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Rights and duties of agricultural land owner
Kuřinová, Pavla ; Drobník, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Franková, Martina (referee)
Rights and obligations of the agricultural land ownership The purpose of my thesis is to make a summary of rights and obligations of the agricultural land ownership, describe and evaluate problems related to status of agricultural land owner. The thesis is composed of seven chapters, each of them allows to come to know aspects of the land ownership. Chapter One generally represents an ownership of the land with accent on a constitutional right, because proprietary right is one of the basic human rights. Because everybody has the right to own property and nobody can be deprived unlawfully of the property. Chapter Two describes historical development of ownership and chapter Third depicts an object of ownership, i.e. agricultural land, thus which means as a component of enviroment and as a production means of a primary human livelihood. Chapter Four defines a land owner, especially state into role of owner and process of restitution and of sale state land. Chapter Five is devoted to rights. This chapter is subdivided into four parts, part one is about tenure, second part about use of agricultural land. Next part is about treatment of land and the last part pays attention to civil action as protection of ownership. Extensively there is described a lease of land. Chapter Six is the principal and incorporates...
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Computer games and Internet addiction among second grade pupils of elementary schools: a comparison of urban and rural populations
Kramářová, Simona ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Vondráčková, Petra (referee)
The theme of this thesis is Computer games and Internet addiction among second grade pupils of elementary schools: a comparison of urban and rural populations. Its documents are the scientific literature and studies on the subject and the results of research conducted in the period from March to May 2012. The aim of this thesis is to find a prevalence of addictive behavior on the Internet and PC games among second grade pupils of elementary schools, to compare the prevalence of urban and rural population and to identify factors associated with this dependency behavior. Theoretical part is divided into six chapters. There are briefly described addictive and impulsive disorders, and further described dependency theories on the Internet / PC games, diagnostic criteria and symptoms by which this dependence may be identified, for comparison with my results there are the results of prevalence studies of defects observed in comparable populations. The thesis also focuses on the characteristics of the target groups and character traits, which are described in the problem users of the Internet/ PC games, protective and risk factors for the emergence and development of addiction to computer games and Internet, as well as prevention and treatment of these disorders. The practical part consists of a research...
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Development of New Methods for Monitoring of Occurence of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment
Aufartová, Jana ; Solich, Petr (advisor) ; Fiala, Zdeněk (referee) ; Garcia-Campaña, Ana M. (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Analytical Chemistry Candidate Mgr. Jana Aufartová Supervisor Prof. RNDr. Petr Solich, CSc. Title of Doctoral Thesis DEVELOPMENT OF NEW METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF SELECTED PHARMACEUTICALS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES During last decade, the consumption of pharmaceuticals is increasing substantially. At the same time their occurrence in environment is increasing as well. Pharmaceuticals are released into environment by excretion, as conjugated or unchanged active compounds, as unused pharmaceuticals, which are not disposed according to the recommendations (e.g. thrown away into the rubbish or flushed down the toilet). Other possible sources of pharmaceuticals are in the agriculture, livestock and aquaculture. The current water treatment technologies do not remove all traces of pharmaceuticals in wastewaters. Therefore the monitoring of their occurrence in surface and wastewaters become more important. Antibiotics and steroid hormones are a group of drugs used in human and veterinary medicine. The main problem with these groups of substances is the emergence of bacterial resistance, in the case of antibiotics, and the effect on the endocrine system, including the reproductive cycle, in the case of steroid hormones. The...
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Common causes of lower leg pain an Athletes
Pešková, Lucie ; Doubková, Lucie (advisor) ; Truc, Michal (referee)
An exercise-induced leg pain resulting from chronic overloading is a common condition affecting physically active population. This bachelor thesis gives an overview of recent knowledge in differential diagnosis of a chronic lower leg pain. Theoretic aspects deal with three main conditions with the highest incidence, including stress fractures, medial tibial stress syndrome and chronic exertional compartment syndrome. Particular chapters describe the difference in the epidemiology, aetiology, clinical presentation and risk factors. The diagnostic methods and treatment options are mentioned in the next chapter. In addition to theoretic aspects a retrospective study is part of this thesis. The research study the incidence of the lower leg pain among athletes. In contrast to theoretic part we concern about nonspecific lower leg pain in this research. At the same time we research a presence of risk factors and their effect on pathogenesis of the lower leg pain.
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HPLC analýza makrolidových a tetracyklinových antibiotik v nemocničních odpadních vodách
Vrubl, Jaroslav ; Solich, Petr (advisor) ; Polášek, Miroslav (referee)
Analysis of macrolides and tetracyclines in hospital wastewaters by HPLC ABSTRACT Macrolide and tetracycline antibiotics are drugs used for treatment and prevention of infectional illnesses both in human and veterinary medicine. As other environmental contaminats, they can accumulate in environment and induce adverse effects in terrestrial and aquatic organisms. and induce bacterial resistance. The sensitive analytical methods are necessary to quantify their level in wastewaters to rate the risk caused by their presence in environment. The HPLC with MS detection is method mostly used to analysis, because of its high sensitivity. A method using UV or fluorescence detection was tried to be developed as an alternative to HPLC-MS. A method to analyse macrolide using Hichrom Lichrosorb RP 18, 250 x 4.6 mm i. d. and Chromolith Performance column RP 18e, 100 x 4.6 mm i. d. were used. A mobile phase ACN: 0.05M KH2PO4 (pH 7.5) 30:70 (v/v) was used, the detector was set at 215 nm. The method using pre-column derivatization by FMOC-Cl was studied. The analysis was performed on Chromolith Performance column RP 18e, 100 x 4.6 mm i. d. The fluorescence detector was set at excitation wavelength 255 nm and emission wavelength 315 nm. The method to analyse tetracyclines used gradient elution of ACN and 0.02 M oxalic acid....
