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Changes in diet and physical activity during the COVID age
Lorencová, Marie ; Sládková, Petra (advisor) ; Svěcená, Kateřina (referee)
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the daily routine of everyone in the Czech Republic, even school-age children, whose daily rhythm has been completely changed due to school closures. Children were left without regular exercise at school and in after-school clubs, they were eating irregularly and with a different food composition, and their sleeping patterns shifted. Many children returned to school fat and physically unfit after the government measures ended. For fat children, this change could have a negative impact on their health. The aim of this study was to obtain information on changes in eating and exercise habits of school-aged children before, during and after the lockdown. The information obtained from each period was compared and evaluated. Another aim was to determine whether the observed group of children had gained weight or not due to the changed daily routine during the covid restrictions, and for those who had gained weight, selected values from blood tests taken by a paediatric and adolescent general practitioner were monitored to see whether the values had moved outside the reference limits. By processing the questionnaire responses, I expect to confirm the three suppositions that children worsened their eating habits during the lockdown in both composition and frequency of...
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Nutrition and alimentation in pregnancy
ŠTĚPÁNKOVÁ, Petra
The bachelor thesis entitled Nutrition and Alimentation in pregnancy deals with the definition of pregnancy, nutrition before conception, energy requirements and weight gain in pregnancy, nutrition during pregnancy, alternative directions in nutrition during pregnancy and addictive substances in pregnancy. Nutrition is an essential part of the proper course of pregnancy and is needed for proper fetal development. Certain substances such as alcohol and heavy metals in predatory fish should be avoided during pregnancy as they can have a negative effect on the whole pregnancy, the woman and the baby. In this work, two objectives were set. The first objective was to find out the nutritional awareness of pregnant women and the second objective was to find out how pregnant women eat during pregnancy. The first objective was achieved through quantitative research, specifically through the questionnaire method and the second objective was achieved by collecting and analyzing dietary intake from ten pregnant respondents. A total of 128 pregnant women participated in the questionnaire survey. Through the research, it was found that the respondents get most information about nutrition in pregnancy from the internet and least information from a dietitian, lectures or from television and radio. Few fruits and vegetables were included in the diet, and on the contrary, a lot of dairy products were included. Nutrition is an essential part of life and also of pregnancy. It would therefore be advisable to inform pregnant women more about nutrition, for example through lectures given by a dietitian.
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Diet of proffesional drivers from the perspective of nutrition therapist
KARÁSEK, Jiří
The diet of professional drivers is very different from the general population. This difference is due to a number of factors. Extraordinary working hours, irregular sleep, physical inactivity and stress. Poor facilities for the actual preparation and storage of food and poorer availability of factory catering. Professional drivers therefore often suffer from a range of health complications including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, hypertension and metabolic syndrome. The aim of the bachelor thesis was to investigate the diet of professional drivers in the Czech Republic. To map their diet in terms of caloric intake, macronutrient intake and sugars. And secondly, to find out whether the offer in the catering facilities they use during working hours corresponds to their demand. Quantitative research was chosen to meet the objectives. Anthropometric data such as height, weight, BMI and waist circumference were collected and evaluated. A questionnaire focusing on lifestyle and eating habits and an evaluation of the last 24 hours' diet. Data collection was conducted at motorway rest areas in the Central Bohemia region. The research population consisted of 30 professional truck drivers in the age range of 29- 60 years. The bachelor thesis revealed significantly higher values of BMI and waist circumference compared to the average values of the population in the Czech Republic. The questionnaire survey revealed the diet and lifestyle of the professional drivers on the road. More than half of the respondents were smokers, two thirds drink alcohol and most of them do not engage in any physical activity. Analysis of the menus showed that their calorie intake was on average 14% higher than their daily energy needs and their consumption of sugars was noticeably higher than the recommendations. The bachelor thesis provides a comprehensive view of the diet and lifestyle of professional drivers. It highlights the impact of improper diet and the incidence of associated complications. The bachelor thesis is intended to raise awareness in society of this issue and may be useful to health care personnel who work with patients in the driving profession.
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Evaluation the suitability of edibles which are most often part of the snack of pupils aged between 11 and 15 from selected school
Zemanová, Adéla ; Váchová, Alena (advisor) ; Hanušová, Jaroslava (referee)
The bachelor's thesis deals with snacks of secondary school pupils. The research problem is the difference between recommended healthy snacks and their real eating habits. The aim of the practical part is to evaluate the eating habits of pupils aged between 11 and 15 years during breaks. Find out what the children are bringing for their snacks, what they are really eating and who is preparing their snacks. Then compare the types of food in a school snack, whether it is sweet or salty and theirs drinking habits. Quantitative research was conducted to obtain the necessary research data. The research was carried out at a selected elementary school by way of an anonymous questionnaire survey in paper form. The research involved 135 respondents, out of that 130 questionnaires were used. Gathered sample consisted of 53.1% women and 46.9% men. Almost all of respondents bring a snack to school every day, 2 respondents never bring one and others occasionally. Most often they bring a snack so that they are not hungry at school, because they are hungry or so that they can eat. The most common snack is buttered bread, with fruit and/or vegetables, the second most common snack is buttered bread with fruit and/or vegetables and biscuits and/or sweets. The drinking habits are insufficient for about three quarters...
