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Parasitostatus of red deer population in Krkonoše (Czech Republic) a results of antiparasitic control
Vávra, Vojtěch ; Lamka, Jiří (advisor) ; Ducháček, Lubomír (referee)
THE ABSTRACT The thesis: Parasitostatus of red deer population in Krkonoše (Czech Republic) and results of antiparasitic control Made by: Vojtěch Vávra The thesis deals with the occurrence of endoparasites in red deer population, held in selected overwintering enclosures in Krkonoše Mountains - in Bílá Voda, Hlušiny and Michlův Mlýn. During winter season 2007/08 samples of faeces were collected in these enclosures, which were consequently examined larvoscopically in a quantitative and qualitative way and ovoscopically in a qualitative way. During this season anthelmintic treatment Cermix a. u. v. was applied as well. In pre-treatment samples high prevalence of Elaphostrongylus cervi was found, in 85,1 % of samples. The treatment efficacy was set in enclosures Bílá Voda and Michlův Mlýn. In Bílá Voda the efficacy reaches 43,2 % and in enclosure Michlův Mlýn reaches 86,1%.
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Parasitostatus of red deer population in Eagle mountains (Czech Republic) a results of antiparasitic control
Filipský, Tomáš ; Lamka, Jiří (advisor) ; Ducháček, Lubomír (referee)
Thesis: Parasitostatus of red deer population in the Eagle Mountains (Czech Republic) and the results of antiparasitic control Made by: Tomáš Filipský The thesis deals with parasitostatus of red deer which is bred in the overwintering enclosures of the Eagle Mountains - Pádolí, Podlesí, Malá Strana. The thesis is aimed at qualitative and quantitative larvoscopic examination of individual anonymous samples of excrement and lungworm species Elaphostrongylus cervi, Varestrongylus sagittatus and Dictyocaulus viviparus. The parasitological examination showed only L1 larvae of Elaphostrongylus cervi the lungworm, the average prevalence of positive findings on the examination was 68.1 % in the winter season 2007/2008. The treatment effectivity was analysed in the overwintering enclosure Pádolí in the winter seasons 2007/2008 and 2008/2009. It achieved the value of 100.0 % in both seasons.
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Preclinical assesment of phthalocyanine for photodynamic therapy of rectal carc inoma
Štukavec, Jan ; Horák, Ladislav (advisor) ; Beneš, Jiří (referee) ; Dítě, Petr (referee) ; Jelínková, Helena (referee)
The present work includes research photodynamic therapy (PDT) colorectal carcinoma. The actual experiment was conducted in collaboration with the Institute of Biophysics and Informatics 1st in 2005-2008. Colorectal cancer is the most common malignancy of the Czech population. Risk of disease of colorectal cancer in the Czech population reaches 5.9% and still growing. Still is a large group patients with advanced cancer (approximately 30% of patients), which is indicated only palliative therapy. One of the most common procedure in patients with advanced cancer is the foundation of the stoma, which significantly extends the life of the patient. Photodynamic therapy is already used by default. We focused on the possibility of treatment of colorectal cancer phthalocyanine, which is among photosensitisers second generation with a rapid uptake in the tumor specimen. The aim of current research is to improve screening and to design new treatments that would achieve better results than existing procedures. PDT can improve the quality of life and in patients with advanced malignant disease and prolong survival interval.
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Specific problems of imprisoned women
Sluková, Květuše ; Šotolová, Eva (advisor) ; Pešatová, Ilona (referee) ; Černíková, Helena (referee)
Some Penitentiary Specifics of Imprisoned Women (Specification of sentenced women) This dissertation work describes two groups of incarcerated women: first long-term imprisoned women, second-imprisoned mothers with their children. The criminal behaviour of women differs from the male criminality. The most often penal behaviour are thefts, pick pocketing, illegal exploitation of employees, misabeling of goods, evading corporate taxes, suborning and in the last time different sorts of violent crimes like robberies, homicides etc tends to increase. Special kind of imprisoned women are offenders of impostures and organized crime (prostitution, trade with children and drugs). We also have a higher prison population than many other European countries. Each of these groups of sentenced women needs special sort of treatment and sometimes therapy or medical care. There are two female prisons in the ČR - in Opava and Světlá nad Sázavou. In Opava prison there are women sentenced to all four kinds of security including middle and high security type of prison. There is also the unit for drug depend inmates and the inmates with personality disorder. It is always a good thing that near the prison there is one of the best psychiatrically clinics in the Czech Republic. In these nowadays detention institute is...
