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Analysis of legalizing financial compensation on the kidney market: Iranian case and its application on the Czech Republic during 2006-2015
Cachnín, Patrik ; Procházka, Pavel (advisor) ; Barák, Vladimír (referee)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the Iranian system of kidney trade, whose de facto legalization in 1988 allows to analyze important aspects of this solution to the shortage of kidneys. The Iranian case has not confirmed the common concern of opponents of the monetary compensations for the kidney donation about displacement of the altruistic and cadaveric donors after the sale legalization. The work also refuses the hypothesis which states that market legalization puts poor patients at a disadvantage and favours the rich patients. The Iranian case documents improvement of the situation for all patients. Application of the Iranian system to the Czech Republic is carried out in the main part of the work, and the impact of the introduction of the system with legalized monetary compensations on the expenses in the health care system in the years 2006-2015 is calculated via the cost-benefit analysis. The result is a positive balance of the total amount CZK 4.2-5.1 billion in favour of introducing this system.
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Potential tax revenue from legalizing the sale of marijuana in Czech Republic
Kadleček, Martin ; Štípek, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hájek, Jan (referee)
Thesis deals with the estimate of potential tax revenue from legalizing the sale of marijuana in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part describes the legalization process in the Netherlands, Uruguay, Colorado, Washington and the Czech Republic, and presents the theoretical approaches to the estimation of tax revenue and the form of the marijuana market. The practical part analyzes the marijuana market from the demand side based on statistical data and on the supply side based on two research methods. The first method uses a questionnaire survey of 42 growers of marijuana to achieve an estimate of the average annual cost of producing one gram of marijuana in the amount of CZK 53.33 / g. The second method gives these costs in the amount of CZK 0.0525 / g by comparison with the tobacco market in the US. While the second method is evaluated as unusable for marketing in the Czech Republic, the first method is also used to estimate the potential tax revenue in two specific situations. The first situation is calculated at the rate of excise duty of 27% + CZK 1.896 / g. There is the potential tax revenue is estimated in the range of 2.48 to 4.41 billion CZK. The second situation is calculated at the rate of excise duty in the amount of CZK 77.07 / g. There is the potential tax revenue is estimated in the range of 2.89 to 5.9 billion CZK.
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The potential of cannabis legalization in the Czech Republic
Holá, Jana ; Stroukal, Dominik (advisor) ; Špecián, Petr (referee)
The main aim of the thesis is to verify the correlation between cannabis use and the crime rate in accordance with the legalization of marijuana in Colorado 1. 1. 2014. Method difference in differences is used to analyze this problem by comparing Denver with Philadelphia. Philadelphia is the control group because legalization did not occur there. Panel data in monthly intervals for the period from 2006 to 2014 are used. The hypothesis in this thesis is a positive correlation between cannabis use and crime rates. The results of the regression analysis show that differences in number of all offenses per 100 000 inhabitants decreased by 11.83 units and differences in number of violent crimes per 100 000 inhabitants increased by 0.67 units after legalization of cannabis. Increase of violent crimes verified the hypothesis. However the hypothesis was not verified in case of all offenses. The Czech Republic is supposed to be similarly affected by eventual legalization of cannabis, which follows from an applying the results to the Czech Republic. In addition, the discussion shows that the Czech Republic could set a higher tax rate for cannabis than Colorado. If the funds gained from eventual legalization of cannabis in Czech Republic had been allocated properly in society, an increase of violent crimes could be lower.
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Analysis of the problematics of coca cultivation in Bolivia and its impact on the relations with the US
Šlechtová, Markéta ; Havlová, Radka (advisor) ; Melounová, Irena (referee)
Bachelor thesis, Analysis of the problematics of coca cultivation in Bolivia and its impact on the relations with the US, examines the historical development, traditional use and cultivation of coca. It also discusses the causes of the US hard-line stance against drugs and its efforts to completely eradicate coca in producing countries such as Bolivia. It captures not only the historical but also the economic context, and the strategies and laws used to enforce the coca eradication. It also identifies the major reasons why the chosen strategy does not produce the desired effects, and how the problematic situation of the production and smuggling of drugs should be dealt with according to the bolivian president Evo Morales and the US government. Firstly, the study examines the historical context and traditions of the cultivation and use of coca, followed by a description of the domestic situation, the relation between Bolivia and the US and the lobbying efforts in coca legalization made by president Morales. The second chapter describes the history of cocaine in the US, hard-line stance against drugs and the drug cooperation of the US and Bolivian governments. The study ends with the insight and views on the current situation from the position of the United States and countries neighboring Bolivia.
