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Women's awareness of congenital defects
WACKERSHAUSEROVÁ, Marie
WACKERSHAUSEROVÁ M. 2015: Women's awareness of congenital defects. Bachelor thesis. Faculty of Education, South Bohemian University. České Budějovice. 49 pages. The bachelor thesis deals with women's awareness of congenital defects in the Pelhřimov region; it also focuses on the examinations imposed during pregnancy and the prevention of congenital defects. The thesis consists of the theoretical and practical part, which was obtained through survey. The research was conducted through a questionnaire survey that consisted of twenty questions. The questionnaire was completed by eighty-five respondents, of whom 61% said they knew what a developmental abnormality was. The best known defects, according to the respondents, include: Down's syndrome, cleft palate, congenital heart defects, and spina bifida. During pregnancy, expectant mothers frequently undergo an ultrasound examination and blood sampling; some of them undergo even more demanding tests, however to a small extent.
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The opinions of pregnant women of current possibilities of prenatal diagnosis.
DYKOVÁ, Iva
This bachelor thesis deals with the view of pregnant women on prenatal diagnosis. Prenatal screening includes many tests, where the aim is the versatile safety of pregnant women.The theoretical part of the bachelor thesis focuses on the pregnancy period which for most women is the most beautiful period during which the fetus develops in her organism.The purpose of prenatal care is primarily the consistent prevention of any possible pathological situations and timely capture of deviations from the normal course of gestation, with ensuring all available diagnostic and therapeutic measures. The goal of the prenatal diagnosis of congenital developmental defects is to detect congenital developmental defects as soon as possible and to help further approach strategy to pregnant women.Prenatal diagnosis is nowadays an integral part of prenatal care. It is subject to great demands in terms of safety and accuracy.The ethical viewpoint of prenatal diagnosis is just as important as technology by which testing and invasive performance tests are carried out. Prenatal genetic diagnosis has several important ethical issues. An important ethical procedure is proper information and consent of the pregnant woman to the testing, the interpretation of results, maintenance of privacy, medical confidentiality, the impossibility of abusing identified results, availability of further examinations and follow-up treatment at the highest level. The termination of gravidity in the event of statuses incompatible with life, or with permanent damage of the fetus, may be carried out solely at the request of the pregnant woman. The fundamental ethical issue is whether the fetus is regarded as an individual human being. Another dilemma resulting from this is whether a woman can take a decision for herself and the fetus, or whether the fetus is already a human being with its own rights.Furthermore, the theoretical work is devoted to the role of midwives in prenatal care. When providing care for pregnant women in the Czech Republic, the most commonly applied system is the close cooperation of the midwife with the physician. An integral part of the work of a midwife is the identification of anamnestic data by the nursing process method relating to pregnant women in the somatic, psychological, social, and also in the spiritual area. The objective of the bachelor thesis was to find out how pregnant women perceive testing carried out during pregnancy and how they experience situations where the invasive testing of congenital developmental defects of the fetus was recommended to them. The qualitative investigation using the interview method was used for the research investigation. An in-depth structured interview was selected for the data collection technique. The research group was composed of five pregnant women who had a positive screening to congenital developmental defects in I. or II. trimester and had to decide whether to undergo or not invasive testing to detect congenital developmental defects of the fetus. The research results have shown that women consider pregnancy screening tests as a compulsory part of the care for pregnant women. Women perceive non-invasive testing as safe and beneficial for both the fetus and the woman herself. Invasive testing is perceived by most of the women as beneficial despite all risks. During interviews we also met a woman who wouldn't accept any risks and therefore refused invasive testing. Despite the fact that every woman has the right to refuse such testing, this respondent noted how inappropriately most of the doctors and midwives were behaving towards her afterwards. The results also showed that women to whom invasive testing had been recommended experienced fear for the child and future pregnancy. According to the respondents, information in prenatal counselling proved to be clearly insufficient.
