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The effect of cadmium on oxidative stress in plants
Zemanová, Veronika ; Pavlíková, Daniela (advisor) ; Tomáš, Tomáš (referee)
The two ecotypes of Noccaea caerulescens originating from two differently contaminated sites (Redlschlag, Austria; Ganges, France), N. praecox (Mežica, Slovenia), Arabidopsis halleri and Spinacia oleracea were studied to compare Cd accumulation and tolerance. After 30, 60, 90 and 120 days of cultivation in Cd contaminated soil (30, 60 and 90 mg Cd/kg soil) for hyperaccumulators and 25, 40, 55 and 75 days of cultivation in Cd contaminated soil (30, 60 and 90 mg Cd/kg soil) for spinach gas-exchange parameters (net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration), fatty acids, macro- and microelements were determined as well as N utilization by plants. Noccaea species and A. halleri showed similar changes in yield of biomass, Cd content and total content of amino acids. These species confirmed differences in the profile and contents of individual free amino acids. The comparison between Noccaea species showed that Cd stress resulted in similar changes of gas-exchange parameters. Contrasting responses of plants to Cd contamination were confirmed in macro- and microelements contents, fatty acids and amino acids metabolism. Spinach showed contrasting response to cadmium compared to hyperaccumulators, especially in profile of free amino acids and fatty acids.
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Application of mathematical models for simulation of hydrological conditions in selected streams
Kurková, Marie ; Vašků, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Michal, Michal (referee)
Flood is a natural phenomenon that occurs at different intensities and irregular time intervals. As to natural disasters, floods represent the greatest direct threat for the Czech Republic. They may cause serious critical situations during which not only extensive material damages are done, but may bring also losses of the lives of inhabitants in affected areas as well as vast devastation of cultural landscape including environmental damages. Important from the viewpoint of the elimination of potential threats and consequences of such events is the information issued by flood forecasting service about the character and size of flood areas for individual N-year flood discharges and specific flood scenarios. An adequate image of depths and flow rates in the longitudinal or cross profile of the watercourse during a flood event is provided by the hydrodynamic model. This is why the information obtained from the hydrodynamic models occupies a privileged position from the viewpoint of the protection of citizens' lives and mitigation of damage to their property. The first study is situated on the river Úhlava in meadows by Příchovice near the town Přeštice. The proposal of flood-protection measures is contained in Territorial control documentation. The documentation was elaborated on the basis of hydraulic calculations and experiences from the flood in August 2002. The mathematical model is practically used in the study of analysis of proposed flood-protection measures. The analysis is based on mathematical simulation of water outflow and water level on the river Úhlava. It is possible to use the non-commercial software Hec-Ras, version 3.1.1., for the simulation itself. One of the points of view of the possibility of using proposed flood-protection measures is total efficiency. The mathematical model is posssible to use as a basis of support for realization of proposed flood-protection measures on the river Úhlava in meadows by Příchovice within the grant programme "Program prevence před povodněmi II" under the control of the Ministry of Agriculture. In the second case the mathematical model is practically used in the study of hydrotechnical analysis of streams in cadastral unit. The analysis is based on matjematical simulation of water outflow and water level on chosen streams. It is possible to use the noncomercial software HEC-RAS for the own simulation. The analysis should be shown on dangerous places in the interest place. The mathematical model is possible of using to use as basis for revaluation of action in spatial plan or for view of the flood-protection measures in the village Mochtín. Basic input into the hydrodynamic models is represented by altimetry data. One of ways to obtain such data is through the method of aerial laser scanning (ALS) from the digital relief model (DRM). This method is considered one of the most accurate methods for obtaining altimetry data. Its bottleneck is however incapacity of recording terrain geometry under water surface due to the fact that laser beam is absorbed by water mass. The absence of geometric data on watercourse discharge area may perceptibly affect results of modelling, especially if a missing part of the channel represents a significant discharge area with its capacity. One of methods for eliminating the deficiency is a sufficient channel recess by means of software tools such as CroSolver. The third submitted paper deals with the construction of a hydrodynamic model using 5th generation DRM data, and compares outputs from this model at various discharges with a model based on the altimetry data modified by using the CroSolver tool. Outputs from the two hydrodynamic models are compared in HEC-RAS programme with the use of recessed data and with the use of unmodified DRM. The comparison is done on the sections of two watercourses with different terrain morphology and watercourse size. A complementary output is the comparison of inundation areas issuing from both model variants. Our results indicate that differences in the outputs are significant namely in the lower discharges (Q1, Q5) whereas for Q50 and Q100 the difference is negligible with a great role being played by morphology of the modelled area and by the watercourse size.
