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Laboratory diagnostic of the thrombofilic diseases.
Studená, Šárka ; Blažek, Martin (referee) ; Pecka, Miroslav (advisor)
The thesis describes the occurance of trombophilic attacs and about their diagnostic possibilities in women with recurent spontaneous abortions. In the study, the sample of women tested were the ones who subscribed for treatment in the 2nd internal disease clinic - Department of clinical hematology of Faculty hospital and Medical faculty Univerzity Karlovy in Hradec Kralove in years 1995-2007. I have also used the materials from archive whilst investigating some samples from past. I was actively involved in this investigation in last couple of years. During writing conclusion of the knowledge gained, following criteria from the literature of our choice and search were used based on the described importance of trombophylic attacs with rising incidence of is capture: age - in this part we used the median of age from the observed sample number of undertaken abortions - this parameter has a great significancy, however it is needed to overview whole period of pregnancy, afterwhich the abortions arose (in first trimester is crucial third abortion and in second trimester the second abortion has been under the count) number of newborn children - the risk of spontaneous abortion is rising with every child the period of using contraception - the usage of contraceptives can in an early stage show the...
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Influence of overweight and obesity on pupils health (4th - 5th classes of elementary school) in optional region of South Bohemia.
VRAJOVÁ, Zuzana
I am considering the influence of obesity and over weight on the health of children aged 8 to 12 years, in areas in South Czech Republic. The first part is a theoretical critical analysis of the literature, including books and published journal arguments. The main focus is whether the lifestyle of children aged 8 to 12 years influences obesity or over weight. The main body, the second part, focuses on the questioning of a selection of children aged 8 to 12 years old and a discuss on childhood obesity with a fellow academic. Childhood obesity and over weight was discussed with an English Oxford Graduate, in the field of Exercise, Health and Nutrition from the UK. Children, aged 8 to 12 years from Jindřichův Hradec, were questioned on their lifestyle habits in the presence of teachers and directors. The results were analyzed graphically in Microsoft Excel 2003 and Microsoft Word 2003. Statistical analysis was preformed in GARC 406/05/2431 (2005-2007) programmed. Results indicated that low activity levels, due to increased television viewing and games consul playing, could contribute towards childhood obesity.
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Glucose-metabolism patology during pregnancy
Janštová, Alena ; Andělová, Kateřina (advisor)
Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a disease occurring mostly over the age of 40 years. In recent years, however, increasingly more often in younger populations , often even adolescents and children. The team is also related to the increasing prevalence of pregnant women diagnosed with pregestačným type 2 diabetes . Material fact is worsening of pregnancies among these women. The incidence of congenital malformations is 2 - 3 times higher than the normal population . prevalence of sudden intrauterine death is approximately four times higher . Perinatal mortality is comparable in both types of diabetes (2.6% of type 1 diabetes vs.3 , 7 % for type 2 diabetes ) but causes leading to fetal death are different. In Type 1 diabetes is the leading cause of perinatal mortality severe malformation of the fetus and complications related to prematurity . In type 2 diabetes dominated by sudden intrauterine fetal death . From these facts shows how important it is to you earliest detection of the disease , the importance of preconception care with emphasis on planning Parenting and provide adequate prenatal care.
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Prevention of the mother to child transmission of HIV infection with emphasis on brestfeeding
Gojdič, Matej ; Schneidrová, Dagmar (advisor)
The issue of transmission of HIV infection from mother to child is Currently, a high current . Testify statistical Data from WHO . By 2007 , the infected up to two and a half million children in the same year were added 420,000 new children's cases . The sad fact is, in particular , that the Already succumbed to AIDS 330,000 children and the death toll continues to increase steadily . One objective of my work was summarized by available knowledge of the possibilities of vertical transmission of HIV , with an emphasis on breastfeeding on the factors affecting the transmission and the degree of risk for the child . In addition, efforts trying sprehľadniť international , governmental and non-governmental organizations in the fight against transmission of HIV virus from mother to child placenta , parturition , no particular breastfeeding. A further object of the work is to identify the epidemiological situation in Czech Republic with respect to the vertical transmission of HIV infection , clarify the preventive actions applied to clinical practice reality on the Czech territory and optionally disclose their success . I hope the following will fill the lines sketched Metz and highlight on that page so appreciable and bulky issues , such HIV / AIDS .
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Construction of programs preparing for life for children and adolescents growning up in children's home
Klasová, Johana ; Matoušek, Oldřich (advisor) ; Pazlarová, Hana (referee)
My Thesis " Construction of programs preparing for life programs for children and adolescents growing up in children's home" deals with some aspects of taking care of endangered children, whose circumstances don't allow living in their own families at this moment. It is charting briefly the situation around care of children endangered in this way. It talks about functioning of this system and about its weaknesses. It points some disadvantages that complicate independent life of people grown up in institutional care compared to those who grew up in "normal" family and it shows some specific needs of this people when they become live independently. It aspire to approach the lifes of some young people who grew up in Children's home in Sázava and they have been living few years alone already. Firstly it wants to show statistically how many of them are able to live socially functional life in noninstitucoinal surrounding and on which standard. Secondly it shows concrete tales of some of these people and tries to point some interesting aspects of independent life of people who grew up in children's home. Last but not least this thesis wants to point on some actions which could help people who leaves Children's home Sázava to manage better the demands of society on adult people.
