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Job changing in the Czech media and its causations
Ghanem, Jakub ; Trampota, Tomáš (advisor) ; Křeček, Jan (referee)
The fundamental theme of this Master's Degree Thesis is Media Staff Fluctuation in the Czech Republic. The qualitative research, specifically that of individual semi-structured interviews with the journalists, was dominantly used for the processing. The interviews were aimed at the identification of the phenomena which have been complicating their professional performance and making it unpleasant. The respondents were asked directly as well as indirectly about the motivations which had led them to changing their occupation or have had such potential. Organization elements of media institutions are also taken into account, mainly the career code and the way of shift planning. The thesis deals with side-effects of media work such as excessive timeload, stress, haste, competition manifestations, the pressure from the side of advertisers etc. It pays attention to the impacts on freedom of expression and the veracity of published communiqués which may be caused by the unsuitably created conditions. It also includes a look at purely personal level, among others at family and partnership life, or as the case may be, at a possibility of satisfactorily spent leisure time. The recognized causes of employee turnover were classified, described, further categorized on the basis of an analysis of the interviews...
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Achievement motivation of computer games players in adolescence
Vaculík, Martin
This study is focused on achievement motivation of computer games players in adolescence. A total of 76 players who were suitable for two criterion: a) duration of playing computer games per week (minimum: 7 hours a week), b) duration of interest in computer games (minimum:1 year).High level of achievement motivation focused on ego for players was discovered. There is no relationship between level of achievement motivation and amount of playing computer gamens. However, heavy players scored lower at both components of achievement motivation (ego, task) than other players.
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The psychological boundary of nurses separating professional and maternal roles
Laušmanová, Alexandra ; Prchalová, Eva (advisor) ; Rybářová, Marie (referee) ; Štefančíková, Mariana (referee)
Author: Alexandra Laušmanová Institute: Institute of social medicine FM CU in Hradec Králové Nursing department Title: The Psychological Boundary of Nurses separating Professional and Maternal Roles Supervisor: Bc. Eva Prchalová Number of pages: 131 Number of attachments: 4 Year of defense: 2007 Keywords: psychological boundary, social role, family, child needs, psychological strain on nurses, work conditions of nurses, realistic options in compatibility of professional and parent role This bachelor paper deals with the psychological boundaries separating a nurse's professional role and her role as mother. The aim was to discern the psychological boundaries of nurses between their professional and maternal roles. We discuss the conditions under which nurses are still willing to work in a multishift working schedule, the level of motivation that compels them to do such work and determine eventual negative feelings they may have towards the problem of professional and parental role compatibility. The paper refers to the difficulties facing the professional and parental role compatibility in the present working conditions for nurses working in a multishift work schedule. The physical and psychological strain on the nurses is particularly emphasized - a mother's negative feelings that she expresses...
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John Locke - primary and secondary qualities
Štambachová, Lucie ; Palkoska, Jan (referee) ; Hill, James (advisor)
Mé zkoumání se v této práci zaměřuje na Lockovu Esej o lidském rozumu (An Essay concerning Human Understanding) z roku 1689, zvláště pak na Lockovo stanovisko k problematice primárních a sekundárních kvalit. Řekněme si však na úvod alespoň základní informace o samotném Lockovi a jeho životě. Locke se narodil roku 1632 jako syn právníka. Studoval na Christ Church College v Oxfordu, kde roku 1658 získal titul mistra svobodných umění. Locke pracoval jako soukromý učitel, lékař, ale také ve státních službách. Mezi jeho díla, kromě výše zmíněné Eseje, patří například Dvě pojednání o občanské vládě (Two Treatises of Civil Government), Myšlenky o vychování (Thoughts concerning Education), Listy o snášenlivosti (A Letter on Toleration) atd. Ze skladby jeho děl je patrné, že Locke byl velmi všestranný myslitel a kromě otázek epistemologických a ontologických se soustředil rovněž na politickou filosofii a na podmínky výchovy a vzdělání. Locke byl zastáncem a jedním z tvůrců tzv. novověkého empirismu, což byl směr vymezující se vůči racionalismu, jehož zakladatelem byl René Descartes. Obě tyto školy si kladly shodné otázky, ale odpovědi, které na ně dávaly, byly různé. Zásadní rozdíl tkví v tom, že empiristé hledali pravdu ve zkušenosti, racionalisté v rozumu. Z těchto protikladných východisek se odvíjejí odlišné...
