ill person in domestic background. The second goal was to define the skills of nurses necessary for saturation of the needs of family members caring about a terminally ill person in domestic background, and the last goal was to specify the present drawbacks of the care upon the research results. The following research questions were set in the qualitative part of the research: 1. What factors lead to decision of a family to participate in the care about a terminally ill person in domestic background? 2. What factors prevent families from integration into the care about a terminally ill person in domestic background? 3. What skills are necessary for a nurse in the process of family integration into the care about a terminally ill client in home background? The research sample of the qualitative research consisted of six respondents having experience with care about a dying patient in domestic background. A semi structured interview consisting of six questions was the research method of this part of the thesis. The questions focused on the care about a dying family member in home background. The following hypotheses may be deduced from the research: 1. Giving information to lay caregivers before releasing a terminally ill client to domestic treatment within education contributes to their active involvement in the care. 2. Participation of a mobile hospice team in the care about a terminally ill client in home background contributes to saturation of the needs of certainty and safety of the caregivers. The following hypotheses were set at the beginning of the quantitative research: 1. Respondent?s feeling of inability to participate in the care is an obstacle to the decision to start caring about a terminally ill person in home background. 2. Fear of economic risk is an obstacle to the decision to start caring about a terminally ill person in home background. 3. Utilization of professional services in the care about a terminally ill person in home background depends on awareness of their existence and the extent of services being provided. The research sample consisted of 198 persons from the wide public. The data were collected by means of a questionnaire. The questionnaires examined the readiness of the respondents to decide to start caring about a terminally ill person in home background and their awareness of the existence of institutions providing palliative care in home background. The first two hypotheses were confirmed by the results of the questionnaire research, the third one was not confirmed. A manual for general nurses ?Care about a dying client in home background? and an ?Informational leaflet for laics? deciding on caring about someone close in home background, which form a part hereof, were elaborated upon the results of the research.
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HPLC analysis of dexrazoxane and its metabolites
Dlouhý, Lukáš ; Kovaříková, Petra (advisor) ; Kučera, Radim (referee)
High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is one of the most used separating methods of instrumental analysis enabling both qualitative and quantitative analysis of substances. Anthracyclines are cytotoxic drugs widely used in clinical practice for treatment of hematological malignancies (leucaemias, lymphoms) and solid tumours (stomach, breast, ovarian cancer). Treatment by these drugs has a serious limiting factor, however. This factor is an anthracycline induced cardiotoxicity, which is caused by hydroxyl radicals and other reactive oxygen forms. The main role in their formation play the complexes with iron. Dexrazoxane is a derivate of bisdioxopiperazine, which is used to reduce the cardiotoxic effect of anthracyclines. It is supposed that it takes effect by the means of its active metabolite ADR-925, which works as a substance chelating iron. This mechanism hinders the iron dependant formation of oxygen radicals. This thesis deals with analysis options of dexrazoxane and its hydrolysis products/metabolites on the stationary phase Ascentis HILIC in conditions compatible with mass spectrometric detection (MS). The best results were achieved in conditions of isocratic elution using mobile phases containing 5 mM ammonium formiate with pH 5 or 7 and acetonitrile in ratio 22:78 (v/v). Mobile...
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Assessment of approaches to security risk analysis
Koudela, Radek ; Doucek, Petr (advisor) ; Vachuda, Jan (referee)
Risk management is a process through which organizations are methodically devoted to the risks associated with their activities in order to get the biggest benefit from their business. It is also a rapidly developing field, where there is a variety of different approaches, methods, methodologies and standards in which may be little confusing. Therefore, this work offers a comprehensive and systematic view on the issue of risk analysis and management. Risk analysis is a cornerstone for effective security management of each company used for identification, description and quantification of risks, which should lead to acceptance of suitable measures for risk treatment. That is the reason why it requires a careful and methodical procedure described in this work. The main objective of this work is to analyse different approaches to risk analysis and management and thus highlight the importance of information security and protection of corporate assets. This approaches need to be understood as a different levels of detail of conducted risk analysis which will depend on initial maturity level (according to the CMM -- Capability Maturity Model) of information security process. The theoretical part of this thesis will explain relevant methodologies, techniques and procedure of risk analysis based on the ISO 27005 standard. From this part reader should learn what risk analysis is, what is it used for, how can it be carried out and what standards and methods can be used. The practical part will solve a real risk analysis project, which will demonstrate application of information obtained in the theoretical part.
