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Shape changes in the axial system during respiration
Slawiková, Eliška ; Šorfová, Monika (advisor) ; Dudová, Agnieszka (referee)
The name of the work: Shape changes in the axial system during respiration Goal of the work: the main objective is to perform a case study of brass parameters and changes the shape of the trunk during the ventilation maneuver, prepare the correct methodology of research and to conduct separate measurements. The thesis will be divided into two parts, the first will contain the theoretical background to the subject, in the second part will then be described by the research, where I measured the change in the volume of the lungs in relation to time, assess the impact of implemented ventilation maneuver on the individual probands and examine the respiratory dynamics in selected ventilation maneuver. Methods: in the framework of the fulfilment of the tasks of this work have been carried out experiments with the use of 3D kinematic record with Qualisys and spirometric measurement. The experiment involved three probands aged 20 to 40 specific common features. Each of the proband performed during the measurement of quiet breathing, maximum inhalation and exhalation and ventilation maneuver. Measurements were carried out in one day under standard conditions, measurements made on the day of probands quiet breathing, maximum inhalation and exhalation and ventilation maneuver (5 min total). Data records were...
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Lifestyle of the Third Age University Students
HOLICKÁ, Monika
Lifestyle of the University of the Third Age listeners The thesis as a whole is written in the spirit of the quality of senior life and active spending an old age. First chapter ? Current status - represents the theoretical frame of the thesis which introduces the reader with the key issues essential for the correct understanding of the work. In its´ main subchapters are described demographical development and the population aging, life quality of senior people and social security in old age. Special chapter is dedicated to the tools of an active old age where the both national and international activities on this field are described, the types of senior organizations such as Active seniors clubs or People´s universities are divided, and separate chapter deals with the education of senior people including the description of educational activities like University of the Third Age or the Academy of the Third Age. The last part of mentioned chapter is dedicated to functions, targets and positive results of the senior people education. Remaining chapters concern the qualitative research. In the chapter two the objective of the thesis is defined, including the main and component research questions. The objective of the thesis is to describe the lifestyle of the senior people who participate on the educational activities within the University of the Third Age (U3V). Specifically to describe how their lifestyle differs unlike to the senior people who does not attend the educational courses via U3V and which positive benefits the study brings. The secondary objective is to determine the factors that impede these senior people to attend the Universities of the Third Age. Third chapter refers to the detailed description of the research methodology. The qualitative attitude with the research design of the case study was chosen for this thesis. I used the moderated interview method and the semi-structured interview for the data collecting and right after the framework analysis was chosen in order to process gathered data. To evaluate the data I used the case comparison method. This chapter also includes the description of the research sample selection and also its characteristics. Forth chapter presents the results of evaluated interviews. Whereas the research file was divided into three groups, also these results have a structure of three separated subchapters. The summary of gathered key knowledge is mentioned at the end of this chapter. I managed to identify the base differences in particular branches of senior people lifestyles between senior people that attend the U3V educational activities, those who don´t and the senior people participate in the Active senior clubs thanks to the comparison of the particular case studies. It is possible briefly to say that the result shows us that the U3V study has no influence on the softening of the feeling of loneliness, although the important role of the U3V in senior people lives mainly in giving them both the kind of meaning of life and the opportunity to spend old age actively with the people of the same generation with the same interests. Senior people who do not attend the educational activities indicate the lower number of meetings with other people, but on the other hand they meet their relatives much more often, in some cases every day, and thanks to this fact, they do not feel the loneliness and see their meaning of life in the care od family. This is the reason, why they do not have a need to attend other activities. After this chapter the Discussion follows, which compares the gathered results of the research with already publicized knowledge. The conclusion, bibliographic sources and the annexes are placed in the end of the thesis.
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Rehabilitation of patients with prolapsed intervertebral disc in lumbar spine during surgical therapy and conservative therapy
KOTT, Petr
TThe title of the thesis is The rehabilitation of patients with the slip of intervertebral disc in the region of the lumbar spine in surgical and in conservative therapies. A lumbar disc herniation is one of the most frequent degenerative changes in the spine. It is also one of the most common diagnoses in neurology and neurosurgery indicated for surgical treatment. This is an alarming finding and therefore it must be pursued in depth. The first part is only theoretical, containing the anatomy and kinesiology of spine, the characteristics, division and diagnosis of the slip, and the description of the conservative and surgical therapies. The second part is devoted to the research, with two groups of respondents. In the first group there are three patients who underwent my five weeks? intensive rehabilitation plan. We met once every week and they did the exercises every day on their own. The first meeting was related to a complete examination and exercise education. The last meeting again included a thorough examination, and a long-term rehabilitation plan suggestion. The short-term rehab plan was mainly composed of pain relief components, searching for the relief positions. Also, we worked out the deep stabilization system, the abdominal muscles involvement, pelvic exercises, spasm loosening, sacroiliac joint relaxation, sensomotoric exercises, root stretching and kinesiotaping. Each patient was also familiarized with the secondary prevention and the contraindications for this illness. The second group are two patients who underwent a surgery at the neurosurgical department of the hospital in České Budějovice. Subsequently, they rehabilitated at the rehab department of the same hospital. This group received a complete care of the department ? the examination, the treatment, physical therapy application and file records. Their results were compared to the first group performance. The components of the therapy were: group fitness exercises, individual fitness exercises, group specific exercises (Flendkrais method elements, McKenzie, pelvic exercises), soft techniques for the scar, swimming pool fitness exercises. The aim was to describe the differences between the conservative and surgical therapies. The purpose of the practical part was to prepare and implement an intensive rehabilitation plan for particular patients, who were not indicated for the surgery, and compare the results with the patients after the surgery. A qualitative research was used for the purpose for the comparison. To gather the data, I used the following techniques: interview, anamnesis, entry and final kinesiological analysis, medical record consultations, photographing, and secondary data analysis. The field research is concluded with the result evaluation. The results show that the kinesilogical analysis was highly functional in two cases, and helped the patients. In one case it helped only partly, but it shall be stated that the patient did not exercise on his own, was not motivated and obviously wanted to stay on the sick-leave. Moreover, the results clarify that the surgery in most cases does not make do without the right rehabilitation. If the local stabilizers are not activated and the pathological movement patterns are not corrected, the relapse is quite probable, and the probability grows with every following surgery. The aims of the research were fulfilled. Key words: therapy, disc, herniation, rehabilitation.
