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Legal issues of cooperativization of Czech villages in the 1950s
Hanzálková, Petra ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
My diploma thesis deals with legal issues of agricultural collectivization (cooperativization) of Czech villages in 50th years of 20th century. This period produced many personal tragedies, destroyed lives, caused material damages and disrupted traditional village social structure. The thesis is divided into five chapters, in the beginning, the focus is on the idea of "collectivization of agriculture" in general (its meaning, origin, time before this process and also generalization in the context of the Eastern bloc countries). Next chapter is specialized on the process of collectivization in Czechoslovakia including the time of this period and definition of general used word (the word "JZD" and "státní statek" and the Soviet Union's equivalents "kolchoz" and "sovchoz"). The main point of the thesis is in the third chapter which describes very precisely first phase of agricultural collectivization in Czechoslovakia (preparation, approval of the "JZD" act, transformation according to soviet collectivization and analysis of methods used in the process of big farmers' liquidation and property confiscation). Very important part of this chapter is focused on the Mission "K" (preparation, course and problems with the realization). Focus was also taken on the detailed description of the term "kulak". The fourth...
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Collectivization and transformation of Czechoslovak and Czech agriculture in the years 1945 - 2004, legal normative view
Hraba, Zdeněk ; Soukup, Ladislav (advisor) ; Kuklík, Jan (referee) ; Vojáček, Ladislav (referee)
1 Abstract The subject of this work is to monitor a certain section changes the rule of law, regulating the organization and functioning of agriculture in the transition from one mode to another mode and period of stabilization. The work deals with the normative regulation of the Czechoslovak and Czech agriculture in the period of collectivized application form and the second part of the transition period in Czechoslovak and Czech agriculture on the market form. Collectivization and the actual development of the Czechoslovak socialized agriculture is defined as the years 1949-1990, transformation, or rather de- collectivization and the further development of the market, first Czechoslovak and later Czech agriculture, is dated from 1990 almost until today, and this work deals with the investigation of the legislation referred to by 2004, until the accession of the Czech Republic into the European Union. Since 2004 legislation has already ceased to be exclusively a matter of the state and must be adapted to European Union law, as well as the functioning of the market economic conditions of agriculture are modified implementation of the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union. Collectivization and de-collectivization in this work is conceived in terms of cooperative forms, the specific issue of state...
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Collectivization of Agriculture in the district of Nymburk 1948 - 1953
Rajlová, Lucie ; Kocian, Jiří (advisor) ; Cuhra, Jaroslav (referee)
This diploma work entitled Collectivization of Nymburk district 1948 - 1953 is primarily treated as a brief preview of the beginning of collectivization in the Nymburk district, between1948 and1953. The first part is devoted to describing agriculture in Czechoslovakia and its development after World War II. I will remind the reader of some assumptions on which the cooperative farming, Hradecky program and Ïuriša agricultural laws were based. Part of the text is devoted to circumstances of the post-war ban of the Republican party consisting of agricultural and farming people, formerly Agrarian party - in the postwar political reconstruction. There were many farmers in the ranks of the pre-war Agrarian party. Among them were many of those who were affected most during the years of collectivization practices. The thesis deals with the formation and activities of JZD (collective farms) in selected villages of the Nymburk district during that period. The last section is devoted to the most famous Political processes with Nymburk district farmers and their influence on the atmosphere at the time. The annexes attached to the diploma work contain tables and contemporary propaganda materials. The central part of the work has been developed based on the study of the materials from the State District Archives...
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Collectivization of agriculture and its projection to the landscape. Case study of cadastral area Široký Důl
Kocmanová, Pavlína ; Skaloš, Jan (advisor) ; Bartoš, Michael (referee)
Diplomová práce Kolektivizace zemědělství a její promítnutí do krajiny ABSTRACT I searched changes in the cultural landscape structure in the relation with social processes in the time period 1937-2010 in my thesis. The research refers to the second half of 20th century, or more precisely, to the era of collectivization of Czechoslovak agriculture. In consequence of collectivization, the landscape was ecologically devastated and overall the nature of Czech countryside changed. Analysis of the landscape structure has form of case study of cadastral area of Široký Důl. I interpreted landscape changes from historical aerial photos and then analyzed the changes by geographical information systems. The results of those analyses are indicators (landscape metrics), by which I interpreted conditions of landscape in particular time. I confronted the changes in the landscape structure with social processes, which are described in theoretical part of thesis according to background research. Result of my thesis is general story of particular landscape, whose structure changed fundamentally in consequence of collectivization of agriculture. Key words: landscape structure, collectivization, landscape metrics, GIS, cultural landscape, aerial photos, Široký Důl
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Economic and Political Consequences of Collectivization in Czechoslovakia
Pučelík, Karel ; Chalupecký, Petr (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
This work aims to analyze the consequences of collectivization in czechoslovak agriculture. Reporting period is between 1948-1960. In the theoretical part are described political and economic motives and condition of czechoslovak agriculture. In the practical part contents development of collectivization and impact of agriculture reforms on agriculture sector. Reporting period is divided into three parts according to collectivization intensity. In the end we managed to verify the hypothesis that collectivization strongly affected the czechoslovak agriculture.
