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Characteristics of the Czech language of Russian students(with a focus on selected phonetic and morphosyntactic phenomena)
Ramasheuskaya, Katsiaryna ; Šebesta, Karel (advisor) ; Bednaříková, Božena (referee) ; Giger, Markus (referee)
Language adaptation of foreigners is always accompanied by a number of problems connected to the acquisition and the use of the language which becomes the primary communicative tool in the new environment. Ignoring and underestimating these problems typical of a particular language community can result in a failure to master the target language and consequently in the unsuccessful integration in the new society. This thesis is aimed at specific problems in the area of morphosyntax and phonetics, characteristic of Russian-speaking students of Czech. At the same time, it warns about the danger of overestimating positive transfer from Russian and emphasizes the necessity of using special didactic approach in teaching this group of foreign-language speakers. The analysis of the chosen language phenomena is based on the data from the Database of the voice recordings of spoken Czech by native speakers of Russian and the Database of language mistakes in Czech made by speakers whose native language is another Slavic language, which were created, among others, for the purpose of this thesis. The attention is specifically focused on the use of the reflexive se/si, forms of the auxiliary verb to be in the past tense, short forms of personal pronouns in spoken and written production of Russian-speaking...
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Czech translation of Russian transgresivs in classical literature
Ponomareva, Varvara ; Ivanovová, Darina (advisor) ; Hasil, Jiří (referee)
This bachelor paper research on the possibilities of the translation of participles and transgressive turnovers from Russian to Czech language. Its aim it to determine the frequency of participles and other language resources use in transgressive Czech translations of Russian fiction; determine whether the choice of other means than the participles leads to the exact expression of the authors intentions; determine the most and least appropriate translation of Russian participles.
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Czech Language of Native Speakers of Russian
Lehovcová, Eva ; Šebesta, Karel (advisor) ; Rosová, Anna (referee)
The diploma thesis Czech Language of Native Speakers of Russian is a study which analyses the use of the Czech language by few non-native speakers whose native language is Russian. The first theoretical section constists of introduction to the most important theories in the field of language acquisition and selected types of analyses which will be used in my own research. The second part contains specification of my goals, approaches and the description of used materials. Third, there are language biographies of my speakers and analysis of several texts (or transcripts of oral recordings) with the emphasis on the influence of speaker's L1. The analysis of data is the accuracy, complexity and fluency measuring that should test qualities of speaker's language use from various points of view. The conclusion summarizes the results of the research and verification of my hypothesis. Key words: non-native speaker, Russian, Czech as foreign language, language error, fluency, accuracy, complexity
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Transcription of the French Toponyms into Russian
Tomová, Simona ; Kitzlerová, Jana (advisor) ; Lendělová, Věra (referee)
TOMOVÁ, Simona: Transcription of the French Toponyms into Russian [Bachelor Thesis]. Charles University. Faculty of Arts; Institute of East European Studies. Bachelor thesis instructor: Mgr. Jana KITZLEROVÁ, Ph.D. Graduate degree designation: Bachelor (Bc.). Praha, UK, FF, ÚVES, 2014. Pages 67. The subject of thesis is to analyze the transcription of the French toponyms into Russian. In the introduction, the work is devoted to the characteristics of analyzed languages and it defines the essential differences between French and Russian in their classification, orthography and phonetics. It mainly focuses on the differences in phonetic systems of the languages, which are crucial for the issue of transcription. The thesis then defines the development, use and types of the transcription and discusses the methods to transcribe one language system to another. The thesis also defines the main principles for transcription from the Latin script into the Cyrillic script. In the section devoted to the analysis of transcription, work assigns the selected toponyms to the each type of transcription and it explains how the transcription rules were used. By this method, it is possible to highlight the diversity of the principles applied in the transcribed geographical names. The thesis is accompanied by French -...