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Motivation as a tool of performance management
Korbel, Petr ; Kříž, Josef (advisor) ; Hana, Hana (referee)
The thesis Motivation as a tool for performance management describes motivation of employees in company Strojmetal Aluminium Forging. It furhter analyzes human resources management in the Company and its impact on performance of its employees.
The aim of the study is to evaluate current motivation process within the Company and to propose new tools for improvement of performance management of its employees. The target group of this study are technical and economical employees of the Company.
The theoretical part of the study defines basic terms such as motivation, performance of employees, and tools for performance management, reflecting a variety of modern approaches within this area.
The practical part of the study focuses on current performance management of the Company and uses theoretical assumptions to evaluate the current performance management and to predict development of the performance management in a timeline of two years.
The underlying data for the study were gathered from internal sources and from controlled interview with the head of the pesonnel department of the Company.
Subsequently, using a questionnaire survey, performance of employees and tools for performance management of the Company were assessed and evaluated. The research was conducted at the end of year 2015.
Based on the evaluation of the results of the study, their comparison with the benchmarks and with the predicted motivational factors in a timeline of two years, recommendations for achieving greater effectiveness of the current motivation process and its sustainability were suggested.
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Comparison of selected european underground
Mikoláš, Dominik ; Homolka, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Šeráková, Petra (referee)
The theoretical part of bachelor thesis deals with the interpretation of technical terms about underground and with the historical development of European underground. Nine selected representative underground is described in the next part more detailed. Special attention has the Prague underground.
In the practical part there is a comparison of nine underground according to fare, length, occupancy and pace of development. The last part of the practical part deals with comparison of the Prague metro in terms of construction, costs in recent years and also with aspect of time. All comparisons are made in the form of analysis, comparison and synthesis by using data from official sites of individual transport companies operating undergrounds.
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Analysis of unemployment within the scope of an employment office and a retraining course proposal for a selected category of the unemployed
Tománková, Petra ; Slavík, Milan (advisor) ; Lenka, Lenka (referee)
This bachelor´s thesis entitled Analysis of unemployment within the scope of competence of the local Labour Office, and project of a reskilling course for selected category of the unemployed is focused on the analysis of unemployment in terms of comparing the development of unemployment in the Klatovy area from 2010 to 2014 with the levels of unemployment in the Pilsen Region and the Czech Republic. As a partial objective of the paper, the author seeks to draft a reskilling course called Professional Nanny, which is primarily designed for women or even men who complete their parental leave and are registered at a local Labour Office in the CR. Exploration methods applied included comparative analysis of the indicators examined, drawn from publicly available sources, questioning survey by means of a standardized questionnaire involving job seekers and job applicants, and controlled interviews conducted with actual attendants of the reskilling course. Comparison of the different developments of unemployment lead to the finding that at the beginning of the reference period, the economic crisis, due to which the unemployment had increased, was slowly fading away. Over the subsequent years, there has been a reduction in unemployment, which resulted in the predicted positive outlook.