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Captopril renal scintigraphy as a diagnostic method of renal ischemia
Konopásek, Pavel ; Lang, Otto (advisor)
Renal Ischemia is a condition in which for various reasons is not sufficient flow of blood kidneys. Ischemia kidney by precipitating factors divided into acute ischemia Births and chronic ischemia . If there is an acute reduction of blood flow kidneys , whether due to reduced intravascular volume , or reduced perfusion pressure , the body can not maintain homeostasis of the internal environment and leads to acute renal failure. If there is a gradual reduction in blood flow through the kidneys , the body has the opportunity to respond to this compensation mechanisms and sufficient flow of kidneys taken to ensure homeostasis .. Among the compensatory mechanisms are mainly cascade activation of the renin - angiotensin - aldosterone system , resulting in the formation of arterial hypertension , further increasing blood flow through the kidneys . In my thesis I focus primarily chronic renal ischemia , the possibilities its diagnosis and treatment.
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Effect of gene expression in hyperproliterative skin diseases
Lysá, Barbora ; Arenberger, Petr (advisor) ; Kohoutová, Milada (referee) ; Brdička, Radim (referee) ; Nečas, Emanuel (referee)
The introductory part of this thesis gives insight into selected aspects of the issue deals with hyperproliferative outlining the molecular basis of skin diseases, which are included in addition to psoriasis as well as the characteristic representative of non-melanoma skin cancers. Further analyzes partly exogenous influence of UV radiation on their formation. The actual research work is focused on a group of genes whose expression was studied in actinic keratosis disease in relation to its treatment of topical immunomodulators - imiquimod. Examined genes can be divided into groups of genes modulating the immune response, genes involved in apoptotic processes and the genes playing a potential role in tumor formation.
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Characterisation and chemical modification of halloysites
Vašutová, Vlasta ; Pospíšil, Miroslav (referee) ; Hradil, David (advisor)
Twelve halloysites from different sources in Slovakia, Turkey, China, New Zealand and U.S.A. have been characterized by combination of analytical methods together with the commercial sample of halloysite supplied by Sigma-Aldrich. The aim of this work was to select suitable candidates for to be used as carriers of porphyrine photoactive molecules. In nature, the formation of halloysite is related to the weathering of magmatic rocks or to the hydrothermal alteration of volcanic rocks, frequently in the contact with limestones. Halloysite belong to the kaolinite group, but, contrarily to kaolinite, it contains molecules of water in the interlayer space. It occurs in two forms: hydrated halloysite (10 ?) and dehydrated halloysite (7 ?).Dehydrated halloysites contain more admixtures than hydrated ones ? typically kaolinite, quartz, cristobalite, alunite, gibbsite and in one case also potassium mica. In samples containing both dehydrated halloysite and kaolinite their 001 diffractions overlap. Interaction with formamide was used in these cases to increase the interlayer space of halloysite and thus shift its basal diffraction to lower angles. The basal 001 diffraction of kaolinite after this treatment remains on 7 ?. Silver thiourea method (AgTU) was used to measure the cationic exchange capacity (CEC). Silver...
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Epidemiology of lung cancer, secondhand smoke
Mrázková, Petra ; Kára, Jan (advisor)
Issue of the passive smoking and its dependence to human health is broadly studied; especially its impact on the genesis of bronchogenic carcinoma. As we can see in the clinical characteristics, diagnostics and follow up therapy, the main troubles of lung cancer generally are diagnostics and surgical treatment of the early stages. Earlier stages of lung cancer are frequently asymptomatic. The potency for radical therapy is worse for the patients in the advanced stages. Lung cancer is still one of the most extended cancer diseases in the world and also in Czech. Incidence of men lung cancer decreases in last years, but is still warningly high. Incidence of women lung cancer is growing up in Czech and in the world. Men and women mortality is still very high Main risk factors for lung cancer are active and also passive smoking. More than 90 percent of the patients with that disease are active smokers. However, the role of passive smoking is broadly explored today. Relationship of the passive smoking and lung cancer is significant. Strength of this relationship is object of many studies today. I try to find relationship between lung cancers and passive smoking by my own study too. I used to questionnaires filled by patients of FNB (The Faculty Hospital Na Bulovce). Odds ratio for passive-smokers/nonsmokers was...
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Prevention of breast cancer
Crková, Jana ; Šafář, Petr (advisor)
Breast cancer is a dinase characterized by an abnormal growth of cells in the breast. This malignant disease is the most frequent tumor in women with constantly increasing incidence, significant heterogenity and multifactorial etiology. Its main feature is to recur even after long time on the contrary to other types of tumors. In 90% this cancer has random occurence, whose pathogenesis is still unknown. Thus the risk factors are so significant in the role of understanding the etiology of the disease. Primary prevention is not effective enough because it depends on the behaviour of the patients themselves. About 10% of the cancer has family occurence and genetic predisposition. It is mostly a mutation of the genes BRCA 1 (17th chromosome) and BRCA 2 (13th chromosome) that are associated also to other malignant tumors (like carcinoma of ovary or corectal one). Even this familiar type may be influenced by nutritional and life style. Nowadays, the most effective detection is mammography. It is the basic type of secondary prevention. It enables early detection of the disease that gives better chance to the patients as it enables treatment for primary stage of disease. The mamographical screening is scheduled to two-year intervals. Between these periods it is necessary to provide selfexamination of breast, which,...
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