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Neds of women with gestational diabetes mellitus
MALÁTOVÁ, Gabriela
The thesis is focused on the needs of women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. The survey was carried out in the hospital, in Ceske Budejovice, in the department of risk pregnancies and in the gynecological surgery of Dr. Výborné in Ceske Budejovice. The research method was qualitative. It was conducted in the form of interviews with women who attended the department of risk pregnancies and who have been diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and also in the gynecological surgery.The information was then processed into short case studies. The thesis had three goals. The first objective was to determine what are the needs of women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. The second objective was to determine how women, who have been diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes, follow and comply with the prescribed diets. The third objective was to determine what information is known to the women who have been diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Based on these findings, 3 research questions have been specified. The first research question was concerned with the needs of pregnant women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. The second research question was concerned with the appropriate food for women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. The third research question was concerned with the awareness of women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. One of the objectives was to find out what are the needs of women with Gestational Diabetes. All three women responded that there was a great need for good nutrition. The need for sleep, was for all the women about the same, they sleep up to 8-9 hours per day. The need for movement is very important for Mrs. Jane, Mrs. Petra avoids extensive physical excercise due to an adverse gynecological finding and Mrs. Ivana prefers family walks in the nature. Another objective was to find out how Mrs. Jana, Mrs. Petra and Mrs. Ivana follow and keep to the dietary regime. Answer to the question of how they have changed their eating habits, Mrs. Petra said , that she has had a problem with limiting sugars, but after a few days she got used to it and she drinks mostly water and unsweetened tea. Mrs. Jana had no problem with it, she has small children and she cooks light meals for them and she eats with them. She didn't have to alter her eating habits too much, she only left out some types of fruits. Mrs. Ivana had no problem in changing the diet, as even before she was diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes, she ate lots of vegetables and poultry meat and very rarely ate sweet things.The third objective, which was to determine how informed are the women with regards to the Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, has been fulfilled. When asked, what and when do they receive most most information, all three women agreed. In the first instance Mrs. Jana received the information from her doctor in the surgery and after that from the midwife. Mrs. Petra was first given information by the doctor in gynecological surgery and at the same time by the midwife and immediately after that she had been transferred to the Diabetologist, where she went for a monthly check up. The Diabetologists gave Mrs. Petra information about the appropriate food and distribution of the food during the day. Mrs. Ivana got her first information and practical advice from her doctor in the gynecological surgery, then she was transferred to the care of the Diabetologist, where she was given, appart from the information, also leaflets about suitable food composition and appropriate diet during her treatment of diabetes.
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Women after Maternity and Parental Leave on the Labour Market in the Czech Republic
Pištěková, Karolína ; Kaczor, Pavel (advisor) ; Sedláková, Jaroslava (referee)
This work provides a coprehensive perspective on the status of women after maternity and paternal leave on the labour market in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part deals with the defining the terms relating to the understanding of issues such as labour market and its regularities, defines maternity and paternal leave, including comparison with selected countries of European union. The second part includes original investigation by a moderated conversation with target group on the basis of which they are formulated own conclusions and recommendations. The conclusion contains a summary of findings including proposal to increase the employability of women after maternity and paternal leave.
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Knowledge of the general public in the field of reproductive health
ZEMANOVÁ, Lenka
I have chosen the topic ?Knowledge of non-professional public in the field of reproductive health? for my bachelor thesis because I am thoroughly interested in this field, and that I find it an increasingly topical question. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with anatomy of reproductive organs, infertility issues, irregularities and pathologies in pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases, inflammatory gynaecologic diseases and other negative influences on reproductive health. The remaining part of the theory is represented by prevention in the field of reproductive health and the role of midwives in this field. Nursing care in this field deals in particular with education, and for this reason, the midwife - educator is also mentioned here. The objective of this bachelor thesis is to find out what level of knowledge the non-professional public have in the field of reproductive health and, further, whether the non-professional public are interested in extending their knowledge in this field. The further, partial objectives were to compare the knowledge between women and men, as well as to find out whether people look after their reproductive health. To compile the practical part of the bachelor thesis I used the method of the quantitative research. The collection of data was conducted by means of questionnaires. The questionnaire was anonymous and consisted of 25 questions, which were closed, semi-closed and open. The research set for the quantitative research was made up of the non-professional public. They were women and men from the Region of South Bohemia in the age category of 18 ? 60 years, with a various level of education. The total set consisted of 95 (100 per cent) respondents. The result of the quantitative research has shown that the knowledge of the non-professional public in the field of reproductive health can be considered satisfactory. The comparison of knowledge in women and men has proved a slightly better knowledge in women. We have further found out that the non-professional public are interested in extending their knowledge in this field. Despite the fact that people possess knowledge in the field of reproductive health, as has been proved by this research, they do not behave in accordance with their knowledge. A number of individuals do not look after their health. Looking for instruments to motivate people to take better care of their health would exceed the scope of this thesis, and thus it remains for further researchers.
