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Nutrition of infants and toddlers with allergies to cow's milk protein
VAVEROVÁ, Petra
The main objective of the thesis titled Nutrition of Infants and Toddlers with Cow's Milk Allergy is to outline the course of the disease and to present solutions to it. Another objective is to determine the frequency of milk allergy in the paediatrician's office. The thesis also aims to present a list of medical products for this type of disease. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the classification of milk allergy in food allergies. Further, it discusses breast milk as the most important food for infants and the difference between breast milk and cow's milk. Finally, it discusses the very disease of cow's milk allergy, its prevalence, where and how it manifests most, methods of its diagnosing, and treatments available. In the end of the theoretical part, we deal with a list of artificial infant food suitable for children with cow's milk allergy. The research part of the thesis was developed by using qualitative research conducted through interviews with a dual focus with paediatricians. The first type of interviews with various paediatricians and a specialist physician were devoted to their knowledge, opinions, and information interesting for cow's milk allergy. The second type of interviews was aimed at patients with cow's milk allergy. These aimed to determine the course of the disease and diagnostic tests to identify the presence of the disease. Furthermore, they addressed the question of nutrition and current status of such patients. The theoretical part also includes an overview and evaluation of products of artificial infant food suitable for children with cow's milk allergy and in Nutriservis profesional I created a weekly diet for a child with an allergy to cow's milk protein.
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The changes of transport flows and accesibility in Pilsen region in relation to the settlement system
Brož, Petr ; Marada, Miroslav (advisor) ; Květoň, Viktor (referee)
The issue of transport is currently one of the most discussed topics, thanks to deepening regional differentiation causing increased demands on the quality of existing transport links. Especially the attractiveness of centers and the existence of good transport infrastructure, stimulating the development of the region (his success), is becoming one of the most debated issues of our times. This diploma thesis deals with the comparison and evaluation of changes in spatial interaction in the settlement of the Plzeň/ Pilsen region in two time slices (1991 and 2001). Analysis of the interactions of traffic will be done by using statistical methods and using GIS technology. Main attention will be paid to the spatial differentiation of the frequency of traffic flows and transport accessibility. Subsequently, the transport characteristics will be compared with the characteristics of the complex importance of settlement, so the basic relationships between these indicators can be found. Keywords: spatial interaction, accessibility, frequency of public transport, traffic flows, transport regionalization, Plzeň/ Pilsen region.
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Analysis of noise characteristics of radioactive emission detectors
Šik, Ondřej ; Pfeifer, Václav (referee) ; Andreev, Alexey (advisor)
The main goal of this Master’s thesis is to describe relationship between low frequency noise spectral characteristics of Cadmium-Telluride radiation detectors depending on applied voltage and detectors reaction to illumination of various wavelengths. Also, the reaction and influence of higher operating temperatures were investigated. The noise measurements shown that the dominant noise type at low frequencies is the 1/f noise. Several samples with different resistivity were tested. By comparing results, we are able to estimate the quality of detectors and their sensibility to illumination and higher operating temperatures. We have found that all the studied CdTe detectors are sensitive to one particular wavelength of 548nm. Resulting data were processed by EasyPlot program that provided graphical representation of spectral noise characteristics. All measured characteristics of tested samples are compared and it’s estimated the similarity between the samples.
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Taxonomy and variability of selected Sorbus taxa
LEPŠÍ, Martin
This thesis is a biosystematic study focusing on the taxonomy and variability of selected taxa of the genus Sorbus, one of the most diverse and taxonomically complicated plant groups in Europe. Classical and modern biosystematic methods - comparative study, chromosome counting, analysis of nuclear microsatellite markers, flow cytometry, and traditional multivariate and outline morphometric analyses were used to assess the morphological, karyological and genetic variability of the genus. The final synthesis of these approaches led to the description of several new taxa (species, hybrids and a subgenus) and the correction of several taxonomic misinterpretations. To reveal ongoing evolutionary processes responsible for the generation of the observed variability, the reproductive modes of 42 Sorbus taxa were examined using flow-cytometric seed and pollen screens. Apart from revealing major trends, the study estimates the frequency of rare events and provides several novel conclusions that are relevant both specifically to Sorbus/Rosaceae and to apomixis in general.
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The effects of Western broadcasting on the Soviet people in Glasnost and Perestroika Period : The Case of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
Konovalova, Evgenija ; Kolenovská, Daniela (advisor) ; Vykoukal, Jiří (referee)
ii Abstract This research project explores the impact of Western broadcasting on the public opinion of the Soviet audience in the Perestroika and Glasnost periods. Specifically, it focuses on Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty's (RFE/RL) contribution to changing attitudes of the Soviet public to the communist regime and ruling party, and constructing a positive image of Western democratic values during the relevant period of study. The theoretical approach to the investigation of RFE/RL broadcasting is based on media effects theories, particularly agenda-setting and framing theories. According to them, the media are not simply a conduit of information, but able to shape public opinion. By emphasising the salience of topics and particular aspects and characteristics of the issues, the media set public agenda and influence on people's perceptions about these issues. The study to assess RFE/RL's impact draws on audience research, quantitative and qualitative data analysis. It examines geographical reach and transmission frequencies of the Radio's broadcasts and analyses the content of the most featured programmes to explore how they framed the reality. The findings from the quantitative and qualitative analysis, as well as the audience research data, demonstrate that RFE/RL's programming set anticommunist agenda...
