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Why do people tend to not saying goodbye to the dead?
HYBRANTOVÁ, Jana
The diploma thesis deals with the search for answering the question of people´s not saying goodbye to the deceased. The first chapter deals with the topic of dying and death in the past and compares it to the present situation. Another chapter emphasizes the significance of the ritual in human life, it deals with the early and current funeral rituals, their justified meaning from a psychological point of view. It also deals with the places of the last resting of our ancestors. The third chapter deals with the ethical aspect of this issue and, in particular, with the search for the answers, which are the cause of the current situation. The last chapter focuses on social work with survivors, deals with accompanying, mourning, and counseling help.
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The legal status of the embryo from the perspective of European human rights protection
Havlíková, Barbora ; Scheu, Harald Christian (advisor) ; Svobodová, Magdaléna (referee)
Title The legal status of the embryo from the perspective of European human rights protection Abstract The thesis addresses the question regarding the legal status of the human embryo in European law. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate whether the embryo stands in the position of a legal object or legal subject and whether the legal status of embryo is in compliance with natural law. For this purpose the thesis firstly defines the status in the field of natural law, i.e. the moral status of embryo. Afterwards, the thesis examines the legal position of embryo in human rights protection. The thesis answers the question whether the embryo is subject of human rights documents. The legal status of embryo is analyzed in relation to the subjectivity of human rights in general as well as in relation to specific rights. The interpretation of legal terms "human being" and "everyone" contribute to a better understanding of legal status of embryo in general. The analysis of the specific rights, namely the right to life, human dignity, personal integrity and non-discrimination, shows the complexity of the potential legal subjectivity of embryo in the area of human rights. The evaluation of the legal status of human embryo in the area of human rights protection is complemented by an assessment of legal status in other...
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Analysis of the relation between Catholic social teaching and standpoints of "Freedom and Direct Democracy - Tomio Okamura" party
Esterle, Štěpán ; Červenková, Denisa (advisor) ; Štica, Petr (referee)
This thesis is concerned with finding a relationship between the principles of Catholic social teaching and the written views of the Freedom and Direct Democracy - Tomio Okamura party as presented on the party's website. At the beginning of the thesis the reader is briefly introduced to individual principles of Catholic social teaching. For the purposes of this thesis five principles have been chosen which are mentioned in the Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church. These are the principles of human dignity, the common good, universal destination of goods, subsidiarity, and solidarity. Then the reader is acquainted with the basic views of the Freedom and Direct Democracy - Tomio Okamura party (SPD). By way of indicative research on the particular views of SPD, three topics are then formulated, which are most often mentioned by SPD. These consist of the European Union, foreign policy and migration. Comparison of these most frequently mentioned topics with Catholic social teaching and other relevant resources creates a base for further confrontation between Catholic social teaching principles and the views of SPD. Equally important for this confrontation are also other positions of the SPD party relating to particular social topics and also values of truth, freedom, fairness and love, which...
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An Analysis of Functions of Human Dignity in Constitutional Law with Focus on Case Law of Czech Constitutional Court
Horák, Filip ; Antoš, Marek (advisor) ; Hofmannová, Helena (referee)
After the concept of human dignity has spread into a large number of constitutions from all over the world, detailed examination of this phenomenon is steadily gaining importance. This thesis finds three autonomous approaches to human dignity in constitutional law, namely a subjective human right, the source of human rights and an objective constitutional value. Each of these approaches is based on a particular historical view on human dignity. The key argument of this thesis states that the connection of the three aforementioned legitimate approaches leads to the creation of dangerous and undesirable hybrid forms of human dignity. These forms tend to be axiomatic, preventing from the rational legal argumentation as well as from the use of the proportionality principle. The implementation of the concept of human dignity in such an axiomatic way is an argumentative foul, unfortunately so frequently made by both judiciary and doctrines. The thesis further focuses on the examination of the axiomatic human dignity phenomenon with respect to the Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic decision-making specifically. Using quantitative methods, it first comes to the conclusion that the problem of axiomatic human dignity-related argumentation does not only exist in the Constitutional Court's...
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Ensuring intimacy and dignity for patients in the Emergency Department, granted or extras?
POSPÍŠILOVÁ, Vendula
Abstract This diploma thesis, titled "Ensuring intimacy and dignity in patients on urgent reception, self-evident or a luxury?", highlights the issue of respecting human dignity and ensuring intimacy in treating patients on urgent admission. The above issues are currently lagging the prestige of modern healing and nursing practices. In intensive care and therefore in urgent arrivals, an inpatient health care system is being developed, where maintaining the dignity of a person and ensuring his intimacy is very complicated. At a slow pace, this issue moves to the forefront of the public's interests, both professional and lay, particularly from the point of view of patients who have some experience with healthcare. The aim of this diploma thesis was to map the provision of intimacy and respect for dignity in patients on emergency reception by treating staff. The theoretical part of this thesis describes areas such as dignity, intimacy, holism, the needs of the sick, as well as communication and burnout syndrome and the functioning of urgent income as such in a brief description. The practical part of the work was elaborated by the method of qualitative research using the techniques of semi-structured interview with patients who were treated for urgent income and with emergency care staff, combined with the secret observation of the work of the emergency care staff. Interviews and observation took place in April 2017, at the Emergency in Hospital. Permit for research was issued by the Deputy Minister for Nursing. The research group consisted of 10 nurses working on urgent admissions and 10 patients treated in this department. The research shows that nurses have a very good knowledge of dignified care and patient intimacy, but in terms of putting this knowledge into practice, this area is under the supervision of the department's staff to work on it and to deal with it more closely. In patients pointed out to insufficient awareness of the course of treatment, applied medications, and a lack of privacy in nursing. Almost the most discussed issue is communicating personal data and health problems in the emergency waiting room to a nurse, without any possibility of privacy. Some factors that interfere with dignified and intimate care relate to areas of rather structural and organizational adjustments to the department and will be proposed for further solutions.
