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Causes of conflict in Africa. The case of the Democratic Republic of Congo
Hanková, Barbora ; Werkman, Kateřina (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
This thesis aims to explore selected theoretical approaches investigating the causes of conflicts on the African continent and then try to apply it to the particular case of the Democratic Republic of Congo and its second war, running from 1998-2003, and then assess the impact of each selected causes of this particular Congolese conflict. This Work in the first chapters outlines the chosen theories related to the causes of armed conflicts in Africa, focusing on three selected causes of conflict: natural resources, ethnicity and weak state. These chapters are theoretical basis for the analysis found in the final chapter. It then evaluates the impact of chosen variables on the outbreak of the Congolese war. Based on the analysis the author draws the following conclusions: 1st the main cause of the second war in the DRC, running in the years 1998 - 2003, can be considered as raw materials, or the efforts of rebel groups and neighboring countries to control and subsequent illegal mining of mineral wealth of The Congo; 2nd although ethnic factors are not the main cause of the second Congolese war, their impact on the conflict, especially in the early days of the conflict is obvious; 3rd nature of the State, namely the weakness of the Government of DRC, ranked according to key indicators, turns out to be the most...
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Analysis of the Influence of Presence of Natural Resources on Civil Wars in Sub-Saharan Africa
Sniehotta, Michal ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Drahokoupil, Štěpán (referee)
The thesis analyzes the issue of the influence of presence of natural resources on civil wars in Sub-Saharan Africa. Its purpose is to analyze in detail the possible consequences of natural resources on these conflicts in the area in question. The thesis comprises three main parts. The first theoretical part starts with the introduction of the main theoretical concepts (the "theory" of the curse of natural resources and the concept of a rentier state), which presume the existence of a causal relation between the occurrence of natural resources and negative, mainly development-related, consequences in countries that are dependent on them. Subsequently it described selected economic, social, and institutional undesirable phenomena associated with the presence of natural resources. Professional literature, for instance, often mentions the possible connection between primary commodities and civil wars. In this respect the initial part of the thesis is concluded with a presentation of theoretical explanations of the relation between these two variables. It presents expert views of natural resources as a possible cause of civil wars, potential source of finances, and a factor influencing the duration, the way of waging, and other features of civil wars. It also includes an analysis of the influence of...
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Essays on Natural Resource Richness, Economic Growth and Institutional Quality
Zeynalov, Ayaz ; Horváth, Roman (advisor) ; Janda, Karel (referee) ; Frensch, Richard (referee) ; Hartwell, Christopher (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Social Sciences Institute of Economic Studies DISSERTATION THESIS ABSTRACT Essays on Natural Resource Richness, Economic Growth and Institutional Quality Author: Ayaz Zeynalov Supervisor: Doc. Roman Horvath, Ph.D Academic Year: 2016/2017 Abstract This dissertation consists of three empirical papers on natural resource, economic growth and institutional quality. The first paper analyzes possible publication bias and the reason for contradictory findings in the natural resource literature, the second paper examines the effect of natural resource exports on manufacturing performance in the 15 former Soviet Union countries, and the last addresses whether similarities in country income size and at the institutional level encourage increased amounts of bilateral trade between countries. An introductory chapter puts these three papers into perspective. In the first paper, I analyze 43 studies providing 605 different regression specifica- tions and found that approximately 40% report a negative and statistically significant effect, another 40% report no effect, and the remaining 20% report a positive and statistically significant effect of natural resources on economic growth. The findings show that including interaction between natural resources and institutional quality, controlling...
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Causes of Civil Wars in Sub-Saharan Africa
Sniehotta, Michal ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Slačálek, Ondřej (referee)
Annotation: The Bachelor thesis deals with the civil war causes, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this Bachelor thesis is to identify, summarize and systematize theories of the civil war causes and find out the main factors contributing to the war eruption in the area of the sub-Saharan Africa. The thesis is divided into two parts. In the first theoretic part the term "civil war" is defined and characterized in relation to other types of wars and forms of organized violence. This is followed by the description of the most important contemporary theories explaining the causes of civil wars. The second part of this thesis is dedicated to the testing of the hypothesis dealing with the representative civil war causes in the area of sub- Saharan Africa.
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Foreign Direct Investment in Mongolia - Its determining factors and policies
Renchindorj, Enkh-Amgalan ; Benáček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Stakhovych, Lyudmyla (referee)
Bibliography RENCHINDORJ, Enkh-Amgalan. Foreign Direct Investment in Mongolia -Its determining factors and policies. Prague 2012. 57 p. Bachelor thesis (Bc.). Charles University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Economic studies. Supervisor of the thesis is doc. ing. Vladimír Benáček, CSc. Abstract Title: Foreign Direct Investment in Mongolia - Its determining factors and policies Author: Enkh-Amgalan Renchindorj Supervisor: doc. ing. Vladimír Benáček, CSc. Abstract It is considered that Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has an important role for economic growth and economic development in particularly developing countries. In today's world are almost all countries that involved in the process of international investment cooperation. It has become axiomatic that sustainable economic development is impossible without the effective participation in global economic processes, including those without the active involvement of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Mongolia is a one of the fastest growing country in the world and like any other developing countries; nowadays FDI is one of the important factors in the economic development of Mongolia. This country has rich natural and mineral resources and recently has discovered world's largest copper-gold ore and become one of the top FDI attracting countries...