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In vitro cultures of medicinal plants - XII.
Janoutová, Martina ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor) ; Dušková, Jiřina (referee)
Martina Janoutová In vitro cultures of medicinal plants - XII. Abstract The effect of ultrasound (US) as abiotic elicitor on the flavonolignans production in Silybum marianum L suspension culture was investigated. The culture was cultivated in Murashige and Skoog nutritive medium with ( - NAO) (g/l) as growth regulator at 25o C and luminous period 16 h of light and 8 h of darkness. The elicitor - ultrasound by frequency 35kHz and intensity 0,1Wcm-3 for a period 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 min has been used. The samples were taken in 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 168 h after US exposition. The control samples were taken in 0 and 48 h. The quantity of flavonolignans was determined by High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The highest increase of taxifolin content was apparent after 5 min of US elicitation and 48 h sampling (0,04%) - 400%, other increase was apparent after 5 min of elicitation and 72 h sampling. The higher content of silychristin was found after 1 min of US elicitation and 72 h sampling, the same level was observed after 2 min of elicitation and 24 h sampling. The higher level of silydianin was detected after 2 min of US elicitation and 6 h sampling and the silybin B after 2 min of elicitation and 12 h sampling after exposition. Taxifolin and flavonolignans release to the nutrient medium was...
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Molecular genetic analysis of the causes of selected hereditary forms of colorectal polyposis
Florianová, Martina ; Kohoutová, Milada (advisor) ; Křepelová, Anna (referee) ; Vodičková, Ludmila (referee)
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Hereditary colorectal adenomatous polyposis syndromes are a predisposition to colorectal carcinoma development. The most common analyzed syndromes are familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) that results from germline mutations in the APC gene and MUTYH - associated polyposis (MAP) caused by germline mutations in the MUTYH gene. The aim of this study was to clarify genetics causes of colorectal polyposis in a set of probands without the germline mutation in the APC gene. Within studyʼs scope the presence of large deletion in APC gene was tested, there was looked for germline mutations in MUTYH gene, alternatively germline mutations in MSH6 gene by probands with monoallelic MUTYH mutation, item there was tested an effect of detected APC variants on gene expression. Screening for large deletions was performed by multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification (MLPA). A set of 120 APC-negative probands was examined for the presence of germline MUTYH mutations by denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (dHPLC). Subsequently a set of 145 APC-negative probands was screened only for germline MUTYH mutation in exon 7 and 13 by high resolution melting (HRM) analysis. Analysis of the effect on expression was tested by ten APC...
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Young of the year fish assemblage structure of the Czech Elbe river
Švanyga, J. ; Janáč, Michal ; Jurajda, Pavel
During the late summer 2007 a juvenile fish assemblage of the Elbe river was surveyed. Using electrofishing, 36 localities were sampled along a 177 km long segment between Verdek and Brandýs nad Labem. These localities consisted of nine backwaters, 14 channelized localities and 13 beach like localities with natural riverbeds. Altogether 4521 individuals of 0+ juvenile fishes were caught, belonging to 26 species. Significant differences in species diversity and fish fry abundance were found among the three types of environment. The most species-rich fish populations with the highest abundance were confirmed at the natural and beach like localities. On the contrary, the least species-rich and abundance were channelized localities near Hradec Králové. Generally, both the abundance and the diversity changed markedly along the studied stretch. The other ecological parametres like dominance, frequency, reproduction and ecological groups and faunistic similarity were evaluated too.
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Factors affecting predators' search for cryptic prey
Kuncová, Aneta ; Exnerová, Alice (advisor) ; Hotová Svádová, Kateřina (referee)
This thesis is focused on selected mechanisms, which affect predators' search for cryptic prey. The purpose was to compare information concerning existence, content, duration and circumstances related to formation of a visual search image and it's existence in relation to other sensual modalities. The search image research was carried on many animal species, both invertebrates and vertebrates, with most experiments being carried on birds, specifically blue jays (Cyanocitta cristata) and pidgeons (Columba livia). There are many alternative explanations for the results of those experiments, either negating the search image's existence or just adding to it. The majority of studies agrees upon the existence of search image, but the circumstances of it's formation, as well as its duration and content are specific both for different kinds of predators (depending on their foraging strategies) and different kinds of prey. The differences can also be found in the search image's duration, depending on 5 predator's foraging strategy and encounter frequency with target prey. A decrease in this frequency results in disappearance of search image for the given prey. The experiments also show that the information content concerning the searched target, an essential part of the search image, depends on the prey's...
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Comprehensive education in the family and school in the prevention of child accidents.
KALOUSKOVÁ, Ivana
The aim was to map the knowledge of the surveyed group of respondents (students,parents, teachers) in a first aid, then to map the knowledge about the prevention of the children?s injuries and determine a frequency of the injuries among children in elementary schools in the South Bohemian Region. The survey proved that boys are affected by injuries more often than girls. .The injury occurs the most during sports, at home and at school. With assessing the injury, according to the type of injury, I found out, that most of the injuries fall into the group of fractures, contusions and joint luxation. According to the results of the study was found that as education of parents is not reflected in the injury. Most injuries were confirmed by parents with higher vocational education, the least injuries of parents with primary education. School injuries were confirmed at more local school when compared with schools in the city. The results of this work could be the basis for a project or program in preventing injuries. Furthermore, this work is based on feedback to primary schools, thus preventing the most common injuries, which were statistically evaluated.
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