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Bilingualism management in the situation of language shift: Discourses, problems and the landscape of Belarus
Sloboda, Marián ; Nekvapil, Jiří (advisor) ; Gladkova, Hana (referee) ; Ondrejovič, Slavo (referee)
Práce se věnuje managementu bilingvismu v situaci jazykového posunu, tj. tomu, jak se jednotlivci a organizace chovají vůči dvojjazyčnosti, jak s ní zacházejí, a to v situaci, kdy společnost přechází od užívání jednoho jazyka k jazyku jinému. Práce se konkrétně zaměřuje na vybrané, dosud méně zkoumané aspekty současné jazykové situace v Bělorusku. Analyzované aspekty zahrnují: 1) geosémiotiku a management jazykového posunu na nápisech ve veřejném prostoru, 2) management jazykových problémů se zaměřením na školství a 3) snahy o obrácený jazykový posun k běloruštině. Pozornost se přitom věnuje korespondencím mezi jazykovým managementem občanů a státních nebo jiných veřejných organizací. Cílem práce je přispět jak k lepšímu poznání jazykové situace v Bělorusku, tak k rozpracování některých sociolingvistických konceptů, jako je zejména jazykový posun a jazykový problém. Práce aplikuje teorii jazykového managementu jako obecný model jazykového posunu a jako instrument k diagnostikaci jazykových problémů. Při aplikaci teorie v uvedených kontextech se ukázalo jako užitečné rozšířit ji o koncept diskurzu a kolektivního jednání, které pomůžou konceptualizovat propojení mezi jednoduchým a organizovaným jazykovým managementem, respektive mezi mikrosociální a makrosociální rovinou. Klíčová slova bilingvismus,...
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Semantic characteristics of paremias with key word "water" (an attempt at comparative analysis within Russian and Czech)
Kipchatov, Mikhail ; Kedron, Katerina (advisor) ; Rajnochová, Natalie (referee)
The bachelor thesis describes semantic specifics of the Czech and Russian paremias which include "water" as a key word. The aim of the thesis is to discover similarities and differences among paremias which incorporate the "water" component formally. The main methods displayed in the following thesis are comparative and semantic analysis. In Part 1 the main group of paremias (proverbs and sayings) problematics is described, as well as their interaction with other types of fixed expressions (phrasemes, idioms, adages etc.). Part 2 contains two classifications one of which is based on semantic properties of the "water" component; the classification includes the most typical oppositions within which the component is realised in Czech and Russian. The second classification of paremias with key word "water" is founded on the theory of semantic fields (taxa).
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People with undetermined citizenship - the case of Estonia
Brabcová, Olga ; Švec, Luboš (advisor) ; Litera, Bohuslav (referee)
Maters thesis People with undetermined citizenship the case of Estonia , describes the situation of the group of people who has no citizenship. The status of those people is described by chronological analysis of Estonian law and analysis of their socioeconomic position. They came to Estonia after the Second World War from different republics of USSR. When Estonian independence was renewed they had to adapt at new living conditions. Some of them are not successful. They did not get the automatic right to get Estonian citizenship. In Estonian law the main principal is the principal of state continuity. It means that immigrants have to naturalize. They have to pass the exam of the state language and fulfill the requirements concerning the permanent residence permit. Estonian law gives people with undetermined citizenship almost the same rights as to Estonian citizens the exceptions are active and passive right to vote to Parliament and the right to be elected to local councils. From 2006 there is even the advantage for them because they can travel to Russia without visa. They are not discriminated economically the problem is mostly in the indirect impact of division of Soviet time society. People with undetermined citizenship usually cannot speak well Estonian. It makes it difficult to find a good...
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The Pied Piper of Marina Tsvetaeva: Genesis, Reception and Translations of Poems with Commentary
Zakiyanov, Oskar ; Hlaváček, Antonín (advisor)
Russian poet Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva (1892-1941) is one of the world's most prominent authors of the early 20th century. The Pied Piper (Ratcatcher) is the magnum opus of her work. The aim of my thesis was to literally translate the poem and provide a detailed commentary on the poem. Translation is designed for the future Slavonic Studies, but also for the wider public. The translation is a kind of proposal and could be used as the default text for a possible poetic translation of the poem into Czech. The intention of the commentary is to point out the relationships of the Tsvetaeva's Pied Piper and possible sources of inspiration of the texts of other authors or her own original works. The commentary also explains the concepts specific to the creation of Tsvetaeva and her characteristic individual poetic methods. The commentary, however, provide, nearly no interpretation. It is used only as a supplementary comment on individual parts in order to enable better understanding of the original text and the translation. The first chapters deal with the history of the poem, its genesis, and reception by critics and writers. Followed by technical notes to the translated text, where a reader would find an explanation of the peculiarities of the original text, including syntactic difficulties, which are the clues...
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Titles of contracts and contractors in Russian and Czech language
HRUŠKOVÁ, Nikola
40 pages, introduction, 3 main chapters, conclusion, resume, list of literature. Bachelor thesis contains titles of contracts in Russian language, it´s definitions from Russian codes and names of contractors. With this are assigned Czech equivalents of titles and definitions according to Czech codes. Last chapter contains brief analysis of titles.
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