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Prohibition vs. decriminalization - two different approaches to the drug abuse problem
Tomány, Lubomír ; Šťastný, Daniel (advisor) ; Hudík, Marek (referee)
The main subject of this study is a comparation of two different policies which are used to cope with the drug abuse problem - prohibition and decriminalization. Example is set on the U.S. and the Netherlands. First, each policy is described in detail. Subsequently, both policies are compared according to criteria of the drug use prevalence and the direct costs related with them. The Netherlands, which applies decriminalization, has maintained lower drug use prevalence than the U.S for long time and in almost all kinds of drugs and age groups. Moreover, Netherlands it achieves at the same or lower relative costs. Yet, the higher drug use prevalence does not prove ineffectiveness of policy prohibition. It seems that the U.S. is more likely to have higher prevalence due to more general tendency of using drugs in population. The study also shows that the decriminalization can be linked to increase of drug use that followed its introduction in Netherlands.
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Legal regulation of the protection of plants and animals
Futterová, Alice ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Humlíčková, Petra (referee)
Legal regulation of the protection of plants and animals The subject of this thesis by the title " Legal regulation of the protection of plants and animals" are selected, the most significant legal standards, laying out the problematic of fauna and flora protection and their analysis in order to create a comprehensive scope of fauna and flora legal regulation in situ both on international, European and domestic level of law. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first chapter introduces the structure and extensity of the fauna and flora protection problematic, whereas it contemplates over the term biological diversity. The next chapters successively describe the legal regulations of fauna and flora on the international, European and domestic level of law. The introduction is always there to mention historical development and related standards that have given the present legal regulation its form. It is followed by summary of the most significant standards of the legal regulation in effect. To conclude my thesis, I am summarizing and determining whether the system of legal standards in effect truly results in the objective of legal regulations of fauna and flora protection, primarily in stopping the decrease of biological diversity and its restoration in the future.
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Divination Practices of Christmas Ritual Cycle in the Czech Lands
Rovenská, Kateřina ; Janeček, Petr (advisor) ; Kozák, Jan (referee)
My work presents a typological index of divination practices performed during an interval between the beginning of Advent and Epiphany (Three Kings' Day). This list is made of folk practices known in the Czech lands since advent of Christianity until now. Particular types of divination practices are sorted by goals achieved by divination, not chronologically. Framework of this work is made by general interpretation of the divination itself as cultural practice with introduction to the context of Christian Christmas celebration and also to the problematics of koexistence of Slavic pre-Christian culture with Christian culture in early Middle Ages. Main data use in my work are ethnographic data drawn from books of Č. Zíbrt, J. I. Hanuš and other Czech ethnographers. Theoretical parts are based on works of scholars of religion, folklorists and anthropologists such as M. Eliade, K. J. Erben or K. Richter. KEY WORDS: divination, future, Advent, Christmas, New year, new year, pre-Christian culture, Christian culture, Czech lands
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Securing Taxes with Emphasis on the Institute of the Unreliable Payer
Obrová, Klára ; Karfíková, Marie (advisor) ; Boháč, Radim (referee)
/ Resumé The subject of this rigorous thesis is an overview and an analysis of the current securing institutes in the field of taxation in the Czech legal order. The rigorous thesis is in detail devoted to the institute of the unreliable payer of the value added tax. This paper is divided into two basic parts, which are further divided into chapters and sub- chapters. After a brief introduction, the thesis is opened with an issue of collection and payment of taxes within which the author approaches the tax system in the Czech Republic with emphasis to the interpretation of the value added tax. The next chapter 4 deals with the basic tax securing institutes. The author introduces the ensuring of payment for immature and yet undetermined tax, the lien and the tax advances. In detail, the author presents the institute of liability for unpaid tax, primarily liability of the subscriber for the value added tax. The following chapter 5 briefly introduces the basics of the tax execution. The second part of this thesis deals with an analysis of the institute of the unreliable payer. First of all, it describes the process of introducing this concept into the Czech legal system and its intended goals. Furthermore, the basic characters of the institute are analysed in detail. At the same time, the process of...
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Prologue
Procházka, Jiří ; DAŇHEL, Jan (advisor) ; Brothánek, Adam (referee)
In film, the term “prologue” nowadays denotes almost everything that appears before the opening credits. The meaning of this word is not fixed. This thesis does not define the “prologue” phenomenon and does not wish to describe it in the historical context of art spheres. It deals with the opening scenes at the beginning of a film before the onset of the actual composition of the main story and addresses their functions in the entire dramaturgic structure of the work. To facilitate the apprehension and description of “prologue”, the thesis attempts to generalise the term and classify it into several groups according to defined criteria. It does not set itself the objective of forming a definition but of analysing the dramaturgic structure of a conventionally understood term “prologue” and initiating a discussion on all fronts of the film-making profession about this tool that can do more than just touching up the first few minutes of a film.