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Clinical and cost effectiveness of antibiotic treatment of respiratory infections
Bártů, Václava ; Sechser, Tomáš (advisor) ; Homolka, Jiří (referee) ; Marešová, Vilma (referee)
Background. Respiratory tract infections belong among the most frequent inflammatory affections. They are mostly cured as outpatients. Cases with complicated or serious course have to be hospitalized. The aim of the projeet was to evaluate the procedures of physicians of pulmonary department in the diagnosis and therapy of respiratory infections including community acquired pneumonia of inpatients. The drug prescription and its adherence to the positive list were evaluated. Clinical effectivity of therapy was evaluated according to the acquired data and cost effectivity was followed up. Methods. The projeet included 200 patients who were examined and treated according recommended standard guidelines as "usually". All diagnostic and therapeutic activity depends only on the decision of the physician without any intervention. As the patient was accepted and received antibiotics, so immediately he entered the study. The projeet protocol consisted of usual questions on which physician had to response during his deciding diagnostic and therapeutic action. The projeet had non-intervention character. The results of all decisions and examinations were recorded so to the documents of patient as to the protocol of the projeet and at the same moment to the PATS in the order not to be changed. Conclusions. Data analysis...
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Lifestyle adjustment of adolescents diagnosed with cancer and of their siblings
Holcová, Ludmila ; Radvanská, JItka (advisor) ; Matoulek, Martin (referee)
The Bachelor thesis deals with the lifestyle of adolescent patients before and after cancer treatment. Moreover, the thesis examines the influence of this disease on the lifestyle of their siblings. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is more extensive, there are presented the results of theoretical knowledge about nutrition of oncological adolescents after the termination of cancer treatment. These general principles can be used as a prevention of cancer disease. This section also contains the characteristics of adolescence and the issues of cancer disease with children and adolescents. The research summarizes the results obtained from the survey. To determine the changes in eating habits among adolescent cancer patients and their siblings, the quantitative method was used. For the processing, it has been used 20 questionnaires from adolescents and 20 questionnaires from their siblings; all of them were completely filled. The questionnaire designated for patients includes the questions concerning diet, drinking regime, physical activity before and after the treatment, awareness of oncological adolescents and their sources of knowledge. The questionnaire for siblings includes the questions about lifestyle change after their sibling's illness. The aim of this research part was to...
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The issue of discrimination in the work procedure
Volná, Michaela ; Kocianová, Renata (advisor) ; Beneš, Milan (referee)
The theme of the thesis is the current and debated issue of discrimination in the wok procedure. Although the Czech Republic has already implemented the applicable European legislative requirements in its national law and the concept of non-discrimination is - from the labor-law perspective - sufficient, frequent cases of differential treatment and discrimination still exist. The thesis focuses on equal treatment and discrimination in both selected Czech legislative documents and the legislation of the European Community. It focuses in more detail on gender discrimination (the most common form of discrimination) followed by the institutional security of equal treatment, difference in pay between men and women, labor market segregation, the issue of reintegration of women and men into the workplace after maternity or parental leave, representation of women in managerial positions, discrimination against elderly women and sexual harassment in the work environment. Part of the thesis also focuses on possible approaches to solve these problems such as harmonization between work and private life, the company's social responsibility, and Diversity and Age Management.
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Video Confrontation as a Therapy Technique in the Treatment of Eating Disorders
Adámková Ségard, Milena ; Fraňková, Slávka (advisor) ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (referee)
1 Filozofická fakulta Univerzity Karlovy v Praze, Katedra psychologie Název práce: Využití terapeutické techniky video konfrontace v léčbě poruchy příjmu potravy Název práce v angličtině:Video confrontation in the treatment of eating disorders Autor práce: Mgr.Milena Adámková Ségard, Ph.D. Vedoucí práce: Doc. PhDr. Slávka Fraňková, DrSc. Rok odevzdání: 2012 Abstrakt anglicky The goal of this pilot study is to search for a specific influence of the video confrontation technique when used as a therapy for a patient with eating disorder. For the method a questionnaire was chosen which includes semantic differentials and separate sentences. The respondents were selected based on availability. The 26 respondents included in this research were all women diagnosed with anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa. All were hospitalized in an eating disorder unit. The outcome of the study confirmed that video confrontation resulted in the patients describing the picture of their own body less ungainly and they were less ashamed about their own body. The outcome of the study confirmed that video confrontation resulted in the patients with anorexia nervosa describing the picture of their own body as more elegant, attractive, but also more worthless, more ugly and ungainly. In the case of patients with bulimia nervosa a...
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