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Invasive meningococcal disease in terms of pre-hospital care
MASOPUSTOVÁ, Jana
Invasive meningococcal disease is one of the most feared infectious diseases in the Czech Republic. It is the condition where a person is infected with any serotype of the bacteria Neisseria meningitidis, which causes a life-threatening meningococcal sepsis. Unfortunately, meningococcal infections belong, even in today's advanced medicine, to the world´s health problems. The life-threatening form of meningococcal invasive disease leads to death when left without treatment. The aim of this thesis was to survey the paramedics´ knowledge of procedures and practices in connection with invasive meningococcal disease in conditions of pre-hospital emergency care, because paramedics usually come into contact with the disease in the first line. In its quantitative investigation the thesis is focused on staff members of the Medical Rescue Service of the South Bohemian region. The questionnaire technique was used to meet the objective to survey the paramedics´ knowledge of procedures and practices in connection with invasive meningococcal disease. The research has proved that paramedics are truly knowledgeable about procedures in pre-hospital emergency care. Most questions in the survey were answered correctly, better than average. By using control questions, only minor shortcomings were detected, such as insufficient training of the issue by the employer and a limited possibility of monitoring the further life story of the patients with this disease after their transfer for further care. In my opinion this specific disease with its rapid invasiveness in the organism requires a thorough knowledge by medical staff, which has been verified. It has been confirmed that the Medical Rescue Service personnel of the South Bohemian region are ready to provide expert medical care to our patients with the utmost expertise and professionalism.
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Susceptibility of pigs to various Cryptosporidium species and genotypes
KESTŘÁNOVÁ, Michaela
Three-four and 8 week old pigs (three animals per isolate) were inoculated with Cryptosporidium muris C. tyzerri, C. suis and Cryptosporidium pig genotype II at a dose of 1 × 107 oocysts per animal. Pigs inoculated with C. muris or C. tyzerri showed no detectable infection and no clinical symptoms of cryptosporidiosis during 30 days post infection (DPI), and no macroscopic changes were detected in the digestive tract after necropsy. Any developmental stages were detected in gastrointestinal tract tissue neither by histology nor PCR throughout the duration of the experiment. The infectivity of these isolates was verified on SCID mice, in which oocysts shedding started from 4 to 8 DPI. Experimental infection revealed susceptibility of both 4 and 8 week old pigs to C. suis. While parasitological, molecular and histology examination confirmed susceptibility of 8 week old pigs to Cryptosporidium pig genotype II, 4 week old pigs were not being infected with this genotype. Both C. suis and Cryptosporidium pig genotype II were detected in small and large intestine. Based on our findings, it can be concluded that pigs are not susceptible to C. muris or C. tyzzeri infection, C. suis does not have age specificity and Cryptosporidium pig genotype II is not infectious for pre-weaned pigs
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Fish Population in Tributaries of Tepla Vltava River
GEBAUER, Radek
Monitoring of fish populations in tributaries of Tepla Vltava River was performed in 2010. This survey was held in pre-selected localities. The aim was to detect the status of local ichthyofauna in terms of biodiversity, equitability, abundance, dominance and size variation. The results can be used for comparison with future researches at these localities. To catching fish was used the electrofishing. Each section was 200 m long and the electrofishing crew went upstream in entire width of the flow. Caught fish were determined, measured and carefully returned back to the stream. Based on acquired information was evaluated the status of fish populations. All together we have caught 7 fish species and 1 cyclostomes species ? brook lamprey. In terms of dominance took the first place brook trout (average 79 %) followed by the bullhead (12.9 %). Other protected and endangered species were: brook lamprey, fathead minnow and burbot. In terms of biodiversity was on the first place Olšinka (1.07), lowest biodiversity was on the brooks Jedlový, Houženský and Kubohuťský stream, the value of biodiversity was here 0. Highest equitability was calculated on the middle section of the Kaplický stream (0.95). The worst stream was the Jedlový stream. On 200 m long section of this stream occured only 9 pieces of brook trout.
