|
Study of persistence phenomenon at Staphylococcus aureus
Kubištová, Lucie ; Lichá, Irena (advisor) ; Melter, Oto (referee)
Staphylococcus aureus is human pathogen and is causative factor of many diseases with different character, from light infections of the skin to life-threatening sepsis. S. aureus often colonizes cystic fibrosis patient's lungs and causes long-standing pneumonia, which can cause death in these patients. Infection caused by S. aureus are, as most of the infections, treated with antibiotics. Failure in treatment is caused because of presence of resistant strains. It was shown, that treatment failure can be caused by different type of the antibiotic tolerance - by the persistence. Persisters are phenotypic variants of isogenic bacterial population, that is unaffected by antibiotic treatment even though they don't have genetics determinants of the resistance. The phenomenon of the persistence in bacteria is still relatively poorly understood. The aim of my thesis was to contribute to the characterization of the persistence in S. aureus. We have optimized a method for rapid identification of persisters' amount in the bacterial population after treatment with antibiotics using the method of measuring the killing curves. We have found out, that exposure to osmotic stress causes increase in number of persistence in the bacterial population by 1 - 2,5 order. Using quantitative PCR method we have analyzed the...
|
|
The Evolution and the Limits of the Copyright Protection in the Global Information Society
Andruško, Alena ; Kříž, Jan (advisor) ; Dobřichovský, Tomáš (referee) ; Pítra, Vladimír (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE Faculty of Law Institute of Copyright, Industrial Property Rights and Competition Law DOCTORAL DISSERTATION The Evolution and the Limits of the Copyright Protection in the Global Information Society ABSTRACT Author: Mgr. Alena Andruško Supervisor: Prof. JUDr. Dr. iur. h. c. Jan Kříž, CSc. Field of Study: Civil Law Theoretical Legal Science Year: 2015 ABSTRACT Copyright law is one of the branches of law that has become, with the development of the Internet, the center of interest for different types of stakeholders in the global information society. With the evolution of "Web 2.0", sometimes called the "Participative Web", represented by user-generated content (UGC), and also with the evolution of peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing and recently cyberlockers, the effectiveness of copyright protection online has become a problem where solutions can be found only with difficulty. Online copyright infringement is a complex phenomenon with a multiplicity of contributing factors. To see and understand these factors one must not only know and understand the territorial and international legal rules governing copyright, but also know and understand the online ecosystem in which copyright infringement takes place, which is impossible without knowing the history, evolution and technical...
|
|
Creating lobbying strategies of NGOs - the case of Amnesty International France
Mydlilová, Jana ; Tomalová, Eliška (advisor) ; Matějka, Ondřej (referee)
The aim of this Master thesis is to find out whether the lobbying carried out by Amnesty International France as NGO is different from the lobbying carried out by professional lobbying organizations, which means the organizations which promote primarily the interests of its own members. From the general theory of lobbying and theory of lobbying of NGOS the tools for creating pressure on politics was chosen and factors which could influence usage of these tools were identified. Then it was verified if these tools are really used by Amnesty International France and by which factors the tools are picked up. Expected result of this research was that lobbing of Amnesty International France as NGO is specific because of different circumstances, reasons and goals of lobbying from the professional lobbying. From the results of interpretation of Amnesty International France's documents and interviews with persons involved in the lobbying strategy imply that this NGO really choose some different tools from professional lobbying and is influenced by different factors. But there are also similarities.
|
|
A Theory of Fictive Worlds and Interpretation
Chaloupka, Tomáš ; Jedličková, Alice (advisor) ; Peterka, Josef (referee)
Cílem této práce je "operacionalizací" pojmů teorie fikčních světů prověřit interpretační potenciál této teorie. Zjišťujeme, nakolik nám umožní popsat uspořádání fikčních světů konstruovaných fantastickými prózami Julia Cortázara a Gabriela Garcíi Márqueze. Zabýváme se především otázkou, zda jsou to heterogenní světy, rozdělené do více nesourodých domén s odlišnými modálními podmínkami, nebo jeden hybridní světy, které v sobě integrují přirozené i nadpřirozené, a jaká je role fantastické události v jejich významové výstavbě. Márquezovy a Cortázarovy prózy jsou z hlediska výstavby fikčního světa odlišné. V Cortázarových fantastických povídkách dochází k setkání dvou neslučitelných soukromých světů, fantastická situace pak vzniká znejistěním hranice mezi textovým skutečným světem a virtuálním světem ve vědomí fikční osoby. Iracionálno je tu tedy jakousi hlubší dimenzí, kterou je dáno prožít jen disponovaným jedincům a která znejišťuje (avšak nepopírá, protože situace zůstává až do konce dvojznačná) náš jednoznačný výklad světa. Naproti tomu u Márqueze je nadpřirozeno jednoznačně součástí textového skutečného světa. Fikční svět jeho děl prošel vývojem. V dílech nejsilněji spjatých s poetikou magického realismu se přirozené a nadpřirozené prolínají v rámci jednoho nedělitelného světa a nadpřirozené neporušuje,...
