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Clinical biochemical indicators used in diagnostics of equine diseases
Puldová, Doubravka ; Ptáčková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Krejčířová, Romana (referee)
The thesis aims to compile overview of main biochemical indicators that are important in for diagnostics of equine diseases.
Clinical biochemistry is a medical discipline that uses biochemistry and pathobiochemistry for the determination of diagnosis based on activity changes of analytes observed. Laboratory evaluation of analytes has three phases: pre-analytical (preparation of patient to sampling, sampling and sample storage and transport), analytic (analysis) and post-analytical (evaluation of results, veterinarian also contributes in this part). Pre-analytial phase is the most time consuming and also the most error prone. The errors mostly occur during preparation of the patient, during sampling or sample transportation. The most analyzed materials for biochemical analysis are blood, urine and liquor.
Biochemical indicators are compound that are often influenced by the disease, therefore it is possible to use them for the diagnosis. Nitrogen metabolism indicators include proteins, urea, creatinine and ammonia. Enzymes (aminotransferase, gama-glutamyltransferase, glutamatedehydrogenase, lactatedehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinkinase and sorbitoldehydrogenase are the main indicators of liver function (they contribute on the metabolism of another compounds) or of the fitness of horse. Glucose and lactate values indicate energetic metabolism, cholesterol and triglycerides indicate lipid metabolism. Water and electrolyte metabolism indicators are sodium, potassium and chlorides. The mineral profile is shown by calcium, magnesium and phosphorus.
The result of determination of analytes is compared with reference values that are not only species-specific but can be also influenced by age or sex. These values represent the range of the compound concentration in body fluid under physiological conditions. It is important to take the clinical symptoms into the account. Not all indicators that are usually indicated in human medicine or different animals are suitable for diagnosis of equine diseases. Majority of indicators diagnose equine-rare diseases (i.e. diabetes mellitus or hepatitis). Determinations of muscle enzymes and lactate are important for the fitness analysis.
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The elastic wave propagation over the shape transitions of bodies
Morávka, Š. ; Hora, Petr
The work treats the elastic wave propagation in the basic construction elements of structures. The samples with the most common shape transitions are used. Results of analytical computations, numerical simulations and experimental results are verified and compared mutually. The generalized ray theory, the FEM (implemented in software MARC/MENTAT)and the transient piezoceramic transducers are used.
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Studium rovnováhy mezi klesajícími kapkami železa a roztavenými silikáty v magmatických oceánech
Ulvrová, Martina ; Velímský, Jakub (advisor) ; Šrámek, Ondřej (referee)
During the Earth's accretion process deep magma oceans were episodically formed. Differentiation of iron took place within the melted zone and small droplets of iron were sinking to the base of the magma ocean due to the density contrast. In the present work we study the process of equilibration between dispersed metal droplets and surrounding silicates that proceeds by the advection transport and diffusion at the rim. We allow for steady state ow of a spherical liquid blob falling in a host liquid and establish the numerical code in axisymmetric spherical coordinates computing the chemical evolution of such heterogeneous system. We focus on determining the time scales of equilibration for which we propose an analytical model based on the boundary layer analysis. The obtained characteristic times are especially for low silicate viscosities very short that supports the idea that the drops attained equilibrium while sinking.
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HPLC Determination of Neopterin, Tryptophan, Kynurenine and Creatinine in Human Serum
Prokopová, Veronika ; Solich, Petr (advisor) ; Matysová, Ludmila (referee)
In this work the new HPLC method for simultaneous determination of neopterin, tryptophan, kynurenine and creatinine was developed and validated. For separation of analytes two monolithic columns (Chromolith Speed ROD RP-18e, 50 x 4.6 mm and Chromolith Performance RP-18e, 100 x 3.0 mm) were connected together. In front of this connection Chromolith Guard RP-18e, 10 x 4.6 mm disc for better separation and serum proteins elimination was used. Neopterin and tryptophan were monitored using fluorescent detection. Neopterin was monitored at 353 nm excitation and 438 nm emission wavelength, for tryptophan 245 nm excitation and 404 emission wavelength was used. The detection of creatinine and kynurenine was carried out with help of diode array detector at wavelength 235 nm for creatinine and 230 nm for kynurenine. As the mobile phase 15 mmol/l phosphate buffer at pH 4.51 was used with the flow rate 1 ml/min in time 0 - 3 minutes, then the flow rate was changed to 2.3 ml/min. The total time of analysis was 9.5 minutes including the column equilibration. The injection volume of sample was 1 µl. This method was developed and validated using the standards of analytes and also in human serum.
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Financial analysis as a tool for asset and capital management
BLAŽKOVÁ, Andrea
This thesis deals with general characteristics of financial analysis, the importance of financial analysis for financial management, an expression of financial ratios, including their systems, economic value added, and some bankruptcy and creditworthy models. The analytical section of the thesis applies selected financial indicators to interpret the financial situation of the constructional company Hochtief CZ.