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Exploitation and protection of natural resources in terms of law
Mazancová Dupláková, Daniela ; Damohorský, Milan (advisor) ; Sobotka, Michal (referee) ; Müllerová, Hana (referee)
This thesis focuses on legislation governing the use and protection of natural resources. In each chapter this thesis undertakes a comparison of Czech and Slovak legislation which governs the use and protection of natural resources. This thesis is divided into five main chapters. The first chapter contains a general introduction of the role of natural resources in the society. The next chapter is focused on the regulation of the use and protection of natural resources through legislation, including international, EU law and national law. The third chapter deals with non renewables with an accent on the use and protection of mineral resources. Part of the third chapter is also focused on the use and protection of soil and water. The fourth chapter discusses renewables and specifically deals with the use and protection of flora, forests, fauna and renewable sources of energy. The final chapter contains a short excursion into the field of legal regulation of France.The use and protection of natural resources also has significance beyond national borders, so it is necessary to regulate the matter through instruments of international law and EU law. The basic framework for the use and protection of natural resources is determined by the constitutional order which lays down basic rights and duties generally...
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The Influence of Natural Resource Dependency on US Foreign Policy. Case Study: the Persian Gulf War
Ducháč, Tomáš ; Žídková, Markéta (advisor) ; Binhack, Petr (referee)
The goal of this work is to analyze what role the dependence on natural resources played in US foreign policy in the Persian Gulf War. Natural resources and especially oil were inseparable component of the US economic development from the second part of the 20th century. Regardless of the continuous effort of government administration the US was not able reduce its dependency on import of foreign resources. The reliance on world market and the effort to control its dependency through the control of natural resources located beyond the US boarders led to the projection of these issues to the US foreign policy. The first chapter of the work is theoretical and deals with the views of particular authors on the determinants of US foreign policy in regard to natural resources. The situation of the US was characterized by hegemonic position, which enabled the US to pursue its interest on a global scale. The second chapter analyses the development of US natural resource dependency in respect to the US economy from the beginning of the 20th century to the Persian Gulf War. The chapter identifies the most important natural resources and the strategic significance of the Persian Gulf. The final chapter evaluates the role natural resources had on America's decision to enter the war.
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Variability Among Determinants of Education Attainment: the Effect of Natural Resources and Institutional Quality in Sub-Sahar Africa
Hanspal, Tobin ; Bauer, Michal (advisor) ; Riegl, Martin (referee)
Master's Thesis: Tobin Hanspal May 18th, 2012 Variability Among Determinants of Education Attainment: The Effect of Natural Resources and Institutional Quality in Sub-Sahara Africa ABSTRACT: This thesis exploits survey data from 21 Sub-Saharan African countries. After constructing a dataset of over 100,000 households to analyze the variability in traditional determinants of schooling attainment across exogenous domains, results indicate strong heterogeneity across countries in the effects of household composition and parental background. Additionally, findings suggest that 1) marginal effects of parental education are on average three times smaller for secondary compared to primary school attainment, 2) countries with lower corruption are correlated with higher levels of educational mobility, 3) dependence on natural resource revenue is associated with increased educational mobility. And finally 4) household wealth becomes a stronger determinant in countries with better institutions. Exogenous factors appears to have a large correlative impact on schooling outcomes, such as individuals belonging to the richest households have almost ten times the chances of completing primary schooling over the poorest quintile in less corrupt states compared to only a marginal advantage in highly corrupt states.
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Art education in the after-school club specialized on the using of nature resources
Kaprálková, Petra ; Šmíd, Jan (advisor) ; Krejčová, Alena (referee)
My Bachelor work deals with the possibility of the use of natural resources within the frame of the creative art education of children inside the after-school club. I try to focus on familiarization with different variety of natural resources and its utilization in context of pastime activities, concretely inside the after-school club. In full details described preparation and realization of the creative expression and using of natural resources are the part of the project documentation. The aim of my work is approach to the work with children during out- of-school activities inside the after-school club, encourage and support the creation of the positive relation to the ecology and respectable behavior to the nature, as well as using of natural resources for handicraft art.
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Determinants of FDI in Sub-Saharan Africa
Choutka, Petr ; Janský, Petr (advisor) ; Hrušová, Ivona (referee)
Determinants of foreign direct investment in Sub-Saharan Africa Abstract This paper deals with determinants of foreign direct investments in Sub-Saharan Africa. This region has been considered very risky for foreign investors and the only incentive for FDI was seen in natural resources, especially oil. The objective of this paper is to find out whether this trend has prevailed in the past decade or if countries that managed to improve their institutional environment attracted significant amount of FDI into other sectors of economy. Standard econometric models are employed to explain FDI flows to individual countries. Not only FDI flows but also the share of FDI to GDP and accumulated FDI are used as dependent variable. The results confirm the fact, that natural resources still play the most important role for inward FDI. Key words: foreign direct investment, natural resources, Sub-Saharan Africa
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