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Giardia intestinalis karyotypes
Hudosová, Lenka ; Nohýnková, Eva (advisor) ; Král, Jiří (referee)
Giardia intestinalis is a parasitic protist that causes one of the most common diarrheal disease of parasite origin. The cell of Giardia contains two nuclei with unknown number of chromosomes until recently. Karyotype was determined five years ago using conventional cytogenetic method by Tůmová and collaborators. In my work, I assessed karyotype of four isolates, six lines and three clonal lines by the same method. It was confirmed, that two nuclei within one cell could differ in chromosome number, the differences found were 1, 2 or 6 chromosomes. Aneuploid number of chromosomes was found too. In case that both nuclei within single cell contained the same number of chromosomes, there were 10 chromosomes indentified in each nucleus. It was also revealed, that karyotype is not specific feature for different genetic groups (in this work assemblages A and E). Karyotype can be different even among lines and clonal populations derived from the same isolate. Changes in karyotype in the course of in vitro cultivation were detected within three populations. Results are discussed in relation to known facts.
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Automatic detection of ischemia in ECG using artificial neural network
Noremberczyk, Adam ; Smital, Lukáš (referee) ; Ronzhina, Marina (advisor)
This thesis discusses the utilization of the artificial neural networks (ANN) as electrocardiography (ECG) classifiers of coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction (MI) in ECG signal. The first part of this thesis is orientated towards the theoretical knowledge and describes the issue of ECG pathological changes, methods for automatic detection of CAD and MI and the issue of the perceptron and ANN. The second deals with use of Neural Network Toolbox MATLAB® version R2010a. In graphical user interface development environment (Guide) is created application that is used to compare the success of automatic detection of ischemia in ECG using ANN. It allows the user to set various parameter settings UNS and display ECG waveforms.
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Mobile Robot Tracking Using Image Processing
Krejsa, Jiří ; Věchet, Stanislav ; Ripel, T.
During the evaluation of autonomous mobile robot navigation routines the determination of true robot position on its track is essential. The paper presents simple yet reliable method of tracking robot position using processing of images acquired from the devices positioned above the operation space. The method consists of two steps for each image: detection of the robot in image space and transfer of its coordinates to operation space.
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Diabetes mellitus in the population of seniors in residential institutions
Stellarová, Apolena ; Novák, František (advisor) ; Vařeka, Tomáš (referee)
The issue of nutrition is not an easy issue, and is even more demanding with respect to persons for whom it is necessary to take into account the Sénia. Moreover, if this period of life accompanies diabetes mellitus, significantly increasing the importance of nutrition. Diabetes mellitus is a disease that is now a very hot topic, because the figures showing the incidence of diabetes continues to rise and diabetes is becoming a disease of civilization. Bachelor thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part, which includes knowledge about diabetes mellitus and its treatment, but also deals with aspects of aging and life in residential facilities. In the practical part of me is contained examined the results. The target detection method was used quantitative survey. The questionnaire is designed to affect the possible disparity in attitudes of both groups of respondents. The process has been used quite satisfactory 110 completed questionnaires. The questionnaire contained questions about diet, diabetes mellitus, awareness of seniors, but also the drinking regime and physical activity. It was also used for target detection protocol, which included questions about diet, staffing and implementation of education in each of the 11 residential facilities. The survey was directed so as to achieve...
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Risk factors importance by detection of breast carcinoma
CISÁRIKOVÁ, Štěpánka
Risk factors importance by detection of breast carcinoma Breast cancer is the most frequent women malignancy and its incidence in developed countriesis on the rise all the time. It is necessary to look for effective procedures of prevention of occurance of this desease, to examine and see all risk factors that could help, though in a small extent, to spreads this desease. It is necessary to provide very sensitive sreening, to improve all possible methods of examination and to opt for effective methods of treatment.Risk factors represent heterogenous set of impacts of both the internal and external environment and they influence an outbreak of breast cancer through various mechanisms. The goal of my work - based on analysis of risk factors - is to refer to the factors that might be important in preventive treatment of this disease. I made statistic analysis of questionaires of women with breast cancer and a group of random samples of other women. The research showed a negative impact of cancer in family ananmnesis, age of the first childbirth after the age of 30 and also the impact of the environmet - in the areas with elevated levels of radiation in the ground the braeast cancer was more frequent.Of course, my results may be burdened by small numbers mistakes but one thing is clear - that in a family history of breast cancer women should undergo a mammography screening every year. Obejctively and statistically significant results may be gained only by a long time monitoring of given number of women.
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