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The Soviet collectivization in the late 20s and in the first half of the 30s of the 20th century and evaluation of the social and economic consequences on Volhynian Czechs
Šťastná, Dora ; Fabianková, Klára (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
The thesis focuses on economic development in the Soviet Union in the late 20s and in the first half of the 30s of the 20th century. An accent is placed mainly on collectivisation of agriculture during the first five-year plan. The theoretical part of the thesis is dedicated to the centrally planned economy, previous economic history of the USSR and Stalin's concept of economic policy. The analytical part of the thesis deals with the process of collectivization and evaluation of the social and economic outcomes and consequences, specifically on the territory of Volhynia, where thousands of Czech citizens emigrated. The hypothesis, that Volhynian Czechs were not directly affected by forced collectivization, was disproved. As a result of collectivization the number of czech population in Volhynia decreased by 30%. The first five-year plan featured a big step towards modernization and self-sufficiency of the country, but in the agricultural sector failed.
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Perception of the Collectivization by the Rural and the Urban Community
BUCHTELE, Roman
The bachelor thesis is focused on the description of the history of collectivization in Písek district. It deals with two different groups of citizens - the rural and the urban community. Its main focus is on their personal evaluation of the process, on the contrast between their perception of this issue and its consequences and economical significance. The thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part defines the rural area, the revision of the land reform and the process of collectivization itself, alongside with its economical and social impacts. The basis of the analytical part is the research, which maps the social, environmental and economical impacts of collectivization. The main research method used is triangulation. The data are collected using questionnaires extended by the use of semistructured interviews.
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Changes in representation of violent collectivization of the Czechoslovak country on movie and television screens.
SUDA, Vladislav
The theme of this thesis is the image of collectivization of Czechoslovakian countryside as it was created by Czechoslovak film and television makers in the years 1948 1989. The aim of this work is to describe the transformation of contemporary views on collectivization itself and expose stereotypes that regularly repeated in film and later in television productions at certain times, and possibly highlight movies that are different from the period usage, based on a description and critical analysis of filmmaking. The main part is divided into three parts, the first monitors the period between 1948 1960, the second between 1961 1970 and third between 1971 1989. We will monitor the issue of displaying collectivization at first in general and then even more detail on selected exemplary images in each of these periods. Work also includes the chapters about the overall situation in Czechoslovak cinematography for the relevant period and also the chapter that briefly outlines the historical background of the very act of collectivization Czechoslovakian countryside.
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Collectivization in the USSR in the twenties and thirties of the twentieth century
Malina, Jan ; Fabianková, Klára (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
This thesis focuses on analysis of economic and social situation in the Soviet Union in the late 20s and 30s of the 20th century. It deals mainly with the collectivisation of agriculture and measures taken in the agricultural sector in the early 30s. The theoretical part is dedicated to the analysis of centrally planned economy and to the goals of Stalin's economic policy. The analytical part of the thesis examines the process of collectivization, specific steps taken in the agricultural sector and their impact on the population. The hypothesis, that despite the growth of average consumption per capita as a main indicator of standard of living, the standard of living was reduced, mannaged to prove true.
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The genesis of the rural residential structure development
ČERNÍKOVÁ, Lenka
The goal of the thesis was to discuss landscape changes in the cadastral area of interest: Nalžovské Hory village. The landscape has been assessed according to the changes that occurred during the second military mapping (1844-1845) as well as the third military mapping (1877-1880). Changes in the landscape were also assessed using the period after collectivization in the second half of the Twentieth Century and the present day (2011). Further changes have also been proposed for the village, which could be realized by 2020. The development of changes has been observed in agricultural areas, which includes permanent grassland and arable land, as well as the forest and water areas, and finally the urban area. Proposals for changes in the village have been designed to help develop the areas of housing, recreation and business. The practical section provides reasons for the changes and the results are processed in the charts. The work is complemented by a series of historically valuable photos related to the area under study.
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