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A comparison between Manslaughter in the English and Czech law
Blažek, Tomáš ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (advisor) ; Vokoun, Rudolf (referee)
1 A comparison between Manslaughter in the English and Czech law Abstract The thesis compares the Czech and English legal regulations of the crime of manslaughter. As such, it is divided into an introduction, six parts and a conclusion. It aims to provide not only a comprehensive analysis of the crime of manslaughter in both legal orders, including a subsequent comparison, but also the possible adoption of certain institutes from one legal order to the other. In the first part, it deals with the issue of the differences between the two legal systems, i.e., continental and Anglo-Saxon, as well as with the general interpretation of the crime of murder and manslaughter. In doing so, it introduces the structure of the formal sources, the interrelationship between murder and manslaughter, and the terminology of manslaughter in England. In the second part, it provides an analysis of the facts of the crime of manslaughter, with the actus reus and the mens rea being analysed more extensively than through the fragmentary optics of the crime of manslaughter. Particular emphasis is then placed on causation. The third part is devoted to the circumstances precluding illegality, which for the sake of consistency of the whole thesis, included the institutes of insanity, diminished sanity, automatism and intoxication....
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Crime of women in Czechoslovakia
Kuželíková, Lenka ; Štemberk, Jan (advisor) ; Německý, Marek (referee)
The thesis deals with the crime of women in Czechoslovakia. The aim of the theoretical and empirical work is to map the crime of women in Czechoslovakia, namely its occurrence, and to use selected case studies to find out the motives of women perpetrators, who were victims, and apply selected theories of crime to specific cases. In the theoretical part will be introduced basic theories and concepts related to crime , from the sociological, psychological and biological point of view. Given that the work focuses primarily on female crime, the next section will specifically focus on the specificities of female crime and define the types of female criminals with the motives behind the crime, especially with a focus on murder. The last part of the theoretical part is focused on how crime was measured not only in the period of Czechoslovakia, but also how it is measured today, and where it is possible to get information about this social phenomenon. The empirical part of the thesis is devoted to the research itself, in which both qualitative and quantitative data were used. It also includes research on historical archival research, as it was worked from sources from archives. In the empirical part of the thesis, we are already working with specific data, namely data that map women's crime in...
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Criminal offences of Murder and Manslaughter pursuant to Section 140, 141 of the Criminal Code
Johannes, Daniel ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Pelc, Vladimír (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on the analysis of the factums of murder and manslaughter pursuant to Section 140 and 141 of the Act No. 40/2009 Coll., Criminal Code, as amended, by studying historical and present-day legal acts, related documents, specialised literature from the field of law, medicine, psychology and anthropology, and of the jurisprudence of the Czech courts. The thesis is divided into five main chapters. The first chapter is focused on the historical development of the criminal regulation of intentional homicides since the foundation of the independent Czechoslovakia, starting from the reception of the 1852 Austrian Criminal Code which was applicable in the Austrian part of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire, through the period socialist legislation represented by the Criminal Codes of 1950 and 1961, up to the adoption of the current Criminal Code in 2009. The second chapter addresses the problem of defining the term human life, explaining the moment and the moment of its end. This chapter also gives an overview of the protection of human life as it is guaranteed by the international agreements and treaties as well as by Czech constitutional order in the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms. The third chapter is the analysis of the criminal offence of murder pursuant to the...
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Crime of murder and manslaughter under section 140, 141 of the criminal code
Najman, Ondřej ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Pelc, Vladimír (referee)
Title of the thesis: Crime of murder and manslaughter under section 140, 141 of the criminal code This thesis deals with the crimes of murder and homicide under the provisions of § 140 and § 141 of the Criminal Code, which, as crimes against life, represent one of the most serious components of crime in society. In a broader sense, the thesis deals with all intentional killings under Czech law. The basic purpose of this work is to describe and evaluate the current legal regulation of these crimes after the recodification of Czech substantive criminal law effective from 1. 1. 2010. The thesis first contains a comprehensive historical view of the development of legislation in question. Then the crimes of murder and homicide and individual components of their factums are analyzed and described in more detail, especially from an interpretative point of view, including elements established by recodification like premeditation, prior consideration, strong derangement caused by excusable mental motion and the previous condemnable conduct of the aggrieved person. Subsequently, the thesis deals with murder and manslaughter from the point of view of comparative law, where these crimes are compared with some similar institutes within the framework of substantive criminal law. A separate subchapter also...
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The motif of death in art in the years 1890-1918
Heřmánková, Klára ; Pech, Milan (advisor) ; Bendová, Eva (referee)
The aim of the bachelor's thesis will be to deal with the motive of death in the visual arts at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and during the First World War. It is a time of many social changes, when the number of suicides increased despite the increasing life expectancy. The work introduces and analyzes various motives related to death and dying and their changes over the course of almost thirty years. It will follow the content shift of these motives, such as the frequency of their occurrence, their connection with the development of society etc. In the context of the First World War, the bachelor's thesis will also include selected works created after 1918 related to the events in that times. Last but not least, the work introduces the topic from a sociological point of view, and therefore touches on statistical data on mortality and common causes of death in the years 1890 to 1918, etc.
