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Possibilities to restore seminatiral meadows in post industrial sites.
Kolářová, Petra ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Tátosová, Jolana (referee)
The post-industrial sites (brownfields) are sites which were devastated and abandoned by industrial production (generation areas, dumping grounds, mining areas…), but buildings and paved areas abandoned by agricultural production, too. On the other hand on these very disturbed places, primary succession, may leads to recovery of valuable ecosystems. It shows the potential of these areas for the restoration of valuable near natural ecosystems. One of the possibilities how to use these areas could became establishing species rich meadows rich, which could return to the meadow ecosystem his original function. They could benefit from oligotrophic status, at least some of these sites, too. The aim of this work is to summarize the information about factors which influence structure and diversity of meadows, their restoration and assess chance post-industrial sites utilization for the recovery of species rich meadows. Finally results of experiment about restoration of species-rich meadow ecosystems on mine spoil dumps in the surrounding of Sokolov are represented.
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Spoil heap toxicity and possibilities for remediation
Venclovská, Lenka ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Lukavský, Jaromír (referee)
The content of this diploma thesis is to verify of possibilities for remediation spoil heap toxicity in Sokolov area, by the help of creating biological crusts. The main question of this work is the possibility of using algae to create biological crust on toxical substrates, which could improve the properties of substrates and contribute to the acceleration of succession. The correctness of this theory was tested using two tests on toxic soils in spoil heaps near Sokolov. In the first test (laboratory test) have been chosen two of the soils and the higher plants, in most cases, even did not germinate. That is why we decided to verify the second option to create biological crust in these phytotoxic soils. Therefore we applied selected kinds of algae in the field, some areas were liming, and the field has been monitoring and sampling during next three years. The results show that the application of dolomitic limestone does not affect progress of biological crusts. The result of the fluorescent microscopy clearly shows, that Klebsormidium algae was the only one of the tested algae, which survived and progressed compact visible crusts.
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More effective approaches of brown coal post-mining restoration
Christov, Ivan ; Hendrychová, Markéta (advisor) ; Walmsley, Alena (referee)
The thesis is focused on evaluation of landscape restoration procedures. The land was heavily devastated by large-scale quarrying. Here are compared reclamation procedures used in the Czech Republic and abroad. Study area is the North Bohemian brown coal basin, which formed areas valuable for many endangered species of flora and fauna after the mining has ended. Surface coal mining method causes the extinction of villages, roads, railways, land and greenery. Our task now is to minimalize these effects as much as possible. To create a new landscape, with an emphasis on the environment. Reclamation helps us to do that.
Monitored location is Střimická dump, where the representation of non-productive habitat was evaluated and there was proposed new, more efficient version of reclamation. Mapping has found that the current state of the dump is 5,2 % representation of non-productive habitat. The proposed variant represents the addition of new elements and thus increase the proportion to 23,5 %, which corresponds with the current trend of post-mining landscape recovery.
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Growth of larch species in reclamation area Antonín
Kovařík, Jakub ; Janeček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Bažant, Václav (referee)
This thesis deals with the growth of larch plantations on the spoil heap Antonín. The review part deals with approach mining and reclamation of areas devastated by mining, their definition in the law, then spoil heaps and types of larch species that live there. The outcome of the assessment of the growth of larch on 21 plots and regeneration that appears beneath them. The outputs are compared with other works on a similar theme. In conclusion, the proposed measures to improve growth and recovery.
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Characteristics of reproduction habitats and amphibian biodiversity on spoil banks in Most region
Budská, Daniela ; Bejček, Vladimír (advisor)
Despite the ecological value of unreclaimed post-mining areas, in the Czech Republic, however, rigorous technical reclamation still prevails. Such an approach usually leads to a more uniform environment and destroys the habitat diversity of successional sites, including the variety of water bodies that are crucial habitats for many aquatic and semiaquatic species. The aim of our study was to assess the water environment and diversity of amphibians on reclaimed and unreclaimed post-mining sites and compare the offers of aquatic habitats in affected and unaffected by mininglandscape in Bohemia.