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Ethical aspects of guardianship
ŠIMKOVÁ, Petra
This thesis discusses the issues of public guardianship in the current practical and legal context. It deals with human rights, the question of the limitation of incapacitation, and the conditions that must be met. I present here, what the different types of guardians are, or what are the rights and obligations of a guardian. I think about the ethical issues in conjunction with guardianship, that relate to human dignity and freedom. In conclusion, through talks I'm trying to look into practice of public guardianship and determine what problems the public guardians deal with.
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Human dignity as the base of the physician-patient relationship
ŠVECOVÁ, Veronika
This bachelor thesis focuses on the human dignity issues, which is an integral aspect of successful treatment and good relationship between patient and doctor. The thesis outlines the historical development of ethical perception of the patient in relation to his physical, mental, social and spiritual needs of the contemporary transformations. An integral part of this development is the Christian spirituality with its charity care for the ill and destitute, which is one of the corner-stones of the European ethics. Current perceptions of human dignity is based on a comprehensive knowledge and understanding of man in his uniqueness. Method for the preparation of this work is the study of relevant literature, especially from the field of medical ethics.
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Virtues and values - the equipment of community workers in socially excluded areas
VOMLELOVÁ, Aneta
The thesis deals with the reflection of human practice of the comunnity worker´s profession in socially excluded areas, which is represented by good practise and experience of community workers from two socially excluded areas, in a more profound philosophical ethical context. The human being the community worker is the most important factor in community work. Their inner maturity, cultivating inner qualities and entrenched values are besides the knowledge of community work methodology what community workers together identify as a necessary prerequisite for the success. The thesis is divided in three chapters all of which follow the line of setting a theoretical historically philosophical view in the particular practice of a community worker in a socially excluded area. In the first chapter there is an insight into the theory of virtue ethics from the ancient times to the present days, along with the virtue definition, the deconstruction of cardinal and theological virtues and it also discusses how we acquire virtues. The second chapter deals with value ethics. The author tries to answer a question what is the core of values, which one stands above all, what is the way to the meaning of values and, by extension, of a human - being, what is the value definition. It also reflects the values formed by social exclusion. In the third chapter the author tried to take a look into the ethical practice of the community worker in a socially excluded area especially by means of dilemma which was presented and analyzed there.
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Dignified end of life from the Senior Perspective
ČAMROVÁ, Julie
The bachelor thesis deals with an issue of a dignified end of life from seniors´ point of view. It contains a theoretic and an empiric part. The aim of the thesis is to find out the reasons why seniors leave for senior homes in Pelhřimov district. It also attempts to discover seniors´ views of human dignity and to map out their most important needs of their lives. The last aim of the thesis is to reveal their images of dying and death. There were 4 research problems: What is the motivation that leads Czech seniors to senior homes? What kind of personal needs Czech seniors identify? What is a view of human dignity of Czech seniors in senior homes? What kind of visions of dying and death Czech seniors have in senior homes? For gaining the information, a qualitative research method was selected with a technique of a half-structured interview. The surveyed sample was created by 18 seniors from senior houses in Pelhřimov district in Vysočina region. The seniors´ selection was intentional. The results obtained from the research revealed that the reasons that cause seniors´ departure to senior homes are identical. The seniors have an awareness of human dignity but they are not able to define this concept. Most of the seniors agreed with which needs were their priorities. The results also revealed that the seniors expressed some worries and wishes concerning the end of life and death. I believe that there should be a social awareness about what the seniors expect in the final phase of their lives and that the society should be able to meet their expectations. The thesis might be used as a study material for students. It also provides some space for further research of human dignity of seniors in their final phase of their lives.
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Question rights of the child in the context of the current methods of assisted reproduction
JANOUŠKOVÁ, Martina
This thesis is aimed at the darker sides of assisted reproduction and it urges us to consider difficult questions related to the value of human life and human dignity. These two mentioned values are the methods of assisted reproduction. Scientific progress in the field of medical science evokes a lot of ethical, social and legal questions.The goal of the thesis is to identify and analyse ethical prolems of assisted reroduction and to present each solution to an ethical decision. The thesis is integral to my own wellfounded way of solution to the chosen ethical problems. This thesis deals with issues of social functioning of infertile couples and social consultancy.
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