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The position of women in the labour market.
Moskalová, Natalija ; Světlíková, Daniela (advisor) ; Klára, Klára (referee)
The thesis deals with the position of women in the labour market, describes the most obstacles women encounter in the labour market and offers possible solutions. The main objective of the thesis is to analyse the position of the women in the labour market, to define each notion related to discrimination, to recognize the factors that influence it and to find out the differences in remuneration of men and women. Further on, the thesis would like to approach the question if women are still more discriminated on the ground of the sex or whether the society manages to eliminate the discrimination of women thanks to the measures adopted.
The thesis is divided into three parts. In the theoretical part of the thesis the legislative adaptation is being introduced, and it presents the effort of the state to eliminate the unequal approach towards women. The thesis analyzes the existing legal regulations of the discrimination law abroad as well as in Czech legislation. Some of the basic concepts linked to the given topic are explained, e.g. equality, positive measures and equal treatment. Another section of the theoretical part deals with discrimination, its forms and variations, discrimination on the reasons of sex and the ways of how to protect oneself from discrimination. In the theoretical part the method of analysis of information sources is used based on research literature. In the practical part of the thesis two ways of questioning are used. The first research method is a structured questionnaire in a form of a standard written questionnaire. A selected group of people is questioned to say their opinion on the given issue. The second investigation is done in a maneuvered interview with the respondents of the first questioning form, based on the prepared set of questions. The last part of the thesis elaborates the results of the research and draws the conclusions from these. Each question has a graph showing the results of the analysis followed by an exact description and explanation. The conclusion of the thesis provides a compact resume of the forms of protection which the discriminated person can use to avoid discrimination or for defense.
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The role of public administration in the field of public health protection
Lepičová, Anhelina ; Pikola, Pavel (advisor) ; Jaromír, Jaromír (referee)
Masters thesis deals with an issue of public authorities which protect and support public health using their competences. It identifies selected public authorities in the theoretical part and also it explores their jurisdiction. Mentioned authorities are administrated by the different ministries. Thats why there is a focus on practical activities of these authorities. Particularly, there is the focus on the overlapping in their ordinary, preventive and repressive competences. On the other side, attention is also paid to cooperation between the public authorities and its importance. Practical part of the thesis is aimed on some competences imperfections between the authorities, especially in the field of the public catering. There is the main Czech public law in the centre of attention which covers public food safety. Problems with practical application of this law, especially the problems with application of its amendments, are shown on the several practical examples. At the end, the thesis mentioned advantages and disadvantages which provides the amendments for the owners of the food companies and their customers.
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Protection of personality in the legal system of the Czech republic
Houdek, Miroslav ; Uhlík, Milan (advisor) ; Pavla, Pavla (referee)
The thesis deals with the protection of personality in the legal system of the Czech Republic. Its aim is to specify the possible ways protection of personality in the legal system of the Czech Republic with using of appropriate methods; and also to determine the number of reported and the Czech Police investigated cases including their treatment and in case of deficiencies in the legislation, organization and management are found, to propose measures to eliminate them. The theoretical part contains international and national legislation regulating protection of personality in the legal system of the Czech Republic. In the practical part there is an evaluation of legislation at first, followed by proposed measures to eliminate deficiencies in the field protection of personality. This is followed by analysis of wiretapping and recording of telecommunication operations and analysis of statistical data of selected cases undertaken by the CZ Police. At the end of the empirical part there is performed a quantitative research by using a questionnaire that is intended to members of police and citizens. The resulting values are analyzed, evaluated and translated into charts and graphs. In conclusion there is a proposed change in the law in the sense of de lege ferenda.
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Procedural aspects of civil procedure
Ledašilová, Kateřina ; Civínová, Denisa (advisor) ; Klára, Klára (referee)
The main theme of this thesis is the issue of the procedural acts of judicial proceedings (focused mainly on aspects of delays), in the code of civil procedure as part of the legal order of the Czech Republic.
The theoretical part defines the procedural aspects of civil procedure. The main focus is on the delay of court proceedings on the part of the participant and subsequently the defence against delays in the proceedings caused by the court. The thesis contains the statutory documents of the legal order of the Czech Republic. The essential part of the theoretical thesis is the rights for the protection of citizens' rights, which are embedded in the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms and in the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Freedoms. In this section main sources of information were the Code of Civil Procedure, the Civil Code, the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms and other laws that are closely related.
The practical part of this thesis is focused on the issue of the frequency of court proceedings in the divorce rate and, consequently, on the amount of agenda of the court, statistically maintained by the executor of the judicial process, in this case by the District Court of Kolín (i.e.court of first instance). Statistics of divorces involve the years 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015. There are even specific cases from judicial practice.
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The protection of personality and CCTV systems.
Orság, Oldřich ; Cvik, Eva Daniela (advisor) ; Jan, Jan (referee)
This thesis is dedicated to the protection of personal details in the Czech Republic because it permeates the entire legal order and infringing on privacy is a fundamental right in the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms. The aim is to analyze the development and current state of protection of personality and the right to confront with the city camera supervision system indulging city police in the Carlsbad region. In the Czech Republic there is a collision of two components of fundamental rights and freedoms, the right to privacy and the right to safe living in society. Clash of these two components law is being compared under different regulations. The work is based on the decomposition of laws in force in the Czech Republic and subsequent research by municipal police Karlovy Vary region.