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International aspects of sentencing war criminals after 1945
Eichler, Jan ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee) ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor)
74 Summary Legal Aspects of International Punishment for Committing War Crimes after 1945 The Second World War was a global military conflict which involved majority of the world's nations and which became with more than 60 million victims the largest, deadliest and most devastating conflict in human history. The causes of the war were constituted by the consequences of the Treaty of Versailles, which enhanced the feeling of humiliation in defeated countries, especially in Germany, and economic crisis in the late twenties and thirties, commonly known as the Great Depression, which fundamentally undermined a large number of countries, thereby allowing the rise of the Nazis, led by Adolf Hitler, and other totalitarian regimes throughout Europe. The Second World War has been accompanied with unprecedented level of crimes against humanity, war crimes and inhumane treatment of prisoners of war. Unlike all previous conflicts the course of the fighting much more affected civilian population and led to huge rate of casualties. Victims among civilians account for two thirds of the estimated 60 million victims. Many civilians died because of disease, starvation, massacres, bombing and deliberate genocidal actions and other war crimes committed by German as well as Japanese forces on the Axis-occupied territories. The...
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Public prejudice to epileptics
DOUBKOVÁ, Ivana
Epilepsy, a paroxysmal brain illness, is not a disease that would prevent patients from living their lives fully and from achieving aims they set themselves. Even these days there is a great deal of prejudice and negative feeling when it comes to epilepsy. The present diploma thesis deals with the problem of prejudice and general public opinions towards people suffering from epilepsy in the region of České Budějovice (Budweis), Czechia. The thesis also handles the problem of respondents{\crq} awareness of epilepsy in that region. In the theoretical part of the thesis the author summed up all important knowledge about epilepsy from the medical point of view, focusing on the impact of the illness on each person{\crq}s social life. The objective of the present diploma thesis was to ascertain general public opinions on epileptics in the region of České Budějovice. A sub-goal was to ascertain general public awareness of epilepsy in the aforementioned region. In accordance with the set goals, the following hypotheses were formulated: ``The general public feel negative prejudice against epileptics.{\crq}q ``The general public does not have correct information on epilepsy.{\crq}q Both hypotheses have been confirmed. The research was a quantitative one. The author used the method of questioning, the questionnaire and semantic deferential techniques. Respondents were chosen from general population, aged 18 and older, living in the region of České Budějovice. The research has shown that ordinary people feel negative prejudice and have negative opinions in terms of epileptics. They often assume that epileptics are mentally ill, and not capable of working on a regular basis. Furthermore, the research has proved that the general public do not have correct information on epilepsy, particularly in the field of epileptic fits, first aid and the treatment. Public education ought to be oriented to primary and secondary school pupils and students because only thus young people can adopt positive thinking and opinions on epilepsy, and this may well survive when they grow older and be passed down to other generations.
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Prevention of breast cancer
Rybková, Helena ; Šafář, Petr (advisor)
Breast cancer is one of the most important tumor diseases of our female population. In his presence keeps sad victory. It also assessed a five-year mortality survival in comparison with other comparable countries unsatisfactory. The thesis is mainly concentrating on the prevention breast cancer, both primary and secondary risk factors breast cancer and mammography screening. In the fight against breast cancer is early detection is still a priority and increasing the effectiveness of treatment.
