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Lean Six Sigma for process improvement
Raška, Adam ; Doucek, Petr (advisor) ; Klas, Jan (referee)
Lean Six Sigma is one of the tools organizations use to help their processes run faster and thus maximize their profits. It is a thorough approach that can reveal defects in companies' processes through examining customers' needs and its statistical data Its popularity spreads fast from the early adopters such as General Electric, Toyota or Motorola and many companies are keen to get their hands on it and achieve similar success as above mentioned. Czech companies are not different. There is, however, a tendency to lay it aside based on first time impressions. The most frequent reasons are: complexity, need to make dramatic changes in the company's culture and high initial costs. Main goal of this thesis is to show that Lean Six Sigma does not necessarily have to be a thorough approach. It can also be used as a one-time tool to improve company's processes, just by picking the right parts and combining them in the right order. This thesis describes the most useful tools and also shows how they can be used in the real situation. By aligning them in a row it also creates a framework for Lean Six Sigma implementation projects which can be used repeatedly. One chapter also describes various problems that might occur during the implementation and provides readers with possible solutions to overcome them.
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Expression of estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) In murine male reproductive tract and sperm
Dostálová, Pavla ; Děd, Lukáš ; Dorosh, Andriy ; Elzeinová, Fatima ; Pěknicová, Jana
Estrogens are steroid hormones that play an important role in reproduction of both sexes. In male, the main source of estrogens are testes where both somatic and germ cells are responsible for testosteron conversion to estrogens. Estrogens are involved in control of spermatogenesis, fluid reabsorption in rete testis and epididymis, and in later maturation steps that sperm undergo in female genital tract (capacitation, acrosome reaction). Generally, estrogen action is mediated through binding to estrogen receptors (ERs) which than lead to classical genomic or rapid non-genomic signaling. Nowadays, two classical estrogen receptors are known – ERα and ERβ. ERβ is a predominant variant in testes, while ERα is more abundant in rete testis and initial segment of epididymis. In addition to classical ERs, several splice variants that can differ in their ligand- or DNA-binding properties were detected in different tissues and cell lines. ERs mostly work as a dimer (homo- and hetero-) and splice variants often „only“ modulate function of classical full-length ERs. Therefore, estrogen action seems to be a very complex. To contribute to understanding of estrogen action in male, we detected ERβ and its potential splice variants in mice testis, epididymis and sperm. According to our results, two variants are present in all analysed tissues and cells. These variants differ in one exon in ligand binding domain which leads to different affinity for estrogens. To analyse these variants also at a protein level, we prepared specific monoclonal antibodies recognizing particular variant of ERβ. Both atibodies detected band(s) in protein extracts from testes or epididymis. Taking together, there are at least two variants of ERβ in mice testes, epididymis and sperm and it seems that both variants are similar in abundance within the same organ or sperm.
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Exploration of 9-Bromo[7]helicene Reactivity
Žádný, Jaroslav ; Jakubec, Martin ; Velíšek, Petr ; Sýkora, Jan ; Storch, Jan
Our new microwave assisted photodehydrocyclisation and completely reviewed synthetic approach for a multi-gram scale production of 9-bromo-[7]helicene led us to explore the reactivity of this compound mainly in Pd-catalysed reactions and to the further functionalization of this molecule. Next to other transformations, palladium catalysed carbon – heteroatom coupling reactions provide a large portfolio of racemic helicenes bearing different functional groups in good to excellent yields. Many of the reactions are performed in the microwave initiator saving reaction time to a minimum comparing with conventional and known synthetic methods. Such prepared compounds can undergo further synthetic reactions or can be used on a field of molecular electronics, surface chemistry or in other applications. The separation of racemic mixtures is under running in our lab. Optically pure compounds of such a type can open new possibilities in their use.
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Cyclization Reactions Mediated by Transition Metals
Matoušová, Eliška ; Pour, Milan (advisor) ; Bureš, Filip (referee) ; Šrogl, Jiří (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of inorganic and organic chemistry Candidate: Mgr. Eliška Matoušová Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Milan Pour, PhD. Title of Doctoral Thesis: Cyclization reactions mediated by transition metals Within the framework of this Thesis, several analogues of naturally occurring biologically active pyranones were prepared. The synthetic procedure was based on a Pd-cata- lyzed carbopalladation of enyne precursors with subsequent lactonization. Employing this method, bicyclic pentenolides containing fused nitrogen heterocycle as well as carbocycle were synthesized. The preparation of the corresponding oxygen-containing derivative was not successful. The compounds were tested for their antifungal, anitibacterial and cytostatic activity. The second part of the Thesis deals with synthesis of furans and dihydropyrans via palladium and gold catalysis. A highly efficient method for AuI -catalyzed cyclization of propargyl vinyl ethers to dihydropyrans was developed using tris(2-furyl)phosphine as a ligand and methanol as a nucleophile. This method was employed for the preparation of 15 dihydropyran derivatives in high yields. In the absence of a nucleophile furans were formed in lower yields. Dihydropyrans undergo an as yet undescribed...
