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Hodnocení výskytu a druhového složení chorob a škodců u kosatců skupiny limniris
Klenzová, Tereza
The bachelor thesis was discussed in the institute of vegetable growing and floriculture of Faculty of Horticulture in Mendel University in Brno, Lednice in the periods of the years 2010 -- 2011. The thesis is mostly focused on description of Irises, group limniris, list of diseases and pests on irises and suggestion how to cure them. Diseases and pests have been observed and collected, on collection area with irises in ZF, Lednice three times, within vegetation. All described damages have been found on second collection, in efflorescence. Irises have been damaged also by wrong growing conditions, such as unsuitable watering, insufficiency of nutrients, wrong pH and unsuitable soil structure. Amongst viruses found on these irises it was mainly mold grey iris (Botrytis cinerea) and dry spottiness on leaves of iris (Davidiella macrospora). Snails (Pulmonata), Mononychus punctumalbum, Oxythyrea funesta, common earwig (Forficula auricularia), leaf aphids (Aphidoidea), ants (Formicoidea) and Acronicta sp. are mostly occuring pests on these collections. Mostly damaged species was I. sibirica, what means, that although it is most cultivated species in our country, it is not going that well. For determined location it can be recommended mainly prevention and biological protection such as natural enemies of pests and plants, which repels pests. In case of persistence in occuring of pathogens, it would be better use chemicals (Rovral Flo, Captan 50 WP, Saprol New, Decis 2,5 EC, Actellic 50 EC, Furadanu 5G, Aztec 140 EW or Pirimor 25 WG). These chemicals can, in wrong usage damage plants, so prevention and biological protection is recommended first, and it is also eco friendly.
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Rostliny tradiční čínské medicíny
Barcalová, Šárka
The bachelor's work concerns with flowers used by traditional Chinese medicine, which can be also grown in Czech republic. There are botanically described 25 species of plants. For all species, except Adenophora tetraphylla and Rhododendron molle, were proved antioxidant effects of drug. Availability of the plants in the form of seeds and seedlings and their location in botanical gardens of Czech republic is also added. Hereafter are mentioned 28 species of flowers, that belong to traditional Chinese medicine that can be found in Czech republic. A list of species, that belong to traditional Chinese medicine and are in experimental garden ZF MENDELU and a list of other flower species, which could be located here in the future, are also included.
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Možnosti péče a obnovy genofondu rodu Rheum L.
Chaloupková, Veronika
The aim of this diploma thesis was describe and evaluate individual genotypes of genus Rheum L., which are planted on field of Horticulture Faculty MENDELU in Lednice. Descriptors were evaluated with descriptor list, including laboratory examination of content of ascorb acid, oxalic acid, refractometric dry matter, nitrates (NO3), antioxidant capacity (TAC) and dry matter. Purpose of this work is take care of present collection of genotypes and increase its number with additional promising genotypes. Maintenance of gene pool of rhubarb is needed for preservation not just original genetic resources but also for maintaining overall biodiversity.
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Stroje pro chemickou ochranu rostlin
Lesa, Petr
This thetis presents list of methods of plants protection and machines at work in a chemical plant protection. I tis presented their distribution and classification. The following is presented charakterization individual parts of sprinklers, the possibility of reducing drift spray liquid in the application and adjusting application rates. In the practical part by measuring flow rates of two types of nozzles, their comparison with set values and control the uniformity of flow rate nozzles around the application frame sprinklers.
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Diversity of rust fungi in plant communities of Oblík hill
Stodolová, Pavla ; Hanzalová, Alena (referee) ; Marková, Jaroslava (advisor)
Pavla Stodolová Diversity of rust fungi in plant communities of Oblík hill Abstract This diploma is based on previous Bc. thesis. It consists of two parts. The first part is devoted to the diversity of the rust on the locality Oblík Mt. (České středohoří Mts.). The second part includes the instruction for use of theme of the rust in biological practical lesson. The special part consists of a brief description of the locality Oblík, the methods of collecting, processing and preservation of rust and a list of hosts with their rusts and their descriptions. On the investigated area there were found 32 species of rusts. They presence was determined by the influence of several factors: the composition of surrounding vegetation, the local climate, the annual average temperature, the wind direction, the quantity of rainfall, ontogenetic development of the host plant. The occurrence of some rust species should be expected here in following year, especially the species overwintering as perennial mycelium. The occurrence of most species of rusts is difficult to predict in the future, because they spread diffusely. The special attention was paid to rust on spring plants: Uromyces muscari on Muscari tenuiflorum and Puccinia liliacearum on Ornithogalum kochii. These species were chosen because of their regular occurrence...
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Population biology and ecology of Phyteuma orbiculare L.
