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The application of viral nanoparticles in biomedicine
Kříž, Kristian ; Španielová, Hana (advisor) ; Beranová, Jana (referee)
This work compiles studies that lead to new applications of viral nanoparticles with an emphasis on utilizations in biomedicine. Firstly the work follows the characteristics of viral nanoparticles and some general aspects of nanoparticles. Further described herein are exemplary studies that are using viral nanoparticles as a tool for the treatment of cancer, viral, bacterial or other diseases. This review also includes examples of researches leading to the usage of viral nanoparticles for diagnostic purposes. Lastly, studies in which viral nanoparticles served as nanoextractors, nanoreactors or nanotemplates for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles and galvanic cells are mentioned here too.
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Cellular labelling using non-usual magnetic nanoparticles
Kikerlová, Soňa ; Kotek, Jan (advisor) ; Pavlů, Barbora (referee)
MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) belongs to an imaging technique in a clinical practice. It is the method completely non-invasive for a patient, which allows three- dimensional imaging of the body based on the detection of hydrogen atoms of water molecules in individual tissues. Intensity of signal can be further influenced by adding a suitable contrast agent. It is necessary to perform basic in vitro and in vivo experiments on a cell cultures and animal models before a new contrast agents will be introduced into the clinical practice. This is due to potential side effects on living organisms. The current boom in nanotechnology offers a variety of nanomaterials including magnetic nanoparticles for decreasing the intensity of the MRI signal. The most common and longest used contrast agents for MRI are based on superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO). In this literature review will be presented uncommon types of magnetic nanoparticles which can also be used for the magnetic resonance imaging. Key words: magnetic resonance imaging, nanoparticle, cellular imaging
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Protein-nanodiamond conjugates: the preparation and characterization
Šlegerová, Jitka ; Konvalinka, Jan (advisor) ; Vaněk, Ondřej (referee)
Nanodiamonds represent a member of vast group of carbon nanomaterials. They are characterized by chemical stability, biocompatibility, low toxicity and possibility of surface chemical modification that enables further conjugation of biomolecules, namely proteins. The most important property of nanodiamonds is easily detectable fluorescence resistant towards photobleaching. This luminescence is produced by so called (N-V) centers that can be formed by irradiation of nanodiamonds using high energy beams. Fluorescence of nanodiamonds is useful for construction of fluorescent labels and probes, cellular targeting and internalization, controlled drug delivery as well as enzyme immobilization. Two main connection modes are suitable for biomolecules' attachment: non-covalent and covalent. The first one has been utilized for decoration of nanodiamonds by various proteins, e.g. lysozyme, cytochrome c, neurotoxin or antigen. The second possibility has been demonstrated also on various proteins and, furthermore, on glycoproteins, oligonucleotides, vitamins or growth factor. During the immobilization of biomolecule on the nanoparticle surface it is crucial to keep its function, for example the catalytic activity in enzymes. For such purposes, the oxime ligation (connection of aldehyde presented on biomolecule...
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Impact of input parameters on the quality of mixing dispersion of nanoparticles
Cederová, Kristýna ; Hela, Rudolf (referee) ; Bodnárová, Lenka (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with nanoparticles. It examines the process of dispersion of nanoparticles in particular. Nanoparticles have the ability to improve some physical properties of cement composite materials. One, but important obstacle for correct application of nanoparticles is its dispersion. The experimental part of the thesis is dedicated to the dispersion of nanoparticles. Properties of cement composites were set in a time of 7 and 28 days. Nanoparticles were examined under transmission electron microscope.
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Molecular Communication in Nano-networks Utilizing Diffusion Process
Kupka, Lukáš ; Mašek, Pavel (referee) ; Hošek, Jiří (advisor)
The bachelor thesis is focused on theoretical desription of diffusion-based molecular communication in nanonetworks, description of simulation framework N3Sim and building a model of nanocommunication in this simulator. Second part of thesis is focused on molecular communication based on electromagnetic waves. In this case simulator NS-3 and Nano-Sim module has been used. Practical part contains detail analysis of simulators adjustment and results of simulations. Simulations are performed with different settings in several scenarios. Their comparison and results is summarized in conclusion.
