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Evolution of Artificial Intelligence Research Paradigms
Hostičková, Iva ; Ivánek, Jiří (advisor) ; Souček, Martin (referee)
(in English): The purpose of this thesis is to describe developments of research in the field of artificial intelligence, from the point of view reflecting changes in current paradigms, and to analyze contemporary tendencies. This thesis systemically places the paradigm term into contexts of theoretical sciences and it explains in what way the term is being used. Further, the thesis describes artificial intelligence and several selected components. The thesis researches the basic paradigms of artificial intelligence - the symbolic and connectionistic paradigm, and is also researching new approaches and analyzing their beginnings and important development periods. The thesis analyzes reasons that were behind these developments. In addition to questions related to technical developments, financial support of selected research played an important role. The closing part of the thesis also analyzes reasons of current artificial intelligence expansion, worries connected to this expansion, and current research trends.
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Declension of masculine nouns ending with "ambiguous" consonants in contemporary Czech
Klimtová, Barbora ; Adam, Robert (advisor) ; Bozděchová, Ivana (referee)
The thesis attemps to map the current situation of the variance process in masculines ended with epicene consonants -s and -z. Based on the description of the situation presented in language guides approximately since 1950s and with the help of Retrográdní slovník současné češtiny, the authoress compiled a list of masculines with this type of ending and afterwards she verified each noun via corpus databáze ČNK syn2010. To komplete the corpus results the authoress used the questionary survey on selected nouns. From acquired data there was set together a summary which should describe the current situation of this variance in these nouns.
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Transformation of Public -Private Partnership in the post-New Public Management era: challenges to British and Spanish approaches
Witz, Petr ; Rovná, Lenka (advisor) ; Ochrana, František (referee)
The diploma thesis aims to examine and compare public sector structures involved in managing the deals under the Public-Private Partnership (PPP)/Private Finance Initiative (PFI) in the UK and Spain as well as application of Public-Private-Citizen Collaboration (PC2) framework within the two systems in the era of post-New Public Management. The spread and use of knowledge and skills capacities and the overall ability of the national institutional models to protect the public interest in an effective and efficient way is assessed together with openness and transparency of PPP programmes where the scale and quality of use of the Web 2.0 tools able to reach and engage citizens in the process of implementing the policy and procurement of individual schemes play an important role. Special attention is paid to the ways in which the private sector entities on the one side and citizens on the other can approach the public authorities and influence the shape and features of the partnership and its results. PPP has been widely used for financing of investments into the public infrastructure in many countries in Europe and elsewhere. This comparative study introduces an "ideal" imaginary PPP model based on the new paradigms' criteria and uses it as a point of reference for assessing the progress in PPP...
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The nominal suffixal derivation in pre-classical French
Štichauer, Jaroslav ; Zavadil, Bohumil (advisor) ; Radimský, Jan (referee) ; Pešek, Ondřej Matthew (referee)
The present PhD thesis deals with nominal suffixal derivation in pre-classical French (about 1550-1610). Based both on traditional data collection and on available digital corpuses, especially Frantext, it first strives to define basic concepts such as language standard, problems of periodization, productivity, lexicalization, paradigmatization, panchronic validity of word-formation rules etc. On selected derivational patterns, it also tests the operationality of Optimality theory (OT) and other mechanisms (i.a. paradigmatization) in diachronic perspective. In several follow-up chapters, it then analyzes, from a diachronic point of view, a number of suffixes (-age, -aison, -ance, - ment, etc.).
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Integrity Being
Křečanová, Alena ; Soukup, Martin (advisor) ; Balcerová, Michaela (referee)
This theoretical study attempts to reflect the general problematic of modern society in complexity, the gradual constitution and development of estranged being as well as the contemporary effort to interconnect being as an integral whole. The study also contains an analysis of altered states of consciousness, which are understood as a certain means to view the world as integrated. We use the notion of consciousness to define the altered states of consciousness. The structure of the thesis is divided into five chapters. While the first chapter is focused on description and analysis of alienation and other negative aspects of modern society, the second chapter is based on this reflection of the crisis of western society. Its subject is the work of several scientists who contribute by their works to a qualitative change of the mechanistic and materialistic conception of the world and who promote holistic approach to reality. The key topic of the third chapter is phenomenon of consciousness and interdisciplinary theories of consciousness. We deal also with the qualitative altered states of consciousness, that offer some potential. The fourth chapter concentrates on the history and methods of research of altered states of consciousness and delineates their basic characteristic and their functions. The...