Fialová, Tereza ; Rybka, Vlastimil (referee) ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor)
Population biology and ecology of the species Phyteuma orbiculare L. Abstract This diploma's thesis deals with Phyteuma orbiculare L. (Round-headed Rampion) from family Campanulaceae. According to the law (MŽP ČR 395/1992 Sb.) the studied species is classified as a seriously endangered species of the Czech flora. Two of its distinguished subspecies (subsp. montanum and flexuosum) are on the Red list of vascular plant species (Procházka 2001) of critically endangered species. One of the outputs of this thesis are grid maps of all localities of the species in the following time intervals: until 1949, 1950 - 1989, 1990 - 1999 and 2000 - 2010. As information sources about location of P. orbiculare I used herbaria collections, literature, botanical databases, and Protected Landscape Area Administrative reports. Some data were obtained from botanical experts and some from my personal field-work. One of the main results of thesis is comparison of the distribution of historical and recent localities of the species. I studied chemical composition of soil, species composition and number of flowering plants amount of populations in 21 recent and 19 historical localities in Czech Republic. Recent localities are richer in species and poorer in nutritive substances than the historical localities. Number of flowering...
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Problems posed by the protection of lamprey and fish localities of European importance in the drainage areas of the Dyje, Morava, and Odra rivers
Lusk, Stanislav ; Lusková, Věra ; Lojkásek, B. ; Halačka, Karel
In consequence of the accepted legislation concerning the protection of lamprey and fish species of European importance, potential sites of community interest (pSCI) have been selected for such species. At present, the national list of the proposed pSCI is being examined by the European Commission. If approved upon, the pSCI will be proclaimed "special areas of conservation" within the NATURA 2000 system. Although such pSCI and their populations are protected by legislation, there occur risks that endanger, both directly and indirectly, the quality of the pSCI and the population of the particular species. The examples mentioned in the paper indicate that such risks include local emergency pollution, construction of weirs and small hydraulic power plants, extraction of sediments from streambeds, cruising vessels, and stream modification. Such risks are due to the inconsequence and reluctance in observing the legal protection measures by concrete authorities of nature conservation.
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Legal policy of genetically modified organisms and Consumer Protection
Skálová, Petra ; Neděla, Radek (advisor) ; Bačina, Jan (referee)
This Bachelor thesis is focused on genetic engineering and its results. The aim is to familiarize the reader with the issue of biotechnology and its products, which are genetically modified organisms. The introduction of the work explains the basic concepts and describes the history of the biotechnology and genetic modifications in general. In this part are also listed examples of genetic modifications including information about testing and practical application in the Czech Republic. This scientific branch is in the very beginning and there are still ongoing series of programs and research in order to create new plants and animals. The second chapter briefly summarizes the positive and negative aspects of the use of genetic modification. The third chapter is focused on the legal regulation of this issue. The first subsection summarizes the Czech legislation, the second one summarizes European legislative shared by member states of the EU. Fundamental international organisations which are dealing with genetic engineering are not omitted in following subsection. Some international agreements are also mentioned. The last, it means fourth, chapter focuses on the consumers, not only as an object of the protection by government and international organisations, but also in terms of their attitude to genetically modified organisms used in the production process of food intended for the market. Subsections describe the issues of labelling GM-products and lack of awareness of people, they mention movements and non-profit organisations fighting against using GMOs in the products intended for human consumption and their use in general. This issue is connected with many risks including possible side-effects on human health. This section also describes general attitude of the consumers themselves to GM-products.
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Výroba energie z obnovitelných zdrojů jako forma diverzifikace činnosti zemědělského podniku
Rada, Vojtěch
This thesis deals with renewable energy sources with a focus on the biogas plant as a new form of diversification of farm activities. In the theses is characterized renewable energy source of energy, their development and tools for their support in the European Union and the Czech Republic. At the same time provides the legislative framework for the support of renewable energy sources. Describes the development of biogas plants in the Czech Republic, lists the various types of biogas plants, the principles of their operationn and types of purchase of electricity. The work focuses on the characterization and comparison of two technologically different biogas plants for two years, which are operated in farms. These biogass plants compares between each other by analysis of the costs and revenues related to the production of electricity. At the same time, the thesis analyzed the external and internal environment of these biogas plants
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Description and metabolites of pharmaceutical and toxicological important plants I.
Homolová, Lucie ; Opletal, Lubomír (advisor) ; Macáková, Kateřina (referee)
VIII. ABSTRACT HOMOLOVÁ Lucie, Description and metabolites of pharmaceutically and toxicologically important plants, Thesis, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Hradec Králové 2008, 90 pp. In this thesis 31 pharmaceutically and toxicologically important or interesting plants are described. The work is focused especially on metabolites and use of these plants - therapeutical, folk and tradicional medicine, in some cases also in food-processing industry. Prahmacopoeial and non-pharmacopoeial monographs and dosage are also listed. For this thesis plants which are used in folk medicine even though the contents of substances does not conform to it were chosen. Other recorded plants were primarily used for some particular reasons but now some other important substances are extracted from them. Also plants that are toxic and can not be recommended for treating diseases but are still used in folk medicine are described. In the end the actual utilization and benefits of each plant are evaluated. Key words:
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