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Economic Impact of Drug Addiction
Švástová, Lýdie ; Kaczor, Pavel (advisor) ; Havlová, Lenka (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with drugs issue primarily from view of economic impact to the Czech Republic. It endeavours to quantify of costs or estimate of costs for the anti-drug policy and the medical care for humans who use drugs. It opens the subject of the drug legalization and is trying to describe its possible consequences.
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Analysis of effectiveness of the psychoactive drugs prohibition and economic and social consequences of legalization
Mráz, Vít ; Štekláč, Jiří (advisor) ; Doležal, Ondřej (referee)
Nowadays, there is lot of discussion about drug legalization or about the inefficiency of the current prohibitive policy. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the economic and social impact of prohibition, compare them with the likely economic and social impact of legalization and then, from this comparison, evaluate which of these two policies is more efficient. The first part is an introduction of the topic of illicit drug policy and illicit drugs in general. In the second part, I evaluate the impact of these two policies on the wide spectrum of domains which drug policy affects. In the third part, where I summarize and compare the impacts of these two policies, I reach the conclusion, that prohibition compared to legalization causes significant increase in criminality, increases the harm of drugs used, increases the expenditure and lowers the revenue of the state budget and a lot of other negative effects. On the other hand, prohibition probably reduces the amount of drug users. Moreover I reach the conclusion that drug policy will be soon challenged by problems raised by new technologies. The thesis concludes that legalization would be better since it has the potential to reduce or completely minimize the negative impacts of prohibition.
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Effect of NAFTA agreement on drug trafficking between the U.S. and Mexico
Kováč, Jakub ; Gullová, Soňa (advisor) ; Klosová, Anna (referee)
Diploma thesis "Effect of NAFTA agreement on drug trafficking between the U.S. and Mexico" analyzes the phenomenon of illegal drug trade in the Americas. The aim of the thesis was to seek causes of drug trafficking based on the proven asymmetry of the U.S. - Mexico political and economic relations and analyze its development to the present. Particular emphasis was placed on NAFTA agreement and evaluation of its effect on drug trafficking. The last chapter provides possible solution proposals globally applicable.
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Economical aspects of health care services and risks connected with legalization of euthanasia
Stehlíková, Jana ; Kuba, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Matula, Miloš (referee)
The thesis deals with legalization of active euthanasia, its main impacts for the whole society, potential abuse and some basic concerns of specialist of various profession related to euthanasia. The thesis is focused on the medical, economic, legal and religious point of view of euthanasia and defines crucial approaches of the defenders and defendant of euthanasia. Special emphasis is on the attitude of doctors, whose opinions on legalization of active euthanasia vary. The thesis denies legalization of active euthanasia as a good solution for patients which are incurable ill or dying, calls attention to keeping the right to live in current form and disagrees with the economical argument that euthanasia is cheap and fast solution for complicated situation of the health service.
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Analysis of short-term impact and estimate of long-term impact of legalizing marijuana on economic productivity of Colorado in 2014
Zavřelová, Lucie ; Štekláč, Jiří (advisor) ; Brabec, Petr (referee)
This paper mainly analyses the impact of legalisation of recreational marijuana on economic productivity of Colorado in one year period. The subject of literary research is theoretical function of drug markets, forming of demand, supply and price. Theory is focused on relationship between economy and drugs, impact of prohibition on society and economy. It estimates the consequence of legalisation based on scientific opinions. History of prohibition and health effects of marijuana are mentioned shortly. The second part describes the legislation and procedure of legalisation in Colorado. Empirical findings analyse the impact of decriminalisation and legalisation of medical marijuana mainly on consumption and state income. Practical part is focused primarily on full abolition of prohibitive mode and impacts of legalisation of recreational marijuana consumption mainly on tax income, consumption, criminality and unemployment in one year period, and evaluates the consensus with theoretical foundations. Closure is consisted of estimation of long range development based on short range analysis and economic theory.
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