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Vyhodnocení úrovně plnění nutričních požadavků seniorů ve vybraném domově pro seniory
REINDL, Karolína
In the field of nutrition, there has been a major shift in recent years in understanding the impact of food intake and overall diet on the human body. For older people the importance in this area is reflected in the need for higher demands on care. Retirement homes and their dining facilities usually cover a wide range of their clients' needs, including food. One indicator of quality of life is the area of nutrition; therefore, great emphasis should be placed on the quality and composition of the food intake. The aim of the diploma thesis was to find out the current state of catering for seniors in the retirement home in terms of nutritional quality of food served with respect to gender and age of clients. It should be assessed whether the composition of the diets corresponds to the principles of rational nutrition of seniors and whether there are seasonal differences between individual diets during the year. Weekly diet was evaluated in every season of the year. To assess whether the weekly diets meet the nutrient requirements for the category of senior men and women, the DACH standard issued in 2019 was chosen. Each of the nutrients was evaluated in terms of nutritional and energy value. Individual nutrient values of macronutrients and micronutrients were searched in several databases. When assessing whether the weekly menus meet the standards for the need for nutrients for the senior category, it was found that, with exceptions, macronutrients were supplied in larger than recommended amounts, especially for proteins and fats, which was also reflected in a higher energy intake. On the other hand, part of the micronutrients (vitamin D, C and calcium) were below the recommended norm. The largest deviation from the norm was achieved for vitamin D (-90.18%) in September, but this does not indicate the total intake of vitamin D, but only its dietary intake. On average, a person receives 4 to 5 g of D from the diet (i.e. 20-25% of the RDA) and the rest is synthesized by the body from endogenous sources, so the result was very good. The other micronutrients (vit. A and Fe) were met with slight deviations from the norm. The seasonality of food was reflected by the selection of seasonal vegetables and by an appropriate selection of soups. In conclusion, it can be stated that the nutrition of seniors in the retirement home with all-day care is guided by the staff of the catering facility in an effort to comply with nutritional standards, which is only partially successful. It has been proposed to create diets with foods that are less energy intensive and contain less fat. It would be appropriate to include more fruits and vegetables in the diet, to cover vitamin C deficiency, for example in the form of vegetable salads or enriching the breakfast with fresh fruit together with a dairy product. For the regular supply of vitamin D (diet) and calcium, fish and egg dishes have proven to be beneficial, it would be beneficial to include products fortified with vitamin D, such as milk and milk products, breakfast cereals, cocoa, pastries, or the administration of food supplements (fish oil in the form of Omega 3 capsules, etc.). The organism of the elderly has a greater need for vitamin D, therefore its intake in food is very important.
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Satisfaction with the Services Provided in Nursing Homes
BOUČKOVÁ, Lucie
The bachelor thesis focuses on satisfaction with services provided in homes for the elderly in the Příbram district. The aim of the bachelor thesis was to find out how satisfied users are with the services provided in homes for the elderly in the Příbram district. The bachelor thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part describes the concepts related to the title of this bachelor thesis - old age, ageing and the associated ageism, aspects of ageing or ageing population, senior and communication with him/her, needs of seniors or the definition of satisfaction. Last but not least, the topics of social care for the elderly, the social worker, social services for the elderly and finally I have described the actual service of the home for the elderly. In the practical part, I set one main research question, which was "How satisfied are the users of the retirement home with the services provided?", and to this six sub-questions were set. For data collection, qualitative research and interview method, semi-structured interview technique was chosen. The size of the research population was not precisely determined in advance, the questioning was conducted to theoretical saturation - only two criteria were given, namely that they must be users of one of the homes for the elderly in the district of Příbram and they must be able to communicate and understand the questions. The informants with whom the research was conducted were 16 in total. The aim of the Bachelor's thesis was fulfilled and it was found that all users of homes for the elderly in Příbram district are satisfied with the services provided. The results of the bachelor thesis can serve as feedback for the homes for the elderly where the research was carried out and as a stimulus for possible improvement of services in order to contribute to the increase of user satisfaction. Furthermore, it can help those interested in this residential service in their decision making process.
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Specifics of nutrition of sport active children and their quality of acquaintance with sports nutrition
Vondrovská, Michaela ; Pěkný, Martin (advisor) ; Blažek, Dušan (referee)
Title: Specifics of nutrition of sports active children and their quality of acquaintance with sports nutrition Author: Michaela Vondrovská DiS. Supervisor: PhDr. Mgr. Martin Pěkný, Ph. D. Objectives: The first goal of this work is to find out to what extent sports children know sports nutrition, what overview they have about diet and whether they think that nutrition can affect their sports performance. The second goal of the work is to find out whether children believe that proper eating can affect sports performance. The third goal is to create opportunities and proposals to improve children's awareness of nutrition area and diet. Methods: The necessary data were obtained by a non-invasive method of online survey. This survey was performed on children aged between 8 to 13 years. Results: As a result of the work, it was found that 79% of respondents are interested in changing their diet for the better. However, at the same time, 85% of respondents said they do not think that rational nutrition could affect sports performance. Keywords: Nutrition, healthy nutrition, diet, children, sports
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Rozdíly stravování mezi žáky SŠ a jejich životní styl
Hanousková, Alice
The bachelor´s thesis is focused on the eating habits of high school students and their lifestyle. The aim of the theoretical part is to explain the issues of eating, healthy lifestyle and to define the factors, that affect this issue. The theoretical part also focused on clarifying the need for macro and micronutrients for organism during adolescence and deriving consequences inappropriate eating and lifestyle. The practical part is devoted to quantitative research which takes the form of a questionnaire survey. The aim of the practical part was to find out and compare the re-sults in eating and lifestyle between the pupils of the graduation field of the hotel indus-try and the field of study chef-waiter. The respondents for this finding were pupils of a selected high school in the Vyškov district.
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