|
|
Analysis of the structure and the progression of companies on the ICT market in the Czech republic
Obrázek, Michal ; Benáčanová, Helena (advisor) ; Koubský, Petr (referee)
This work analyses the structure and the progression of the ICT market in the Czech republic. The first part deal with czech ICT market segmentation with regards to different methods of particular institutions. The next chapter describes specific environment of the Czech republic, factors and conditions influencing the ICT market and companies progression. It is especially focused on macroeconomic development, policy in relation to ICT market, grant policy, flow of foreign direct investment, availability of labour force and relevant information technologies. The work also analyses market progression and related economic indicators such as a market volume measured by expenditures into ICT products and services and share of these expenditures in total GDP as well as expenditures per one employee. In addition it offers a view of progression of foreign trade with ICT products. The main part of this work deal with the structure of companies on the information a communication technology market in the Czech republic. The aim of this part is to analyze basic structural indicators such as number of active firms a its structure in accordance with their residence, legal entity and time of estabilishment, number of employees, revenues per employee or value added generated in ICT sector. The chapter also contains survey of firms from relevant ICT segments ordered by achieved annual turnover.
|
|
Social innovations and their impact in Czech social economy
Piatková, Adéla ; Dohnalová, Marie (advisor) ; Hrabětová, Jaroslava (referee)
The main topic of this thesis is social innovation and its impact on its target group in the context of Czech social economy. Social innovation should represent new and better ways to address social problems. Social innovation can take more forms (new products, services, rules, types of organizations, etc.). There is no one form of social innovation. Even though social innovation can be found in any sector, this thesis considers social economy to be the best environment, where social innovation can strive, because it can use market based mechanism as its social mission. Social innovation used in the research of this work is an example of good practice, from the area of social economy, with lasting impact, which can be studied. The example used in this thesis is the Czechitas Association. In order to understand social innovation phenomena and its impact, this thesis utilizes case study design as a research method. To reach the given goal, the case study uses multiple data sources as documents, interviews and a questionnaire for employees of the association and a questionnaire for the target group. Key words: social innovation, social impact, social value, social economy, social enterprise, Czechitas
|
|
ERP Systems For the Tertiary Sector of Economy - PSA
Hájek, Martin ; Mildeová, Stanislava (advisor) ; Benešovský, Martin (referee)
The main goal of this thesis is to introduce philosophy of PSA (Professional Services Automation) solutions, their benefits, structure and possible future and to describe, why and how were PSA systems developed. Inasmuch as PSA systems originally evolved from ERP systems and their current progress is very similar to the late progress of ERPs, I decided to focus my analyses on ERP systems and to use the relevant conclusions on PSA solutions. The opening chapter of the thesis (chapter 3) introduces and describes philosophy and history of ERP systems, chapter 4 then describes PSA solutions. The fifth part is addressed to the current ERP market, from which a picture of future PSA market can be derived. Practical part 6, which I consider as the primary contribution of this thesis, analyzes some dimensions of PSA in the light of future evolution of this kind of solution. It also defines some factors, that may help to increase positive effects of PSA solutions to service-oriented companies. The thesis is then closed with an example of a real PSA implementation on an engineering company (chapter 7).
|
|
The usage of derivatives in order to hedge th exchange rate risk
Vrubel, Tomáš ; Taušer, Josef (advisor) ; Štěrbová, Ludmila (referee)
This thesis proposes to the reader the solution of how to quantify and later eliminate the exchange rate risk using the zero cost option strategies. First chapter is dedicated the conception of the exchange rate risk, to its structure and the potential elimination of the sub- risks. Second chapter deals with the methods of quantification of the exchange rate risk. In this chapter a traditional method and Value at risk are mentioned. Third chapter defines the terms- derivative, option, main option positions, factors influencing the option premium and its importance via making option strategies and taking decisions whether to hedge or not. Last chapter uses all the pieces of knowledge in practice. Several zero cost strategies are shown here also with the illustrative examples.
|
|
Developing a Czech version of the Resilicence to Trauma Scale - Research Edition
Blažková, Barbora ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor) ; Niederlová, Markéta (referee)
5 Abstract Resilience, stressing out the positive aspects of personality and ways of finding sources of support for the development of the internal forces of an individual despite challenging life circumstances has been receiving more and more attention recently from both professionals and the public. Results of the resilience research are affecting theoretical concepts, however, also the areas of intervention, psychotherapy, counseling and prevention programs as well. The subject of theoretical part of the thesis was the introduction to theoretical concepts of resilience and topics related to it. A special attention has been paid to the resilience to the trauma, as well as the results of research concerning resilience sources, risk and protective factors. The specifics of resilience relating to a given age group were discussed in the theoretical part. The subject of the empirical part was to develop a Czech version of the Resilience to Trauma Scale - Research Edition (RTS-RE) and its explorative analysis in order to create a pilot version, which could become a basis for subsequent wider use in research on resilience. For these purposes two other methods were used in addition to the Czech translation of RTS-RE, namely: Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and the Personal Views Survey (PVS). The results of...
|
|
Slope stability calculations for small dams
Hajda, Jindřich ; Hodák,, Jiří (referee) ; Říha, Jaromír (advisor)
There are approximately 20 000 small dams in the Czech Republic. This number entails many ponds or small flood attenuation reservoirs, which provide protection against floods. We do not know much about the structure and material properties of these earth dikes. Concerning the small dam stability the current technical standard ČSN 75 2410 focuses foremost on the angle of both the upstream and downstream slopes in case of different materials, and the method of the stability assessment in case of a dam height being 6m or more. Most of these earth dikes are still standing in spite not being built according to any technical standards. They do not follow any standards mostly because they were built before the modern technical standards were published. This diploma thesis focuses on assigning the degree of a reserve in the safety factor for studies of 5 homogeneous earth dikes and 3 inhomogeneous earth dikes. The calculation was done using the Plaxis 2D software using to the shear strength reduction method. The Calculation of the safety degree is made for 4 typical load cases.
|
guest ::