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The effect of therapeutical ultrasound and metalic nanoparticles on carcinoma cells
Kalužová, Adéla ; Rozman, Jiří (referee) ; Bernard, Vladan (advisor)
This thesis focuses on the research of an effect of ultrasound and nanoparticles on cancer cells. In the literature search there the applications of ultrasound field in the interaction with aplication of metallic nanoparticles to viability of cancer cells are described, on the basis of in vitro experiments‘ performance. The purpose of metallic nanoparticles‘ application should be a possible reinforcing of its antitumor effect thanks to the presence of ultrasound field. In next part of the literature search there are included the technical performance of devices, their indications and contraindications, parameters of ultrasound fields and application of metallic nanoparticles. The metallic nanoparticles have been becoming a part of the human’s life more and more, that is why it’s necessary to deal with these miniature particles at a higher level. The aim of this thesis is to suggest the ways of resolution based on the principle of sounding of cells with the ultrasound field of suitable parameters and in combination with the application of metallic nanoparticles with a successive performance of the cell viability tests. The viability was determinated by the MTT assay test. Another part of this work is the measurement of parameters of this zone by means of a submersible needle hydrophone, for a better understanding of the ultrasonic zone. In the final part of this work there is necessary the statistical evaluation of the measured data of the experiments carried out and the discussion of the results obtained.
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Application of nanofiller in electroinsulating materials
Mohyla, Petr ; Rozsívalová, Zdenka (referee) ; Frk, Martin (advisor)
This project deals with calculation parts of complex permittivity varnish samples which is filled by nanoparticles of metal oxides. Opening of this project deals with theory of dielectric and effects in dielectric, theory of compounds and expressions in composite systems. Following topic is theory of nanoparticles and nanotechnologies and summarize adjusted results about this branch of knowledge. In practical part of work is include method which was use to make varnish samples filled by nanoparticles, prepare to measurement methods and whole results of measurement. In the end of work is analysis influence of filler particles each filler types to dielectric material and results verified mixture mathematical expressions.
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Reflex Treatment of Transparent Materials
Meluzín, Ondřej ; Tulka, Jaromír (referee) ; Molliková, Eva (advisor)
This thesis deals with the possibilities and methods of coating of transparent materials in order to improve their optical-reflective properties. It describes various methods that nowadays coatings can be applied on an industrial scale, while maintaining a constant thickness and properties across the applied coating. Further provides specific examples of how the application of different optical coatings can improve the desired properties of materials used for technical applications.
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The new nanoparticles in the ultastructural diagnostics
MARTYKÁNOVÁ, Denisa
The aim of this master thesis is to focus on a various methods of the conjugation of palladium nanoparticles of different shapes on the protein. The main point was to use both covalent and non-covalent conjugation of palladium nanoparticles on the protein and to use the functional conjugates to find out their stability in time.
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Fotokatalytické technologie a nové nanopovrchové materiály v roce 2005
Peterka, F. ; Jirkovský, Jaromír ; Šubrt, Jan ; Špatenka, P. ; Krýsa, J. ; Lukeš, Petr ; Kavan, Ladislav ; Štengl, Václav ; Kolouch, A. ; Klusoň, P.
Current state of art in the research and development of photocatalytic titanium oxide nanosurface materials and their practical applications is discussed. The main objectives of new European COST Action “PHONASUM” (COST 540), which is understand as European platform to group the existing European collaborations and to allow for a large exchange between the different European groups focussing on the development of photocatalytical nanomaterials and standard photoactivity testing methods are presented. Specific aims and scientific results of the Research Centre for Nanosurface Engineering "NANOPIN" established in 2005 under the Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic are shown in more detail.
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