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Derivatives of pyrazinecarboxylic acid as potential antituberculotics (synthesis and biological evaluation)
Vaňásková, Barbora ; Doležal, Martin (advisor) ; Zimčík, Petr (referee) ; Malík, Ivan (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy v Hradci Králové Department: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control Candidate: Mgr. Barbora Vaňásková Supervisor: Prof. PharmDr. Martin Doležal, Ph.D. Title of Doctoral Thesis: Derivatives of pyrazinecarboxylic acid as potential antituberculotics (synthesis and biological evaluation) This doctoral thesis deals with searching for potential antituberculotic drugs derived from pyrazinecarboxylic acid. Thesis contains theoretical part, in which problematics of tuberculosis, factors hindering the effectiveness of treatment (development of resistance and HIV coinfection) and current therapeutic practice are outlined. An individual chapter is devoted to the composition of the mycobacterial cell wall. A brief overview of first-line and second-line antituberculars as well as drugs newly introduced into the clinical practice and promising derivatives in various phases of preclinical and clinical trials is further stated. Special attention is dedicated to pyrazinamide, current theories dealing with mechanism of action of this first-line antituberculotic drug and to ribosomal protein S1, a specific target of pyrazinecarboxylic acid. A summary of pyrazinamide derivatives with antimycobacterial activity published since 2011 is listed for...
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Anaemia focusing on macrocytic anaemia
ŠŤASTNÁ, Edita
The content of my thesis are macrocytic anaemia. I deal with overall issues of anaemia because it is a widespread disease. According to MCV, I divided individual anaemia into microcytic, normocytic and macrocytic. Then I focused only on the topic of macrocytic anaemia. Macrocytic anaemia is not a frequently occurring type of anaemia. The main causes of macrocytosis include deficiency of folic acid and vitamin B12. I worked with a group of patients, who had examined blood counts for one month in the hospital České Budějovice a. s. In these patients, I examined the frequency of anaemia, which I further divided by MCV into microcytic, normocytic and macrocytic. Then I focused on the macrocytic anaemias. I worked with an automated hematology analyzer Unicel DxH 800 Beckman Coulter. In 12 % of all patients was detected macrocytic anaemia. According my observing, this disease appears more often with men and mostly in the age of 50 and older. In all cases I observed severity of this illness. Majority of patients was examined either for mild degree, or for moderate degree of anaemia. Severe cases were only rare. After that I traced back, if causes of macrocytosis were examined in cases, when patient suffer from anaemia. I worked with ADVIA analyzer and I found out that only 12 % patients were examined for vitamin B12 deficiency and only 11 % were examined for folic acid deficiency. I was wondering, why these parameters weren't examined. I watched therefore, which department examine these two parameters and if there is a connection between frequency of requests for this examination, together with the value of MCV or severity of anaemia. Based on my results, I realized that in cases of macrocytic anaemia often no search was done and that reduces the effectiveness of treatment.
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In vitro-cultures of medicinal plants-III.
Danielová, Barbora ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor) ; Dušková, Jiřina (referee)
- 4 - ABSTRAKT Barbora Danielová In vitro-cultures of medicinal plants-III. Elicitation is one of the methods that can be used for increasing secondary metabolites production in in vitro cultures. The present study investigates the effect of methylviologen as the abiotic elicitor on the flavonoids production in the callus and suspension cultures of Ononis arvensis L. after 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 168-hours methylviologen administration. The cultures were cultivated on Murashige-Skoog medium with addition of 10 mg/l α-naphtylacetic acid (α-NAA). The flavonoids content was determined using spectrophotometry methods. The maximal content of flavonoids was detected in callus culture after 168-hours methylviologen elicitation in concentration c1 (2,1929 . 10-3 mol/l), the production was increased about 444%. The maximal increase of flavonoids production in suspension culture was after 12-hours methylviologen elicitation in concentration c3 (2,1929 . 10-5 mol/l), the production was increased about 42%. In the opposite, the decreased flavonoids production was detected in callus culture after methylviologem treatment in the concentration c1 (2,1929 . 10-3 mol/l) after 6 and 12 hours about 100% and in suspension culture in the concentration c2 (2,1929 . 10-4 mol/l) after 12 hours about 88%.
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