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Egg clutch deposition of the agile frog Rana dalmatina in water habitats
Kopáčová, Nikol ; Solský, Milič (advisor) ; Kopecký, Oldřich (referee)
The aim of the thesis was to further explore the habitat requirements of lean frog (Rana dalmatina). Data collection was conducted in 2007 to 2010 and 2015, a total of 27 locations Hornojiřetínské dump. Were examined factors such as the depth at which they are placed brood, the distance between the clutch, clutches distance from the shore, the location of each type clutches, or whether they are placed in the littoral or not. Furthermore, the slope of the banks surveyed sites and level of insolation. For comparison, if the total number of broods on the site may or may not affect the minimum distance between the clutch, was used Mann Whitney nonparametric test. From the results it can be assumed that the agile frog prefers for laying clutches least partially sunlit areas with plenty of littoral vegetation and gentle slope shores. Depth shallower reservoirs prefers, however, requires the presence of deeper parts of the winter. From the results of a Mann-Whitney non-parametric test in this case is not clearly confirm that the total number of clutches on the location somehow significantly affect distances closest neighboring broods, respectively, that the higher the number of males in the location dwindled defended territory of each of them, and vice versa.
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Long-term monitoring of amphibian populations: methods and importance
Vargas Cáceres, Liz Mabel ; Vojar, Jiří (advisor) ; Kopecký, Oldřich (referee)
In the last decade, there has been particular concern about the apparent widespread decline of many amphibian populations. Aside anthropogenic stressors, there are large, natural fluctuations in amphibian populations that need to be established through long-term monitoring programs with sufficient spatial scale to preclude the misinterpretation of preliminary data cause y variations in natural factors. The true utility of multiple, long-term studies is an understanding of how geographic and species-specific differences affect population fluctuations. Despite the obvious importance of time series analyses in this process, they are still rare in amphibian ecology. The literary review of the main causes of amphibian population declines, dynamics of the amphibians, the meta-analysis of the available long-term publication reports of amphibian population trends available at this point in time, as well as the active involvement in field work, data-collection, and the preparation of a manuscript of 11-year monitoring of abundances of the agile frog (Rana dalmatina) are the main purposes of this bachelor thesis.
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Mapping of non-productive habitats in reclaimed post-mining landscape in Most and Chabařovice area
Ledvina, Vilém ; Hendrychová, Markéta (advisor) ; Martin, Martin (referee)
The objective of thesis is to identify and map a non-productive habitats on areas after coal mining. The first part describes the reasons and ways of reclamation in areas after surface mining. Current knowledge and requirements for landscape protection during reclamation are presented in a literature review, and it shows the importance of these habitats. The monitored location are mines, dumps and areas affected by mining in the area of the Most and Chabařovice in the Ústecký Region in Czech Republic. Mapping has been done using the orthophoto map and field survey. Based on information from mapping the current status and composition of non-productive habitats on the monitored locations have been evaluated. The results are presented in the summary tables for each type of reclamation in monitored location.
Following percentage representation of non-productive habitats in four locations has been found: location A (2.39%); location B (12.64%); location C (6.27%); location D (4.78%). The results show that the representation of these habitats is on low level compare to recommended representation resulting from current knowledge about nature conservation.
Based on the results of the mapping measures have been proposed for optimal percentage representation of these habitats. The main measures include the building of landscape vegetation on large fields and increasing area of forest arising spontaneously in forestry reclamations. It is also appropriate to create non-productive forest habitats in large forest areas with absence of treeless or small forest meadow. The map outputs and thesis findings can serve as data for the protection of nature and landscape in the monitored location. Work can also serve as information source about the issue of reclamation and priorities to protect the environment during their realization.
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Primary and secondary plant succession in brown coal region of Most
Jarkovská, Zlata ; Hendrychová, Markéta (advisor) ; Kadlec, Tomáš (referee)
By extraction of mineral resources there are created new spaces, concretely spoil heaps, which are ideal for settlement by new organisms. Based on chosen study areas trajectories of primary and secondary succession have been compared on model group of plants and additionally on aculeata hymenoptera. Research of model groups in primary succession has been conducted on spoil heaps made of substrate from lignite overburden and study of secondary succession has been conducted in foreland and around mines on spontaneously overgrown areas. Difference in number of plant species on individual sampling plots of primary and secondary succession was not significant. Each area in primary succession was not statistically significantlly different in coverage of vegetation from those areas developing under the secondary succestion. Areas of primary and secondary succesion were different in coverage of bare substrate, which more plant species were bound on. Other factors had not statistically significant effect on plant communities and aculeata hymenoptera as well.
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