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Public research institution – taxes, accounting
Pavelková, Dana ; Slintáková, Barbora (advisor) ; Vančurová, Alena (referee)
This essay is about new legal entity -public research institution. First chapter is about research and development in Czech republic, about good laws. In these days the situation is being changed due to changes in laws. Second charter is about accounting. As all legal entities in Czech republic public research institution should record information about its assets and liabilities. Third chapter is about taxes. The end is a summary. There are thoughts if Czech laws where adapted in correct way to be prepare for new legal entity. There are some more parts of law which should be modify in future.
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Knowledge of principles of healthy nutrition at pupils 13 - 16 years old
LAPEŠOVÁ, Miroslava
The bachelor thesis Knowledge of principles of healthy nutrition at pupils 13 - 16 years old consists of a practical part and a theoretical part. The theoretical part is focused on basic information on a rational nutrition and on basic nutrients needed for the organism development. It informs on the nutrition in the period of pubescence and on subsequent mistakes made by teenagers. It draws attention to the necessity of regular meals in the course of the day, which is in this period of life very important and which should not be underestimated. Instructions for a proper healthy diet can be prepared with the help of so called food pyramid. The practical part presents achieved results. I applied a quantitative method of the research in the bachelor thesis. The data collection was made by means of a questionnaire, which was given to the pupils at the age between 13 and 16. The research was made at the secondary schools in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands. Five secondary schools were addressed. Totally, 229 questionnaires were distributed, 21 of them could not be used because of incorrect or insufficient completing of the data. The return was therefore 90,8 %. 208 questionnaires were used for the research, thereof 100 questionnaires were completed by girls and 108 by boys. The aim of the bachelor thesis was to determine the knowledge of principles of healthy nutrition at pupils 13 - 16 years old. Another objective besides charting the alimentation problem was also to confirm or refute three hypotheses. Hypothesis H1 supposed that pupils in the age between 13 and 16 years have a satisfactory knowledge of healthy nutrition. This hypothesis was confirmed. Hypothesis H2 supposed that most pupils follow the principles of healthy nutrition. The results did not confirm the hypothesis. Hypothesis H3 supposed that pupils have a possibility to eat according to principles of healthy nutrition, but most of them are satisfied with the current diet and would not change anything. The bachelor thesis can serve as a source of information on the healthy nutrition and correct eating of teenagers. It can be used by parents who have a possibility to influence the home menu significantly. Furthermore, teachers can warn pupils of the mistakes in the nutrition and so that they can lead them to a healthier diet.
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Modern Trends in Sample Preparation of Biological Material for Analysis of Selected Biologically Active Compounds
Sadílek, Petr ; Solich, Petr (advisor) ; Nobilis, Milan (referee) ; Barták, Petr (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Analytical Chemistry Candidate: Petr Sadílek, M.Sc. Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Petr Solich, CSc. Co-supervisor: Doc. RNDr. Dalibor Šatínský, Ph.D. Title of Doctoral Thesis: Modern Trends in Sample Preparation of Biological Material for Analysis of Selected Biologically Active Compounds This doctoral thesis deals with the determination of selected drugs, their metabolites and other biologically active substances in biological materials. This area of instrumental analysis turns out to be very attractive recently. The reason for this is the need to monitor and optimise treatment and the goal is to achieve the most effective therapy with minimum side effects of drugs for every individual; there are also toxicological reasons. The thesis concentrates on the entire analytical phase of laboratory screening, i.e. not just on development and validation of chromatographical methods of analysis, but also (and especially) on preparation of biological samples prior to the actual analysis. This phase is crucial for analytes assessment, since it determines not only correct results of the laboratory examination, but also influences the lifespan of laboratory equipment, especially chromatographic columns. These days mostly traditional...