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Identification, expression, and characterization of Phlebotomus orientalis salivary antigens
Šíma, Michal
Sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) are vectors of Leishmania spp. (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae), medically and veterinary important parasites causing leishmaniasis. These protozoans are inoculated into the host during blood-feeding together with the vector saliva. Salivary components are crucial for sand fly female blood-sucking but also play a major role in the initial stage of parasite development. It was demonstrated that this rich mixture of proteins performs different functions after its injection into the host like hydrolyzing ATP and ADP, binding biogenic amines, and others which inhibits the haemostatic reaction and modulate the immune system thus enables the successful feeding. So far, cDNA salivary transcriptomes have been constructed for twelve sand fly species and we added another one - Phlebotomus orientalis, the main vector of Leishmania donovani, a causative agent of human visceral leishmaniasis in East African countries. We described members of thirteen protein families which corresponded with previously published salivary cDNA libraries of other sand fly species and showed the main salivary antigens using sera of experimentally bitten mice and naturally exposed dogs. Specific IgG antibody response is induced against sand fly salivary proteins in repeatedly bitten hosts....
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Different reaction of cultivars poppy seeds after nonthermal plasma treatment
Banulescu, G. ; Gajdová, Iveta ; Šerá, Božena ; Kuchtová, P. ; Šerý, M. ; Špatenka, P. ; Hnatiuc, E.
The influence of low-temperature atmospheric plasma treatment generated between the electrodes (GlidArc) on poppy seed growth was tested. Treatment times were 0 s, 180 s, 300 s, and 600 s. Working gas was air. We monitored germination and initial growth of two cultivars of poppy seeds (Papaver somniferum L., cultivars Major and Orfeus). The values of control measurements (exposure time 0 s) of the tested cultivars were different. Therefore we analysed both cultivars separately with adequate control during the data procesing. A positive influence was found mainly in the lengths of sprouts in cultivar Major (22 %, time 180 s). The number of germinated seeds was not affected by plasma treatment in both cultivars.
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Critical look at NGOs practices in the regional development. A contribution to the problems of culture change and processes of aculturation
Kobes, Tomáš ; Skupnik, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Uherek, Zdeněk (referee) ; Kotalová, Jitka (referee)
The activity of NGOs issue is one of the major topic of Slovakian regional development and Romany issue. Participation of Slovakian NGOs was not a matter of course in the issue of regional development. The growing NGOs participation is based upon assumption of the Strategy of Slovakian government explicitly introducing Romany Issue to the context of regional development, NGO and foreign funds. Within the issue of regional development NGOs activities are not understood as a factor of democratization, but they are conceptualized as an initiator of social and cultural change. In the theoretical view classical conceptualization of change is not sufficient. The major theoretical frameworks that are criticised within these concepts are evolutional patterns, idealistic and materialistic determinism. They classify societies and cultural diversity in the dichotomies of traditional vs. modern, underdeveloped vs. developed. The basic mistake of these dichotomies is the idea about different dynamics of constituted social systems, where someone has to live in modernity and another one has to live in his naturalness or in tradition and superstitions. On the other hand the formal standpoint is too abstract without the reflection of social context. Nominated conceptual solution tries to get over these theoretical...
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Availability of social services for seniors in the Karlovarsky region now and in 50 years
Zelinka, Jan ; Kouřilová, Jana (advisor) ; Prudká, Šárka (referee)
Master thesis aims to evaluate the accessibility of social services in Karlovarsky region. The thesis is focused on the demographics of seniors and social services intended for them, specifically retirement homes. In addition to analyzing the accessibility of social services is elaborated demographic projection of region's population over the next 50 years. In the theoretical part is described the definition of social policy and the fundamental theoretical principles, types and functions. This part also describes the legislative framework of social policy in the Czech Republic. In relation to social policy are presented issues of community planning as a tool for the implementation of social policy in the Karlovarsky region. The conclusion of theoretical part is devoted to the theory of demographic projections and describes the basic projection methods. The practical part in the introduction focuses on general and demographic characteristics of the Karlovarsky region and the current state of social services for the elderly, specifically homes for the elderly. The second half of the practical part presents a demographic projection of region's population over the next 50 years and is focusing on senior component whose proportion in the population will increase. This projection is calculated by the component method without migration. The conclusion of the practical part is comparing the initial state of social services and the anticipated development of seniors. It also describes community plan in the Karlovarsky region with emphasis on the development of social services for seniors. Documents drawn up by the Karlovarsky region on issues of social services and conclusions of this thesis suggest that there is no need to increase capacity, but rather to focus on the change in the structure of users and ensure that these services are provided to people whose health condition really requires this kind of complex social care.
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