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Tobacco products, their composition, adverse health effects and prevention
Faustová, Lenka ; Bártová, Jiřina (advisor)
Modern time pose heavy claims to people in career as well as in personal sphere; which move towards increasing one's stress. Not anybody can bear up against stress well, therefore people often "helps" themselves by smoking tobacco. The "help" often comes to a nicotine dependency, which seemingly fights against the stress. Children start smoking sooner and sooner. The score is ill-timed knowing about health hazards and recently growing busyness of their parents who spend less time with children and education becomes ineffective. This study should help you to get compact view of tobacco problem, its impressions and incidence to organism and shows some possibilities how to give up smoking. It also affects nonsmokers preventively.
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The language and culture of Finnish immigrants and their descendants in North America
Chromý, Jan ; Fárová, Lenka (advisor) ; Lindroosová, Hilkka (referee)
According to the statistics approximately 1,1 % of the American nation has its roots in Finland. This is mainly the consequence of mass emigration, which concerned the whole Europe during the 19th century, including Finland. Due to the conditions in their homeland, which had been absolutely unfavourable for living, thousands of Finnish citizens left for North America. In the beginning their destination was the USA, but later Canada became more desirable. There were large Finnish communities (over 30 000 people) in the states of Michigan and Minnesota in 1930 and even in 2000 thousands of Americans acknowledge Finnish ancestry. Thanks to their certain aloofness and "introvert nature" the original communities, which do not exist any more, had created a very interesting social and cultural phenomenon, of which the language was a significant part. This dialect of the Finnish language, strongly influenced by English, provides a unique chance to research the impacts of the contact of isolating English and strongly agglutinative Finnish. There is no specialized publication or even a study on this topic in the Czech language. This work aims to fill the gap at least with the basic information about the historical, cultural and mainly language development of the Finnish immigrants and their descendants in...
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Problems of car-driving under alcohol intoxication focused on the driver risking behaviour
Matějková, Radka ; Reichelová, Lenka (referee) ; Šucha, Matúš (advisor)
The bachelor's work is focused on car-driving under alcohol intoxication. This work considers a risky behaviour of drivers related to alcohol consuming and reasons which lead to hazardous behaviour on the roads. It also informs about possible risks and consequences connected with this problems and statistic survey of accidents due to driving under alcohol influence. This work further informs about an alcohol influence on a human, about possibilities of prevention in traffic, and about generally attitude of Czech society to this legal drug. The survival part addressed two hundred volunteers who filled my questionnaire out. One hundred and nine people were used as a representative sample to ilustrate the situtation connected to driving under alcohol intoxication. The survival is concerned on pesonal features of the volunteers and on circumstences which determined the volunteers who drank alcohol and then drove. The survival realized on the base of the questionnaire which was either delivered by e-mail or personally. The result of this 6 survival is informations which describes a driver who tends to accept the risk of alcohol driving and resons which can be reponsible for alcohol driving.
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The Impacts of the Hurricane Katrina on Lower Social Class: the Disclosure of a More Common Problem
Marková, Kateřina ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Calda, Miloš (referee)
The diploma thesis "The Impacts of the Hurricane Katrina on lower social class: the disclosure of a more common problem" deals with the case study of consequences of a natural disaster on the American society in the city of New Orleans. Even though Katrina hit the region in 2005, the thesis is describing also the situation before the hurricane, which led to the adjustment of current social conditions. The main aim of the paper is to introduce the situation of the American lower class to the Czech reader and to show the results of an unsolved problem. The thesis is divided into five parts. The first one deals with the sociological definitions of the social class and its connections with race and natural disasters. The second part is the case study itself, how people handled the situation and which decisions from the past led to the breach of levees. The third part describes the immediate response of federal, state and local governments and the fourth part deals with long-term effects. The last part shows the international reaction and possible change in the view on the United States.
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Comparation of influence of financial and economical crisis on national stock markets
Voldřich, Karel ; Witzany, Jiří (advisor) ; Witzany, Jiří (referee)
The main objective of this thesis is to define how financial crises influenced different national stock markets, such as Czech Republic, Federal Republic of Germany and People's Republic of China. I compare movements and behaviour of american and national indices and thus I want to declare the influence. I look for parallels and try to find their explanation according to market characteristics. In theoretical part I discuss structure and characteristics of financial and stock market and using this knowledge I look for causes and describe the american financial crises. The image of consequence between chosen countries is at the end completed by statistical analysis. Graphs and pictures needed to illustrate the movement of stock indices are to be found in the thesis.