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Respiratory physiotherapy - part of a comprehensive treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients
Vargová, Zuzana ; Smolíková, Libuše (advisor) ; Slováčková, Lenka (referee)
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a progressive muscular disease. This serious disease attacks not only the musculoskeletal system, but also the respiratory system. Respiratory system is one of the most influenced systems. The risks of respiratory problems increase with deteriorating condition of the patient due to muscle weakness. This work is focused on treatment of respiratory system. The aim of treatment is early prevention and solving of complications. These complications include not only scoliosis and cardial problems, but mainly inefficient cough, night hypoventilation, irregular night breathing and failure of respiratory system even during the day. The aim of the respiratory physiotherapy is to keep the right functionality of lungs for the longest time and to choose the correct method of the rehabilitation following the patient's condition deteriorating. Interventions suitable for the patients with the DMD are techniques that leads to increasing lung volume, manual and mechanical techniques of assisted coughing, and noninvasive ventilation. NIV is one of the preferred methods of treating nowadays. Another method is continual invasive ventilation and ventilation with tracheostomy. This treatment includes keeping hygiene of the airways, which is the basis for their throughput. The work also includes...
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Public prejudice to epileptics
DOUBKOVÁ, Ivana
Epilepsy, a paroxysmal brain illness, is not a disease that would prevent patients from living their lives fully and from achieving aims they set themselves. Even these days there is a great deal of prejudice and negative feeling when it comes to epilepsy. The present diploma thesis deals with the problem of prejudice and general public opinions towards people suffering from epilepsy in the region of České Budějovice (Budweis), Czechia. The thesis also handles the problem of respondents{\crq} awareness of epilepsy in that region. In the theoretical part of the thesis the author summed up all important knowledge about epilepsy from the medical point of view, focusing on the impact of the illness on each person{\crq}s social life. The objective of the present diploma thesis was to ascertain general public opinions on epileptics in the region of České Budějovice. A sub-goal was to ascertain general public awareness of epilepsy in the aforementioned region. In accordance with the set goals, the following hypotheses were formulated: ``The general public feel negative prejudice against epileptics.{\crq}q ``The general public does not have correct information on epilepsy.{\crq}q Both hypotheses have been confirmed. The research was a quantitative one. The author used the method of questioning, the questionnaire and semantic deferential techniques. Respondents were chosen from general population, aged 18 and older, living in the region of České Budějovice. The research has shown that ordinary people feel negative prejudice and have negative opinions in terms of epileptics. They often assume that epileptics are mentally ill, and not capable of working on a regular basis. Furthermore, the research has proved that the general public do not have correct information on epilepsy, particularly in the field of epileptic fits, first aid and the treatment. Public education ought to be oriented to primary and secondary school pupils and students because only thus young people can adopt positive thinking and opinions on epilepsy, and this may well survive when they grow older and be passed down to other generations.
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Emergency Operators´ Mental Load
HUDEČKOVÁ, Karolína
This bachelor thesis deals with mental strain in dispatchers of medical emergency services. I focused on covering these questions, the follow-up analysis and description, on the basis of research. The first objective was to survey opinions of operations centre dispatchers of the mental strain in their work. The next objective was their opinion of the question whether the number of dispatchers on duty in one shift influences their mental strain. My research is based on questionnaire surveying, and the research object covered 40 employees in operational centres all over the Region of South Bohemia. (Note: a nationwide research would be technically hardly realisable, as it is improbable that the questionnaires sent in would be returned). The introductory chapters contain a brief description of the operations centre and activities that the dispatchers perform every day, and I try to formulate the principles of the correct communication that should be led in the conversation with the callers on the distress line. I also describe general features of stress, the factors that lead to it, and the states breaking out as a result of its long-term effect on people. Specifically in this thesis, I describe post-traumatic stress disorder and the burn-out syndrome, and I also mention prevention to defend oneself against these risk factors. The second part of the thesis focuses on the results of the research conducted by quantitative technique, by handing out 45 questionnaires, 40 of which were processed after they were sent back. The research and results make up an essential part of the thesis and bring proofs of the fact that employees of operations centres undergo mental strain influenced by a number of factors. Some of these factors can be influenced, and becoming aware of these factors, this strain may be at least partially reduced. The thesis also uses the comparative method with the possibility of comparison of the mental strain between individual dispatchers. Last but not least, it contains inspiration for considering these questions, and personal proposals for a positive contribution to lowering this strain and a further development of this problem in general.
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Negative Prefixes in the present-day French
ŠTĚPÁNKOVÁ, Lucie
The aim of this work is to describe, with use of specialised literature, the characteristics of negative prefixes in present-day French. Then we will observe the correctness of observing the rules of application of these prefixes and study the frequency of their use. For this research, we will employ the methods of frequency and corpus analysis. This work is divided into two main parts and both contain several subchapters. In the theoretical part, we will explain the terms connected to language and word-formation in general, then we will focus on derivation and prefixes. On the basis of the Le Petit Robert dictionary and the other specialised literature, we will define the negative prefixes and describe their rules of usage. The following practical part will deal with corpus analysis of these prefixes.
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