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Pyrazine derivatives as potential drugs II.
Graetzová, Petra ; Miletín, Miroslav (referee) ; Doležal, Martin (advisor)
Title of diploma thesis: Pyrazine derivatives as potential drugs II. Presented by: Petra Graetzová Rising HIV positivity, migration of people, inconvenient social conditions in a row of underdeveloped countries or wrong administration of therapy contributed to recurrence growth the tuberculosis affection of recent years. The inception of resistance to already used antituberculosis drugs is a motivation for searching new therapeutic possibilities and for synthesis potential drugs. I aimed my activity to esters of 5-tert-butyl-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid. These new substances were characterized physico-chemical and the tests their antimycobacterial and antifungal activity in vitro were carried out. Except the synthesis these derivatives is part of the graduation theses also a description of presently used drugs, accesses for therapy and several examples of new hopeful antituberculosis drugs.
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Vegetation dynamics on fallows
Entová, Martina ; Procházka, Tomáš (referee) ; Fabšičová, Martina (advisor)
The bachelor thesis is concerned with problems of abandoned fields. Fields are very important ecosystem for mankind. Abandonment of agricultural land and formation of fallows happend in last decades. Social and political changes can be the reason of fields abandonment as well as economical changes or changes in ecological conditions. The fallows are good model for secondary succession studies, but they can have many other funcitons in a land. Succession doesn't always proceeded in the same way, it can be affected for example by historical land use, species pool or environmental factors. Permanent plots or space for time substitution can be used for succession research. The rich reserve of seeds in the seed bank is typical for fallows. That can be described by several methods: elutriation, cloth bag, flotation or seedling emergence. Many scientists from the Czech Republic and also from all over the world are interested in fallow research. My MSc. thesis is presented at the end of this bachelor thesis. The comparison of actual vegetation and the soil seed bank of fallows in Podyjí National Park will be the aim of this work. Usage of ploughing as a possible management for creation and preservation of a rich fallow associations will be studied.
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Maternal and paternal leave in the Czech Republic and Austria
Kubová, Lucie ; Kotous, Jan (referee) ; Munková, Gabriela (advisor)
V posledních letech se pozornost veřejnosti, odborníků i českého státu stále více zaměřuje na oblast podpory rodin. Nezastupitelné funkce rodiny, zvláště výchovná a emocionální, jsou stále patrnější, stejně jako názor, že rodina je považována za základní stavební jednotku společnosti. V rodinném společenství dochází k přípravě jedince na život a formování jeho osobnosti. Jedním ze záměrů státu je proto podporovat tvorbu nových rodin a přispívat k udržení jejich stability, tolik důležité pro vhodnou výchovu jedince. Rodinná politika, která je úzce spjata s politikou sociální, společně s kulturním a společenským prostředím ovlivňuje vnitřní i vnější podmínky vzniku, existence i zániku rodiny. Podpora rodin státem je zpravidla uskutečňována nabídkou nástrojů státní rodinné politiky a poskytováním finančních příspěvků, jimiž se stát snaží kompenzovat alespoň částečně náklady spojené s výchovou potomků. Ve své diplomové práci se zaměřím na problematiku, se kterou se setkáváme dnes a denně. Buď se týká nás samotných, nebo se s ní setkáváme ve své rodině nebo u přátel. Mám na mysli problematiku mateřské a rodičovské dovolené a dávek s nimi spojených. Má rodina dostatečnou podporu ve státě? Jaká jsou konkrétní zákonná ustanovení ochrany těhotných žen a žen matek v pracovním právu? Jaká práva mají rodiče malých...