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The Role of the United States in International trade
Perničková, Adéla ; Štěrbová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Zamykalová, Miroslava (referee)
In my work I am focusing on the role of the United States of America in International trade. In the first chapter I deal with the history of the foreign policy of the USA. In the second chapter I describe the basics principles of the trade agreements between the United States of America and other countries or group of countries. The third chapter is devoted to trade relationships between the USA and the main business partners -- the European Union, the People's Republic of China, the Russian Federation and Mercosur. The last chapter characterized the role of the USA in the 21st century.
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Democracy and "Identity": a Study of Relations on the Example of African-American Civil Rights Movement.
Chvátal, Jiří ; Knotková - Čapková, Blanka (advisor) ; Kotábová, Věra (referee)
The text concentrates on two important phenomenons of contemporary world: "democracy" and "identity". Its two main questions are: (I) Is the development of "open identities" desirable in "democratic states"? (II) What kind of conditions is favorable to this development? Answering to these questions is divided into two parts: theoretical inquiry and practical investigation of the Civil Rights Movement. The theoretical part focuses on the notions of "universalism" and "project of identity". It argues that we should be cautious when we encounter with the claims of universality because they may serve as a cloak of exclusion and legitimize political actions. "Projects of identity" are visions which ascribe certain characteristics to categories of people and try to represent and/or activate them; they are connected not only with excluded but with excluders as well and we may judge them according to specific criterias that are presented in the text. The practical section deals with the african-american Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and the 1960s and studies concrete "projects of identity" as they were articulated by African Americans. Firstly it is concerned with the nature of their exclusion, secondly it pays attention to three représentants of given era (Martin Luther King, Malcolm X, and Stokely...
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Tensions Within the Abolitionist Movement in the United States of America
Dvořáková, Irena ; Procházka, Martin (advisor) ; Veselá, Pavla (referee)
The thesis deals with the abolitionist movement in the United States of America and approaches it as an internally disunited movement. It focuses on the conflicts between its most influential representatives, including William Lloyd Garrison and Frederick Douglass. Different motives of the anti-slavery leaders' involvement in the matter are analyzed and used to explain the arguments among these. Attention is given to the problem of racial oppression as one of the main forces having determined not only the development of the abolitionist movement but also the events following the 1865 Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, mostly the rise of the Black nationalism movement and of black racism. Even though many abolitionists saw slavery as based on racism and, therefore, endeavored to reach its abolition, in practice, many of them refused to acknowledge racial equality between white and African American people. This paradox is one of the central problems of American abolitionism examined in the thesis. The first three chapters discuss abolitionist ideas of William Lloyd Garrison, Frederick Douglass, and David Walker with focus on their distinct and opposing views. The fourth chapter deals with the emancipation of women as it was closely linked to the emancipation of slaves; the...
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An Analysis of Speech Problems in Persons with Parkinson?s Disease
Šimonková, Ivona ; Housarová, Blanka (advisor) ; Voldřichová, Michaela (referee)
The thesis deals with the diagnosis of impaired communication ability of patients suffering from Parkinson's disease. The theoretical part surveys the up to now knowledge of Parkinson's disease, speech problems connected with Parkinson's disease and specific possibilities of logopaedic diagnosis. In the practical part the speech of people suffering from Parkinson's disease is assessed. Dysarthric speech impairments are assessed in relation to the length of Parkinson's disease. Test 3F (used for diagnosing dysarthric patients) is used to examine a group of people suffering from Parkinson's disease. The people are divided into three groups according to the length of their disease.
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Personal Income Taxation in the Czech Republic and the United States of America
Doubravová, Lucie ; Rytířová, Lucie (advisor) ; Tepperová, Jana (referee)
This diploma thesis describes the topic of personal income taxation in the Czech Republic compared to the United States of America and on the case studies it compares the tax burden of the family with two children earning average income from employment in the Czech Republic and in the United States of America. The aim is to prove that the results comply with the OECD statistics saying that the tax burden difference between those two states is approximately the same. The fractional aim is to examine if the tax burden for the same family with the above-average employment income in the United States is much higher that it can be one of the motives why people enter or leave different labour markets. The second case study focuses on the differences in the taxation of the different tax return categories of the taxpayers and confirms the theory that the average benefit of 450 USD per year appears with taxpayers filing the married filing jointly tax return. The thesis also describes the international taxation basics with the Double tax treaty and the concepts of tax residence and taxation principles such as tax equity and efficiency.
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