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HPLC Determination of Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol
Bažantová, Aneta ; Jezberová, Michaela (advisor) ; Lázníčková, Alice (referee)
Title: HPLC determination of delta-9-tetrahydrocanabinol Author: Aneta Bažantová Supervisor: RNDr. Michaela Hamerníková, Ph.D. Department: Department of Biophysics and Physical Chemistry The aim of my work was to develop a suitable analytical method for forensic application (without heat treatment of examined sample during analysis to prevent an increase of ∆9 -THC content in the sample) to detect delta-9-tetrahydrocanabinol from cannabis. I optimised and validated conditions of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the quantitative analysis of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9 -THC) in the n- hexane extract of marihuana. Quantitation was accomplished with the internal standard (IS) method using beta-17-estardiol acetate. The separation was achieved on a reverse-phase C18 column, using methanol and water (90:10) as mobile phase. The compounds were eluted isocratically at a flow rate of 1ml/min. The compounds were analyzed with fluorescence detection at 220nm/317nm. The retention time of ∆9 -THC and the IS was 9.97min and 5.25 min, respectively, and the total run time of the assay was around 10 min.The validation characteristics included linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection and quantification and robustness. The calibration curve was linear over the range of...
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Influence of term of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus) desiccation on yield and seed quality
Rajtmajer, Stanislav ; Bečka, David (advisor) ; Petr, Petr (referee)
Rapeseed is the world's third most important oil plant (the second seminal). It is the most cultivation and most important oil plant in Czech Republic. Winter rapeseed reaches about 85% of the harvest area of oilseeds in the country. The desiccation of oilseed crop is sphere of agricultural engineering, which is still worth discussing. The main problems are how to use the product, what dose and which dates to choose to desiccate. The results of this thesis could help to partially clarify this complex issue.
The aim of the thesis is to observe the effect of different terms oilseed rape desiccation by glyphosate on yield and seed quality.
Small-plot experiments to investigate the influence of the term desiccation of winter rapeseed were established in the years 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 on the lands of the experimental station of the Czech Agricultural University, Faculty of Agronomy Food and Natural Resources at the Červený Újezd.
In the first experimental year 2013/2014 was founded five variants in three replications (including undesiccated control). In the year 2014/2015 was founded seven variants in four replicates (including undesiccated controls). In the first experimental year was the first term desiccation 16. 6. 2014, the second year 8. 6. 2015. Subsequent periods of desiccation were a week apart.
The variety of winter rapeseed used for the experiments was a hybrid variety Rohan. The desiccating agent was used Dominator active substance glyphosate. The dose of
4 l / ha + 200 l H2O.
For all samples, both experimental, years yield was determined, the weight of a thousand seeds and oiliness. For desiccated variants were carried out pre-harvest analysis for the determination of solids in pods. Further, all harvested samples taken for laboratory germination test (Determination of germination) ISTA according to the methodology. The results of the experiment sprouting were statistically analyzed using ANOVA analysis of variance. Differences between mean values were evaluated by Tukey test, the computer program SAS at a significance level of p = 0.05.
Effect of desiccation term influences of winter oilseed rape seed quality in terms of weight and thousands of seeds in terms of oil content. Too early desiccation (46 to 39 days before harvest) HTS reduced by 7-17% and the oil content of 2-4% of the overall average. Oiliness of the observed characters minimum interference term desiccation. Desiccation in the optimum date (17 days before harvest) increased oiliness of 1-6%.
Influence term desiccation oilseed rape also greatly influences seed yield.
Too early desiccation (46 to 39 days before harvest) reduced the yield by 11-14%. Undesiccated control in both years achieved the highest yields, increase yield by 5-12%. Desiccation in the optimum date (17 days before harvest) increased the yield of attempts by 5-6%.
The term desiccation of winter rapeseed, also significantly affects the vitality of seeds, where very reduces energy germinating seedlings in the first days. The term desiccation, however, does not affect overall seed germination. Too early desiccation (46 to 39 days before harvest) EK2 decreased by 12-40%, EK3 decreased by 4-24%, 3-4% EK4 and extended MGT of 7-15%. In the first experimental year was the most vital option undesiccated control (EK2 = 50.4% = 91.3% EK3, EK4 = 97.9%). In the second experimental year was the most vital seeds of the optimal term desiccation, (Sixth term, 17 days before harvest) = 68.9% EK2, EK3 = 98.2%, EK4 = 100%. Seed samples of 2014/15 had a higher overall vitality of seeds, than samples from 2013/14, the overall vitality is probably worse given year old and transsilaged seed.
The results of the two-year experiment that term desiccation affects the quality of seeds, the yield of seeds and vitality of seeds. Pre-analysis was determined optimum solids content in siliques desiccated samples to values of 40-50%. Like most technology seems to desiccation in the optimum date (17 days before harvest) and agro technology without desiccated vegetation. As the least appropriate technology seems very early desiccation (46 to 30 days before harvest).
The first scientific hypothesis: Premature desiccation reduces seed yield, oil content and HTS. Yes, the hypothesis was confirmed.
The second scientific hypothesis: Desiccation made in the correct term do not affect the quality of the seeds (oiliness and HTS). Yes, the hypothesis was confirmed.
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Analytical evaluation of drugs using chromatographic methods III.
Strýčková, Kristýna ; Mokrý, Milan (advisor) ; Sochor, Jaroslav (referee)
Analytical evaluation of drugs using Chromatographic Methods III. Thesis Kristýna Strýčková Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control The thesis draws up the optimum chromatographic conditions for the HPLC analysis of fumagillin in honey and the procedure of the isolation of the drug from honey. The optimum results were provided by the analysis on the Tessek column with the Separon SGX NH2 filling, while using the mobile phase composed of methanol : ammonium acetate (aqueous solution 0.005 mol/l, v/v) in the ratio of 60:40, at a flow rate of 1 ml/min and pressure of 25 to 26 bar. The detection was performed at 335 nm using the UV detector. The internal standard method was drawn up for the determination of fumagillin in honey. Nimesulid suited the selected conditions most. As far as the validation parameters are concerned, the linearity was verified on the basis of calibration curve.
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