|
Movement and stagnation in Samuel Beckett's work
Kudrnová, Anna ; Wallace, Clare (referee) ; Pilný, Ondřej (advisor)
Upon encountering the dramas and shorter prosaic works of Samuel Beckett, the reader or spectator will probably soon notice, apart from other characteristic features, the exceptional number of characters that limp, have various foot defects and pains, have problems with locomotion and balance, or who are even legless. In other cases, external causes impede the protagonists from moving, as for example in the play Happy Days, where Winnie is stuck in a mound of earth. Incapability of movement and stagnation, whether voluntary or forced, does not appear merely on the physical level; hesitation, inability to decide or act despite an urge to do so are themes frequently occurring in Beckett's texts; when we think of these manifestations of impotence in abstract terms, we realise that they represent stagnation as well: the inability to progress from one situation to another, further from one attitude or mental state etc. The characters often experience the ancient dilemma of activity versus passivity in human life; in many cases, Beckett illustrates it on motion. Another level on which a certain form of immobility emerges is often the structure of a text; that is to say, the plot does not reach any conclusion; the situation presented therein, although usually close to unbearable, does not change, or becomes...
|
| |
| |
|
Interaction of selected antiepileptics with MRP2 transporter
Bačová, Jitka ; Pávek, Petr (advisor) ; Trejtnar, František (referee)
(English version) Purpose: Based on recent studies, which have determinated overexpression of efflux transporter MRP2 in blood-brain barier of patients with refractory epilepsy, it has been suggested that this overexpression could contribute to the farmacoresistance to antiepileptic drugs. The aim of our study was to test substrate affinity of selected antiepileptic drugs. In particular, we focused on phenobarbital, phenytoin, ethosuximide, primidone, valproate, carbamazepin, clonazepam and lamotrigin. Furthermore, the inhibitory potency of these antiepileptic to MRP2 was examined. Methods: To study substrate affinity of tested antiepileptic to MRP2, transport experiments were performed in epithelial cell monolayers cultivated on mikroporous membrane filtres. Particulary, MDCKII cells transfected with cDNA of human MRP2 and, as a control, MDCKII-NeO cells where the expression of MRP2 is supressed, were used. For detection of inhibitory potency of the antiepileptic drugs to MRP2, accumulation assays were carried out on MDCKII-MRP2 and MDCKII-NeO cell lines using calcein as a known fluorescent substrate of MRP2. Results: The tested antiepileptic drugs are neither substrates nor inhibitors of MRP2. Conclusion: Our data do not support the hypothesis that the overexpression of MRP2 in blood- brain...
|
| |
|
Měření membránového potenciálu u mutantních kmenů Saccharomyces cerevisiae deficientních v různých membránových transportérech
Džamba, Dávid ; Gášková, Dana (advisor) ; Krůšek, Jan (referee)
Potassium transport across the cell membrane is supposed to contribute to the maintenance of membrane potential. In this work, the diS-C3(3) assay was used to determine the contribution of three main potassium transporters of S. cerevisiae cells (Trk1p, Trk2p and Tok1p) to the membrane potential changes in three different growth phases. It was shown that deletions of these transporters cause hyperpolarisation of the cell membrane in exponential and early diauxic growth phases; no difference was detected in post-diauxic cells. Another contribution of this work is in a deeper study of the activity of ABC pumps which are crucial in multidrug resistance. It was proved that apart from Pdr5p and Snq2p pumps, there are also other active extrusion pumps (most likely Pdr10p and Pdr15p). It was also showed that pdr1, pdr3 mutant strain is not an equivalent of strain lacking the multidrug pumps Pdr5p, Snq2p and Yor1p. The results in this work indicate that dis-C3(3) probe is probably a substrate of other pumps such as Pdr15p. Study of these transporters with our method is thus very suitable and could provide detailed information about their kinetics and help in finding their inhibitors.
|
|
The Czechoslovak-Polish dispute over Javorina within the billateral relations of the inter-war period (1921-1939)
Jakubec, Pavol ; Nálevka, Vladimír (advisor) ; Horčička, Václav (referee)
In this study, an interesting chapter of Czechoslovak foreign policy linked with the High Tatras region in the north of present-day Slovakia is questioned - Polish-Czechoslovak dispute on Javorina. Unique natural setting of this mountainous pocket and a bit non-standard ethnical conditions of the periphery (the locals were at best amidst their identification with a modern political nation) played their part in the collision of Czechoslovak and Polish aspirations. The following dispute has broken twice in the inter-war period, thus being a question of recurring interest. Though not of a decisive importance, the Javorina question was one of symptomatic dissonances in the relations between Prague and Warsaw. The story of the controversy about the village and its environs goes back to the formative months of the both Slavic states succeeding the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. In absence of Czechoslovakian troops, the whole country of northern Scepusia (better-known in German as Zips), as far as the towns of Stará Ľubovňa and Kežmarok on the river Poprad, was taken over by Polish troops in November-December 1918. Czechoslovakia did not want to give up the territory at any rate, and, with a slight delay, examined a local campaign to push the Poles north of historical Galician-Hungarian border. Collision was presented...
|
|
Czech players opinions of streetball
Faul, Marcel ; Kaprálek, Tomáš (referee) ; Velenský, Michael (advisor)
Title: Czech players opinions of streetball Aim: The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyze an actual situation of streetball in Czech republic, respectively in the world and also to find Czech players opinions of streetball and find the reasons why basketball players give priority to streetball. Methodology of thesis: The paper has character of qualitative research. In result our analysis should be the first official study of this subject in Czech Republic and could help to better orientation in this modification of basketball. Thanks to results of questionary aplication we will find the reason why basketball players prefer streetball. Results: The thesis confirmed more or less hypotesis before. We wanted to find how the streetball is attractive for basketball players. The questionary confirmed that they playes streetball often and majority of them prefer it especially in the summer-time or minimally they appreciates it like a good change in trainig. Key words: basketball, streetball, freedom, delights un movement, fair play.
|
| |
|
Diagnostic contribution to the evaluation of intervention models in the treatment of type 1 diabetes
Zacharovová, Klára ; Saudek, František (advisor) ; Plecitá, Lydie (referee) ; Mandys, Václav (referee)
During treatment of diabetes mellitus by immunointervention or transplantation, it is necessary to monitor the markers of immune destruction or rejection of surviving insulin producing cells. An aim of this thesis is to improve the possibilities of following autoimmunity and to detect the survival of transplanted pancreatic islet in vivo. Partial aims included vitality testing of isolated islets for transplantation by measurement of respiration activity, observing the process of in vitro labeling of isolated islets with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) contrast agent for subsequent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of islets and observing SPIO particles transport after transplantation. We also studied a new dual paramagnetic contrast agent combined with fluorescein intended for identification of the MRI contrast agent in samples for histology. Further, we assessed autoimmune reaction by evaluation of cytokine response to specific stimulation with auto-antigens. We tried to affect beta-cells destruction by polyclonal anti- thymocyte antibodies in a mouse experimental model. A new method of the islet respiration measurement correlated with other methods of islet quality testing and it was suggested as a diagnostic test before clinical transplantation. Results obtained studying the intercellular...
|
guest ::