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Criminal defences in Czech and Irish criminal law
Kubíčková, Tereza ; Vokoun, Rudolf (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
Criminal defences in Czech and Irish criminal law This thesis deals with the analysis of individual elements of criminal defences under the Czech and Irish criminal legal statutes with respect to the conclusions, which are therefrom drawn in theory and practice. The aim of this thesis is to render an overview concerning the distinctions and similarities in understanding, importance and operating of the defences in different law systems, rather than to present an exhaustive commentary on all legal institutes which exclude illegality and as such come into mind. Regarding the fact that Czech and Irish systems of law are subsumed under different legal systems, particular institutes of criminal defences cannot be based on the same rules, principles and theoretical grounds. It shall be noted, that while Czech criminal law is mainly to be found in a single piece of legislation known as the Criminal Law Act, Irish criminal law on the other hand not only has a separate statutory legislation, but also mainly depends on common law. The subject has been processed under consideration of the present-day legal regulation, whereas particular legal institutes are structured in compliance with the structure of the Czech Criminal Law Act. The topics of origin and development of defences has intentionally not been...
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Purchase and implementation of the Q-Andoni at Škoda Auto joint-stock company
Kellerová, Karolína Melita ; Zelená, Veronika (advisor) ; Váchová, Lucie (referee)
This Bachelor thesis follows up the description of a shopping process in chosen company Škoda Auto joint-stock company and following proposal to raise effectivity, reduce costs and workers loads and finding a way to save money.The theoretical part follows up interpretation of various concepts from the area of purchasing and lean management.The practical part of the thesis follows up the introduction of Škoda Auto joint-stock company and it is being focused on purchasing department and its process, methods and the system usage habits.For better imagination will be the process described and illustrated on test case which concerns purchasing and implementation of Q-Andon system. The Q-Andon system belongs to the area of downsizing production.At the end, I added a recommendation to improve present process to increase effectivity and save more money.
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Global lighting market and a position of the Czech Republic in this market
Šimetková, Tereza ; Gullová, Soňa (advisor) ; Klosová, Anna (referee)
This thesis is focused on the analysis of the global lighting market and the assessment of the current position of the Czech Republic in this market. The first part is devoted to the theoretical introduction in the field of lighting technology. Furthermore, the thesis deals with the relation between lighting market and energy sector, especially with regard to energy efficiency policy. The market analysis is concentrated primarily on general lighting, which forms the largest and the most important lighting market segment. The development of the Czech lighting market is then discussed in the context of the global as well as the European market. Additionally, the thesis includes analysis of current trends in lighting technology and research conducted among manufacturers of lighting.
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Advantages and disadvantages of common currency euro in the current crisis ( on the example of Slovak Republic)
Pohorelcová, Mária ; Koderová, Jitka (advisor) ; Gevorgyan, Kristine (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to assess the impact of the introduction of the euro on the Slovak economy during the global economic crisis. The work is divided into three chapters. The first chapter presents short historical development of the euro and the process of integration within the European area, leading to the creation of economic and monetary union. The second chapter presents a technically and administratively demanding process of preparing for the new currency. The progress in the implementation of fiscal and nominal convergence criteria conditioning the membership in the euro area is also evaluated. The third chapter provides an analysis of selected advantages and disadvantages of euro. Compares the forecasts of the National Bank of Slovakia with the actual development of the Slovak economy in the context of the ongoing crisis.
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The Theory of Coalitions in the Context of Elections to the Regional Board of Representatives in 2000 and 2004
Slámová, Klára ; Just, Petr (advisor) ; Jüptner, Petr (referee)
The master thesis "The theory o f coalitions in the context o f elections to the regional board o f representatives in 2000 and 2004 " deals with formation of executive bodies at the regional level. The theory of coalitions, concerned exclusively with coalitions at the national level, is applied herein to a lower political level. This is contributed by the fact that in the Czech Republic the regional (as well as municipal) level operates on the same basis as the national level. The legislative body - the board of representatives - disposes of the direct mandate; from it the executive - the council - draws its own mandate. Thus, the effort to transpose the theory of coalitions to a specific environment of regional politics is hereby facilitated. This thesis commences with a theoretical introduction in which the theory of coalitions is presented, focused on the typology of coalition governments. The work follows with an analysis of the institutional aspect of regional politics. The regions as the new regional authorities of self-government needed to establish not only their structure of organization and certain powers, but also the electoral system through which the main body of the region would be filled. Following the theoretical introduction, emphasis is put on the examination of each region (within two...
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