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Transformations of women?s legal capacity in European countries in the second half of twentieth century.
NOVOTNÁ, Kateřina
The subject of this bachelor thesis, ?Transformations of women?s legal capacity in European countries in the second half of twentieth century?, is induced abortion in European countries in the second half of twentieth century. The objective is to observe the continuous modifications of the forms of induced abortion during the given period. In the first section, basic attitudes towards the unwanted pregnancy and its induced interruption, its transformation since antiquity to the modern period, and Pro-Life together with Pro-Choice groups are stressed. Furthermore, 'abortion tourism' as well as the abortion committee operating in the area of Czechoslovakia are discussed. The second section of the thesis describes the detailed characteristics of resolving pregnancy interruption issues in the Czech Republic, Germany, Poland, and Great Britain in the second half of the twentieth century. These continuous transformations are finally summarized in terms of other European countries.
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Effect of pregnancy on the stability of women
Havlíčková, Edita ; Flemrová, Miroslava (referee) ; Prajerová, Květa (advisor)
Title: Effect of pregnancy on the stability of women Aim of work: This work aims to verify the influence of increasing body weight and abdominal circumference of women in the third trimester of pregnancy, changes in gait, the step length and width, reaction time and deviation of gravity. I also wanted to map the most common problems that women in this period of pregnancy is accompanied. Methodology: On the sample of thirty pregnant women who participated in the exercising were demonstrated changes in stability, walking, and speed of response and deviation of gravity. Interview have been mapped using the most common problems the women have during pregnancy. It was used to assess the balance-master device and other commonly used diagnostic methods. Results: Hypotheses could not be objectively confirmed because of any other comparable studies. It managed to prevent the development of pregnancy problems. Keywords: pregnancy, physical activity, stability, changes during pregnancy, problems during pregnancy - 13 -
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Issues of quality of pork meat and boar smell
NOVÁKOVÁ, Aneta
This diploma work is focused on the processing of information concerning meat quality and boar taint. The use of boar meat is in recent years a very common theme in the area of animal welfare. In addition to traditional castration of pigs, for piglets which is physically and mentally exhausting, are now new alternatives previous occurrence of boar taint. In the first part of this work there are listed aspects of breeding pigs and boars, boar taint problems and ways to eliminate objectionable taint. Using selected methods of sensory analysis were assessed for weight samples graded boar meat. The aim was to determine the acceptability of boar taint threshold for the consumer . For the purposes of veterinary inspection in slaughterhouses in the Czech republic uses boil test to identify boar taint. In the practical part was used boil test, when evaluated in some samples found unpleasant taint. Women were more sensitive to the taint of the meat than men, wichic is caused by steroid hormones. In further tests of sensory consumer panel evaluations submitted samples according to their preferences from best to worst and then in pairs test described the intensity differences between samples. The test results were processed according to the methodology and standard of ČSN. Between samples of boar meat were found statistically significant differences at a confidence level of 95%.
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Relationship of breastfeeding and the incidence of breast CA
HALUZOVÁ, Jaroslava
The object of this study was to find out, what the by breast cancer affected women know about the protective effect of the breast-feeding, how long they were breast-feeding and whether they know the risk factors of the forming of this sickness. The further object was to find out which knowledge the puerperas have about the protective effect of the breast-feeding, how long they plan to breast-feed and when, from who and which information they obtain about the breast-feeding. On the basis of dialogues was found out that the women with breast cancer know very little about the protective effect of the breast-feeding. Most of them never obtained information from anybody, only some of them heard or read about the protective effect of the breast-feeding. The relationship between the breast-feeding and cancer occurrence was approved, as only one of the women breast fed for more than a year. There is a minimal knowledge of women about the risk factors. Generally, they showed three risk factors which means that the knowledge is deficient and that the education in field of precaution is necessary. In the second part of the research it was found out that the education about breast-feeding is insufficient in the maternity hospital. The hospital nurses provide information about the breast-feeding technique and the care about breasts only. The women obtained information about the protective effect of the breast-feeding at the antenatal courses, some of them from web sites or print media. The puerperas plan to breast-feed for 11.5 months on an average which shows a very positive attitude to the breast-feeding of the children.
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