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The role of a nurse in a prevention and a treatment of intestinal parasites of children
JANDOVÁ, Anna
The best-known intestinal parasites are Pinworms, Roundworms, Tapeworms and the disease called Toxocarosis. The oftenest parasite is, according to sources, the Pinworm. Intestinal parasites affect mostly young children of pre-school age, sometimes even older. The first goal of the thesis was to investigate parents' awareness of the prevention of parasitic diseases in children. There is a hypothesis set to this goal: Parents of children who suffered from parasitic disease are more informed than parents of children who have not had this disease. The second goal was to map the specifics of nursing care for children with parasitic diseases at GPCHA practice. A research question was chosen for this aim: What are the specifics of nursing care at GPCHA in parasitic diseases? In methodology, the empirical part was chosen and it was a qualitative - quantitative research survey. For the quantitative part, the interrogation method and technique of non-standardized questionnaire was used. The research sample of quantitative survey consisted of 223 respondents, it means parents whose child is aged from 0 to 6 years. The questionnaires were distributed on social networking and others in a nursery school in Týn nad Vltavou. At the very beginning, respondents were acquainted with the topic of the thesis. The results of a quantitative survey were processed with the help of a data matrix and were further processed within twenty-arranged bar charts. To verify the hypothesis, we used the Chi- Quadrat test, which in this case is not satisfactory, therefore, there had to be chosen to merge the responses. An interrogation method, technique-depth interview was used in the qualitative part. The research group consisted of five nurses; three nurses working at GPCHA in Týn nad Vltavou and two working at GPCHA in České Budějovice. While processing the interviews, there open coding was used and an analysis of interviews was conducted by using the method of Pencil and Paper Interview. The results of this bachelor thesis will be published in the journal Paediatrics practice.
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Cystic fibrosis and Nutrition
PECHOVÁ, Jana
The name of bachelor's thesis is "Cystic fibrosis and nutrition". Cystic fibrosis is hereditary chronic disease. It is dysfunction ducts of chloride in a human organism. The manifestation of cystic fibrosis is large quantities of a mucus in the respiratory and digestive system of patient with this diagnostic. This disease we put in the group of very rare illnesses. The smaller percentage citizens in the Czech Republic have this disease. For the people with cystic fibrosis is priority follow recommended eating habits. Prognosis of this disease is getting better and patients can live full-value life. This thesis dealing with how observe the recommended eating habits and eating regimens. The thesis contains some objectives. First, there is finding out whether children who suffer from cystic fibrosis can all sorts of foodstuffs whether they have special requests for quality and preparation of foodstuffs. The second most important objective is appraisal of diets some sample of people with cystic fibrosis. For objectivity this thesis was chose four respondents in age bracket from three to eighteen years. On the basis of evaluation their week-long diet, questionnaires with their parents and with them and manoeuver a conversation will be to find out whether children observe all principle of recommended eating regimens. In the theoretic part of the thesis are use opinions of experts who are occupying with cystic fibrosis exhaustively. Their experience show how is important to choose right diet and observe correct eating principles and eating regimens. These opinions are use in the practical part. Conclusions from discussion can be used for practical work nutritive therapists who can meet with children with cystic fibrosis.
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Diets for food allergies
DOBRUSKÁ, Klára
I have chosen topic Diet with Food Allergy as a topic of my bachelor thesis. This illness is quite common these days. It affect infants mostly but allergy of cow´s milk protein of children under three years disappears itself mostly. There is increasing amount of causes when patient suffers more allergies. Number of people who have the most serious reaction the anaphylactic shock, icreeases. It can end with death. Doctors recommend to patients to strictly follow the elimination diet which is basic treatment of this illness. The most accurate diagnosis of illness (immunological or not) is another important factor for effective treatment. I have chosen three aims for this bachelor thesis. First to find out if patients are informed about their illness. Second to map eating habbits of people with food allergy. Third the evaluation of correctness of daily menus. I used approach of guality research. Research group consisted of six respondents with different food allergy. Those respondents wrote down their weeks menus. Menus were evaluated with program Nutriservis and it was assessed if it follows recommended dietary value. Suitable intake of energy and essential nutrients was calculated for every respondent. It was evaluated if respondents follows priciples of rational diet and if their diet contains sufficient amount of minerals and vitamins. Questionnaires were another key point of this research. Questionnaires were about illness know-how of patients and who has instructed them about it. It was found out the patients hasn´t got enough information about their illness and half of them has no idea which essential nutrients, minerals and vitamins could lack in their diet. It resulted from menus simultaneously that five of six respondents do not follow principles of rational diet and eat very monotonously. Only one respondent follows strictly elimination diet others violate diet exceptionally. Respondets would appreciate other research would focus on creation of special centres and training of doctors and nutritional therapist who would be focused on food allergies. Spreading the information about illness not only to patients but to public also is really important. Another important point is to increase amount of books about food allergies at the market.
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The Pikler Early Childhood Education
Noack, Dana ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
Title: The Pikler Early Childhood Education Author: Dana Noack Department: Katedra psychologie, FF UK Supervisor: Prof. PhDr. Lenka Šulová, CSc. Abstract: The intention of this study was to explore how the parents who are familiar with the Piklerian principles use these in upbringing their children in the family in the period of early childhood. The theoretical part describes the process of socialization (with the emphasis on the preconditions for the early interaction both on the child's and the parent's side) as well as the topic of upbringing in the family (basic models and the relation of upbringing to the socio-cultural and the historical context) and the most important aspects of the child development in the first three years. The last chapter of the theoretical part introduces the Hungarian pediatrician Emmi Pikler, the basic pediatrist Emmi Pikler, the basic premises of her approach and it's principles related to the issue of the motor development, care and play. The empirical part presents the results of the qualitative content analysis of data gathered by a questionnaire. These data provide us with a basic picture of how the concrete parents use the Piklerian principles in upbringing their children.
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