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Analysis of tourism in Bečov nad Teplou and its proposal for environmentally sound development
Riedlová, Denisa ; Skalický, Milan (advisor) ; Martinková, Jaroslava (referee)
This thesis deals with the information about one part in Karlovy Vary region. Thesis will describe history of the town Bečov nad Teplou, geography of this town and its natural phenomena. It will contain a characteristic of historical, cultural and nature heritage. Also there will be information about the environment, transport, employment opportunities, tourism and city development. It will be created a SWOT analysis and strategy of development in this rural town from the data. The main goal of this thesis is the creating a document which will be used as a strategic material in the creating and development of tourism in Bečov nad Teplou and of course connections with the nature protection. Current town Bečov is strongly committed to building a new, attractive "image", and its goal is to increase tourism. However, with this main goal must correspond a nature protection. This very important point of nature protecting is often in connection with these objectives forgotten.
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Analysis of Organizational Arrangement of Environmental Protection
Lípa, Jan ; Hájek, Miroslav (advisor) ; Hrib, Michal (referee)
The paper deals with the current form of organizational arrangement of environmental protection in the City of Prague at the level of districts, administrative wards and municipality. It assesses the effectiveness of organizational arrangement and shows disunity of organizational structure. Describes the process of decision making. The paper finds unsatisfactory state, which, however, no one has addressed so far. It analyzes possible solutions and presents options of optimal solution and approach consisting in a reduction of municipalities themselves within the reform of public administration, or in a transfer of execution of public administration to a higher level -- i.e. the administrative ward. It also deals with a number of other related issues, such as administrative workload of staff members and proposes, among other things, to desist from not necessary activities. The text does not assess directly the actual economic effectiveness of the work, for which much more data would be required.
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Effect of climatic and environmental variables on changes in numbers and migratory behaviour of wintering and migrating waterbirds.
Adam, Matyáš ; Musil, Petr (advisor) ; Bejček, Vladimír (referee)
Waterbirds with their specific habitat and food requirements varying during their annual cycle (Riffell et al. 2003; Taft and Haig 2006) are able to indicate the wetland diversity and quality due to their rapid responses on changes in environment (Delany 1999; Fernández et al. 2005; Amat and Green 2010). Remarkable land cover changes and climate warming led to significant shifts in distribution and abundance of many waterbird species across Europe in recent decades (Delany et al. 2006; Fox et al. 2010; Lehikoinen et al. 2013; Pavón-Jordán et al. 2015). To understand the dynamic of migratory birds in space and time and to assess effects of global conditions as well as local conditions of individual sites during their annual cycle there is need of international monitoring and research. Since the start of International Waterbird Census in 1967 both increasing and decreasing trends have been recorded in nearly fifty percent of waterbird species in Western Palearctic (Delany et al. 2006, Wetlands International 2016) and they consequently have affected trends in particular countries, including the Czech Republic. Wetland sites in the Czech Republic are generally situated on the edge of wintering range of most waterbird species (Gilissen et al. 2002), however the prevailing increase in abundance of waterbird species has been recorded here in recent decades (Musil et al. 2011). Though, the considerable growth of winter temperatures has not been noticed in the Czech Republic (Klein Tank et al. 2002; Musilová et al. 2009; Dušek et al. 2013), and the accessibility of the wetland sites, due to their freezing, varies year to year. Hence, we can assume that waterbirds have likely began using the alternative habitats with available food resources, i.e. cold-weather refuges, probably regardless of their conservation status (Musilová et al. 2015). Special protection areas were implemented to Czech legislation in 2004 to protect migratory birds (Birds Directive 2009/147/EC). So far there has not been tested the effectivity and impact of legislative protection on wintering waterbird species. Moreover, some previous studies indicated that SPA network do not match the species distribution pattern (López-López et al. 2007; Briggs et al. 2012; Albuquerque et al. 2013), so this issue urgently calls for scientific research.
The second part of the thesis focused on Greylag Geese, whose abundance has rapidly grown across the Europe in recent decades (Madsen et al. 1999; Fox et al. 2010), and that have become ideal model species to observe their responses to habitats and climate changes as well as their reactions to human disturbance (Fox and Madsen 1997; Ramo et al. 2015). This requires appropriate knowledge of geese distribution, abundance and their behaviour. Since 1930s, when the geese started to be ringed in the Czech Republic, the ringing intensity have markedly varied and have been reflected in numbers of recoveries. In last ten years the intensity have increased (Podhrazský 2010). However, complex of the historical data until 2002 (Cepák et al. 2008) and recent data have not been analysed so far. In the light of recent shifts in wintering ranges and migration phenology of many goose populations these analyses require increased attention. Furthermore, the satellite monitoring of geese is coming to detect more detailed information about behaviour of individuals.
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Establishment of corn crop stands by soil protection technology on land fealds withs slightly soil erosion condition
Herout, Marcel ; Pulkrábek, Josef (advisor)
The work is based on the needs of farmers who grow corn for cattle feed and biogas plant. For many farms corn is a strategic crop. But i tis also an erosion crop and therefore it is necessary to pay attention the erosion. The experiment is set in terms of ZD Krasna Hora nad Vltavou. The firm manages on mildly and severely threatened soil by erosion and there comes a potential problem with water soil erosion too. It is tested 3 soil conservation technologies with different spreads rows and different crop density. It is monitored the effectiveness of various anti-erosion technologies, stand density and row spacing. Measurement is managed by Research Institute of Soil and Water Conservation. The yield of individual parcels was evaluated. The biomass yield and grain were determined.
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