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Comparison of student bank accounts in the CR
Kuklišová, Michaela ; Steininger, Michal (advisor) ; Ondřej, Ondřej (referee)
This work is focused on student bank accounts which are determinate for students
of secondary schools and universities. The theoretical part focuses on the history of money and the bank system in the Czech Republic, followed by information about Czech National bank, past and present, commercial banks, their specifications, history and interesting facts. The following are specified account services, such as account and student account.
In the practical part was used a questionnaire established criteria that have an impact
on the selection of banking product, which banks are the most frequent, student satisfaction with the bank or the purpose of having a student account. In another part of practical research there are specifications and comparison of the student bank account and compared to each other. To select the most suitable student account was considered a model student, who was identified on the basis of the questionnaire. From final comparison of student accounts are generated two best student accounts, account Fresh from Česká spořitelna and account G2.2 from Komerční banka. The final choice depends on the specific preferences of the client.
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Growth performance of common-sized planting stock and saplings after plantation on forest sites
Kaiser, Josef ; Kuneš, Ivan (advisor) ; Tužinský, Marek (referee)
The clear-cut area which is afforested in the Czech Republic is around 20 th. hectares large annually. In the last decades, we have observed frequent periods of the spring and late summer drought, which significantly negatively influence survival of the reglarly used transplants (RUT) however. Thus, it is necessary to search methods, which can decrease such losses. One possiblity how to solve this problém is to used containered transplants, the second one is the use of the plant material (PM) of bigger size (semi-large-sized=SLSPS and large-sized planted stock=LSPS). These larger plants are more resistant to unsuitable influences of environment than the RUT. The advantage of SLSPS and LSPS is also shorter time of necessary care to plants and lower costs to secure plants in comparison to RUT. Above mentioned facts were taken into consideration in creation of instructions for my bachelor thesis. The goal was to estimate the parameters of mortality and growth of selected various PM, moreover on sites heavily influenced by human activities. As model trees were selected: oak (Quercus robur) and lime (Tilia cordata). PM was generally bare-rooted (RUT, SLSPS and LSPS) and planting was done by mechanize equipment (into bored holes) at study sites Truba (Kostelec nad Černými lesy) and Hůrka (Planá nad Lužnicí). The first part of experiment was established at Truba on area of former forest nursery and cosisted of lime RUT and LSPS, the second one was established at site Hůrka in area of former sand querry, where RUT, and oak and lime SLSPS and LSPS were used. No one site was moved during experiments. The measurement on Truba was repeated on spring and on autumn 2012-15 and in 2015 on Hůrka. The height of PM was evaluated by using scale lath, the thickness of stem was measured above ground by using digital scale. Subsequently, data were evaluated in Excel and statistically tested by Kruskal-Wallis test. The results indicate, that mortality of RUT at Truba is 5 times larger than that of LSPS. The similar result was obtained also at Hůrka, the mortality of lime RUT was twice larger than in case of LSPS however. The lowest mortality was observed surprisely on SLSPS. The comparison of the oak RUT and LSPS indicated no any differences in mortality. The mortality of oak PM was generally significantly lover than lime PM one. Statistical tests also indicated, that the size of study sets of PM was too low for optimal scientific evaluation of selected parameters. The obtained results also indicate, that important factor, which influences mortality must be (apart from type of the PM) also additional, non-defined factors of environment up to now.
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Financial Analysis of chosen Company
Schmiedová, Renata ; Slaboch, Josef (advisor) ; Malý, Michal (referee)
The submitted bachelor's work with the topic Financial Analysis of the Chosen Company deals with the ananlysis of financial health of DACHDECKER spol. s r.o. during the period of 2011 to 2014 with the aim to evaluate the course of financial analysis indicators and to submit the suggestion that can lead to present condition improving.
The work is divided into two crucial parts. The theoretical part is an introduction to the base that can be used for financial analysis treatment, with various types of financial analysis attitudes, with methods that can be applied, and, last but not least as well as with the users who could be interested in the results of anylysis carried out.