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THE CRIME OF MURDER - JURISTIC, CRIMINOLOGICAL AND FORENSIC ASPECTS
Zárubová, Tereza ; Mulák, Jiří (advisor) ; Beranová, Andrea (referee)
1 THE CRIME OF MURDER - JURISTIC, CRIMINOLOGICAL AND FORENSIC ASPECTS ABSTRACT The objective of this diploma thesis is to formulate complex view on the crime of murder from the perspective of three scientific field - juristic, criminological and forensic - and in three parts to create comprehensive set of information about the most serious crime against human life. First part is dedicated to juristic aspects and it contains development of legislation in time, which by its gradual adjustements led to current legislation. Then the current legislation of the crime of murder is described in details and it is also compared with other crimes against human life and with legislation of selected states. In one of the chapters there is definiton of euthanasia, which is illegal in Czech republic, but this thesis offers comparation with legislation in other states, where euthanasia is legal. In the second part the crime of murder is described with criminological aspects. There are many statistics and graphs showing state, structure and dynamics of this crime in the Czech republic in past few years. One chapter is dedicated to a offender, including psychological treatise, statistics based on gender or relaps, and information about motives for committing. Next chapter is dedicated to the victims and it offers graphs and...
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Crime of Murder and Manslaughter under Section 140 and 141 of The Criminal Code
Klíč, Jakub ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Pelc, Vladimír (referee)
- Crime of Murder and Manslaughter under Section 140 and 141 of The Criminal Code This master thesis aims to analyse the crimes of murder and manslaughter which are regulated under section 140 and 141 of the Czech Criminal Code. The thesis consists of six parts, which are further subdivided into chapters. The main topics of the particular parts are these: historical development, human life, euthanasia, murder, manslaughter, and comparison with Slovakia. The thesis is intended to provide the reader with a comprehensive and, simultaneously, a clear overview of the issue of intentional killings and the circumstances associated with them. An analysis of historical legislation is given in part one. It examines more closely the period of the Middle Ages and the Enlightenment, as well as the reform codifications of the 19th century. Subsequently, attention is focused on Czechoslovakia, analyzing the adjustment effective in the times of its establishment as well as during the totalitarian regime. The conclusion of the historical excursion is the present situation. The second part deals with human life, the protected object from these offences. Chapter one describes its inception, from the medical point of view (such as the fusion of male and female reproductive cells and the formation of the zygote), and...
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Placement of the Criminal police within the police forces in Czechoslovakia era after 1948
Lipš, Martin ; Mücke, Pavel (advisor) ; Wohlmuth, Petr (referee)
This diploma thesis is about forensic science, criminal acts and organization of protective security units investigating such activities in the former Czechoslovakia between the years of 1948 and 1969. It also indicates how the criminal activity was developed in the Czechoslovakia and how the former police departments took part in the investigation. The course of the investigation, the crime investigation methods, and the theoretical bases of that time, on which the forensic science was based, are thoroughly described on specific serious crimes. The thesis mainly draws from the primary resources such as archive research, notably from the Security Service Archive's materials, and the periodical press. Keywords Forensic science in the Czechoslovakia, "Department of Public Security" (Veřejná bezpečnost), murder, criminal activity, criminal offence in the Czechoslovakia, Security Services Archive
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Crime of murder and manslaughter under section 140, 141 of the Criminal Code
Venc, Jan ; Hořák, Jaromír (referee)
Crime of murder and manslaughter under section 140, 141 of the Criminal Code Abstract This thesis is focused on crimes of murder and manslaughter under Act No. 40/2009 Coll., Criminal Code. The aim of the thesis is to deliver a complex analysis of crimes of murder and manslaughter under section 140, 141 of the Criminal Code and evaluate them de lege ferenda. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is dedicated to the historical development of intentional killings regulation in the premises of today's Czech Republic. In particular, the attention is brought to the Austrian Penal Act from 1852 all the way up to the adaptation of the present Criminal Code of the Czech Republic. The second chapter is focused on actus reus of the crime of murder and manslaughter. Both of these crimes are of special significant object - the human life. This chapter's focus is also dedicated to the beginning and the end of human life from the perspective of criminal law. The third chapter focuses on the analysis of the crime of murder and its systematization under the present Criminal Code. Within this chapter, the simple murder and premeditative murder are outlined from which is murder with forethought and murder after prior consideration further defined. The significant part of this chapter is the description...
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Crime of murder and manslaughter under section 140, 141 of the Criminal Code
Venc, Jan ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Pelc, Vladimír (referee)
Crime of murder and manslaughter under section 140, 141 of the Criminal Code Abstract This thesis is focused on crimes of murder and manslaughter under Act No. 40/2009 Coll., Criminal Code. The aim of the thesis is to deliver a complex analysis of crimes of murder and manslaughter under section 140, 141 of the Criminal Code and evaluate them de lege ferenda. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is dedicated to the historical development of intentional killings regulation in the premises of today's Czech Republic. In particular, the attention is brought to the Austrian Penal Act from 1852 all the way up to the adaptation of the present Criminal Code of the Czech Republic. The second chapter is focused on actus reus of the crime of murder and manslaughter. Both of these crimes are of special significant object - the human life. This chapter's focus is also dedicated to the beginning and the end of human life from the perspective of criminal law. The third chapter focuses on the analysis of the crime of murder and its systematization under the present Criminal Code. Within this chapter, the simple murder and premeditative murder are outlined from which is murder with forethought and murder after prior consideration further defined. The significant part of this chapter is the description...
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