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Transformation of Public-Private Partnership in the post-New Public Management era: challenges to British and Spanish approaches
Witz, Petr ; Rovná, Lenka (advisor) ; Ochrana, František (referee)
The diploma thesis aims to examine and compare public sector structures involved in managing the deals under the Public-Private Partnership (PPP)/Private Finance Initiative (PFI) in the UK and Spain as well as application of Public-Private-Citizen Collaboration (PC2) framework within the two systems in the era of post-New Public Management. The spread and use of knowledge and skills capacities and the overall ability of the national institutional models to protect the public interest in an effective and efficient way is assessed together with openness and transparency of PPP programmes using the Web 2.0 tools able to reach and engage citizens in the process of implementing the policy and procurement of individual schemes. Special attention is paid to the ways in which the private sector entities on the one side and citizens on the other can approach the public authorities and influence the shape and features of the partnership and its results. PPP has been widely used for financing of investments into the public infrastructure in many countries in Europe and elsewhere. Through PPP, private sector is invited to take care of financing, construction or modernization and subsequent maintenance of certain public assets over the life of the contract that usually lasts about 30 years. The programmes of...
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Web as a Source for Automatic Creation of Morphological Dictionary
Bulka, Pavol ; Matějka, Pavel (referee) ; Smrž, Pavel (advisor)
Creation of natural language words is based on rules, which are generally complex. Often it is very difficult or even impossible to describe them precisely in a formal way. That is why we use a morphological dictionary to process natural language. In this paper we discuss the creation of morphological dictionary from Slovak's top level domain web. We talk about web crawling, data processing for morphological analysis and data structures too. This document makes basic principle and conception of morphological analysis clear. Final system, which is described in this thesis, produces morphological dictionary. This dictionary can be use in various application, for example spell checker, machine translation and so on.
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The role of Chinese diplomacy in contemporary international relations
Stehnová, Jana ; Lehmannová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Matějka, Zdeněk (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to characterize Chinese diplomacy and its position in the area of International relations. Chosen theoretical basis from the area of diplomatic studies and the area of cultural analysis correspond with the main goal of the thesis. The paper is thematically divided into three chapters, where the first one is focused on the definition of theoretical basis from the area of cultural studies and on the analysis of Chinese foreign policy, the method of literary research and analysis is used here. In the second chapter, the value orientation and paradigmatic principles of Chinese society is specified. The third chapter comprises of the synthesis and of a case study that verifies its conclusion.
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Paradigm in social work
PETRÁŠKOVÁ, Renata
In Social Work, the term paradigm is used to express a specific perspective on the discipline. There are multiple paradigms in Social Work. They are not in a hierarchical relationship to each other, rather they coexist as alternatives. In contrast, the term paradigm as introduced by Thomas Khun and used in science, assumes the existence and superiority of one the newest paradigm. This thesis discusses similarities and differences in formulating paradigms in Social Work and science. It uses the concept of social functioning to describe and explain paradigms in Social Work.
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Music As A Sign
JAROLÍMOVÁ, Jana
The thesis is interested in the problem of musical sign. In which ways can we speak about musical sign and which elements of musical material can become signs? These are the basic questions which we are interested in. This thesis is divided into three parts. The first part attends to the common theory of sign. The historical survey with the main ideas of philosophers and thinkers will be helpful to find out basic terms and problems of semiotics. In the second part of thesis we look at the historical reflection of musical sign in order to find out in which way it was treated with music and musical sign in each historical period of European music. In the third part we focus on musical semiotics, but we will consider some problems of musical aesthetics and musical psychology, too. In the end we make recapitulation of answers to the aforesaid questions.
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