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Selected psychological characteristics of interaction and communication in criminal investigation of violent criminality
Boukalová, Hedvika ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor) ; Urbanová, Miluše (referee) ; Sochůrek, Jan (referee)
The work is focused on selected aspects of interaction and communication between investigator and investigated person in investigation of serious criminality. The primary social-psychological point of view on this interaction tries to stay within the applied focus to the field of investigative psychology. At the beginning the work is focused on important investigative conditions and also social-psychological context. After that it 5 moves to specific conditions on the side of investigated person, to motivation of participation in criminal investigation, to the topic of suggestibility and its role in testimony, importance of psychological disorders in the interaction with the investigator and context of investigation. Another topic is testimony as a result of interaction between investigator and investigated person, this chapter is more specifically focused on problem situations and a question of deceitful testimony. Following is the topic of social pressure in investigation and its different manifestations. The attention is devoted more thoroughly to different approaches of persuasive information processing as a bases for deeper understanding of specific interviewing techniques. In the following chapter we are concerned with the conditions on the side of the investigator, to see closer the demands of his...
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Long-term functional consequences of early clonazepam exposure in immature rats
Šubrt, Martin ; Kubová, Hana (advisor) ; Landová, Eva (referee)
Benzodiazepines (BZs) are widely prescribed because of broad spectrum of therapeutic effects. Under specific conditions they can be used during the pregnancy and early postnatally in humans. However, clinical studies suggest their possible behavioral teratogenicity even though it is difficult to separate consequences of early BZs exposure from underlying pathologies in clinical practice. Therefore experimental studies can help us to determine risks of early BZs treatment for later development. Present study was designed to assess functional consequences of early exposure to clonazepam (CZP). Immature rats were exposed to therapeutically relevant doses of CZP (0.1 - 1 mg/kg/day). CZP was administered for five consecutive day starting at postnatal (P) day 7. Behavioral tests started 24 hours after the last CZP injection (i.e. at P12) and continued up to the age of 4 months. Battery of behavioral tests evaluating cognitive functions, motivation and emotionality was used in this study. Present data show that early CZP exposure does not affect memory and learning abilities, but it leads to the increase of locomotor activity, decreased motivation and impairment of long term habituation. None of these effects was clearly dose-dependent. Importantly, early CZP-exposure changed social behavior (social interactions...
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Sensitizers, Acceptors and Secondary Sources of Singlet Oxygen and Their Supramolecular Complexes with Cyclodextrins
Slavětínská, Lenka
Sensitizers, Acceptors and Secondary Sources of Singlet Oxygen and Their Supramolecular Complexes with Cyclodextrins Lenka Slavětínská Disulfonated derivatives of 9,10-diphenylanthracene are known carriers of singlet oxygen. Compounds 1, 2 and corresponding endoperoxides 3, 4 form supramolecular complexes with cyclodextrins (CDs). Binding interactions were proved by UV-Vis, fluorescence and NMR spectroscopy. R1 R2 R3 O O R1 R2 R3 + 1 O2 1, 2 3, 4 R1 R2 R3 1,3 SO3Na H SO3Na 2,4 SO3Na SO3Na H O OH OH OH O O OH OH OH O OOH OH OH O O OH OH OH O O OH OH OH O O OH OH OH O O OH OH OH O CD Glu 6 7 8 Stoichiometry and binding constant Kb of complexes of 1 and 2 with CDs were determined by Job's method of continuous variations and binding isotherm analysis respectively. The modes of host-quest interaction of 1-4 with native -CD and -CD were studied by 1 H NMR and 2D NMR (ROESY). Inclusions of phenyl groups of 1-4 into the cyclodextrin cavities were found for both -CD and -CD. The mode of interaction depends on the size of the CD cavity and position of sulfo group.
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