In practical part, the accounting data have been analysed via absolute indicators methods using the horizontal and vertical analysis. A substantial part are the results
of aliquot indicators of rentability, activity, liquidity and indebtedness, including
its interpretation. A calculation of a bankruptcy model is a part of this work as well.
In the course of practical part, the chosen indicators are applied to a competitive firm
that is doing business in the same branch as DACHDECKER spol. s r.o., so that a branch comparison could be carried out and thus the information ability of the data could be more precise.
In the conclusion, attention is paid to evaluating the gained results, assessing
the possible causes of present condition and putting forward a recommendation in future.
Financial analysis was applied to accounting data in the period of 2011 to 2014.
A considerable takings decline in 2012 can be seen in the analysis carried out. This decline did not get deeper in the following years , which is a positive fact. However, the situation with the takings development was considerably reflected in the total results of the economic activities, and the firm´s ability to appraise the invested capital was radically limited. Moreover, in 2013 the firm suffered a loss. Because a comparison was done with a competitive firm, it can be stated that other firms of the same branch suffered
a considerable decline in 2013 as well. Should we view the firm DACHDECKER
spol. s r. o. from the point of ability to keep its liability then this firm can be considered
to be financially healthy and credible.
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Comparison of fertility and yield of Suffolk sheeps in the Czech Republic with some foreign Suffolk sheeps managements
Černá, Michaela ; Kracíková, Olga (advisor) ; Valníčková, Barbora (referee)
Suffolk breed is the English hornless breed which belongs to the breed of meat yield. Typical features are excellent maternal qualities, good milkiness of ewes and fertility, less fertile period (lambing mostly in winter and spring) and good adaptability to different climatic conditions and breeding conditions. The breed is characterized by a black outer coat on the face of the head and lower part of legs, wool is short, white, semi-fine.
Suffolk breed is characterized by high fertility throughout the production period ewes. Season, age, interval among lambing, body weight and body conditions score, nutrition, genetics, breeding and heat stress belong to the factors affecting fertility. When we compare fertility sheep breed Suffolk in the Czech Republic and Slovakia we achieved a higher number of ewes, improved fertility and fertilization. On the contrary, Slovakia has achieved better results in fertility at lambing ewe. It was also achieved in Canada in comparison with our republic.
It is a major prerequisite of the production of heavy great muscled slaughter lambs with very good quality meat at meat production. Meat production is influenced by hormones, nutrition, gender, influence year and month of lambing, ewes age, litter size on the dependent variable. The values are not very different when meat production in Suffolk breed is evaluated in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. In spite of it, the Czech Republic achieves better results in weight of lambs at 100 days and the average daily gain. If we evaluate the difference between meat production in Canada and the Czech Republic in selected parameters such as birth weight of lambs, weight of lambs at 100 days of age and avarage daily gain, Canada clearly has much better results. The main cause is a different type of breed.
Increase fertility and meat production can be achieved mainly by improving reproduction and production indicators.
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Comparsion of spruce sawfly of the genus Pachynematus and Pikonema in mountains after 10 years
Horáková, Eliška ; Holuša, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Lukášová, Karolína (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the important pests of spruce . The theoretical part summarizes the knowledge and information about tenthredinds the genus Pikonema and Pachynematus further concentrates on the method of trapping tenthredinds. The occurence and species composition of tenthredinds in three mountainous areas in the Czech republic is monitored in the practical part. It is the site of Albrechtice, Trojmezná and Medvědín. Malaise traps Townes type for catching insects were installed in the period from early May to early July on selected localities. The traps were checked every fortnight. When checking was always supplemented pure alcohol. After sorting and determination of tenthredinds data were processed by the statistical program, which confirmed the numerical superiority of males over females and overall numerical serenity of the occurrence of the tenthredinds. The numbers of Pikonema pallescens and Pachynematus scutellatum are lower, but the results are not statistically significantly different.
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