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Determination of selected substances in phytopharmaceuticals
Hroncová, Michala ; Tulková, Tereza (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
Thyme, linden and cuban oregano are plant that have positive effect of upper respiratory tract infections. The most common are used in the form of teas and syrups. In this thesis were analyzed methods, which are used to specify substances in plants. It describe methods like stem distillation, SPME and GC/MS. The main aim of the thesis was found out subsances, which occur in herbs. Thymol was the substance which was found in every analyzed herb. The thyme contain o-cymen, in mixture of thyme was proofed thymol, borneol, 1-octene- 3- ol, linalol, estragol a 4- terpeneol. The linden has substances estragol a - terpinen. Characteristic substancies od the mixture of linden were o-cymen, estragol a - terpinen. In the cuban oregano were proofed – pinen, camphor, - terpinen. The method SPME was used to analyzed substances in syrup and main substances were thymol a -elemen.
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Potential microbial hazards in actual cosmetology trends - bio, vegan, raw
Jančíková, Simona ; Skoumalová, Petra (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
Bio-, vegan- and raw-cosmetics are continually more popular type of cosmetic products caused by an absence of synthetic and preservative substances but at the same time there is an increased probability of microbial contamination. The main aim of this thesis is a practical findings of potential microbiological contamination using a challenge test and a determination of any active ingredients in the cosmetic preparations. The legislation of cosmetic preparations as well as the information about certificates, which are awarded for bio-, vegan- and raw-cosmetics has been processed in the theory. This section also discusses a composition of vegetable and essential oils, which are used as raw materials in cosmetics production to a great extent and have a positive effect on skin. This thesis also deals with a possible microbiological contamination, listing the most frequently occurred pathogenic microorganisms, which can have a negative influence on consumer health. Operating life of selected samples using the Schülke Koko test by inoculating selected representatives of bacteria, yeasts and molds (Candida glabrata, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aspergillus niger) are being tested in the practical part. In addition a possible antimicrobial activity which may partially replace an effect of synthetic preservatives in the presence of essential oils is also being tested. Finally any biological active substances were analysed by the gas chromatography, in particular fatty acids contained in the creams.
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Analysis of sensorially active substances contained herbal extracts
Koloničná, Markéta ; Vítová, Eva (referee) ; Mikulíková, Renata (advisor)
The peppermint (Mentha piperita), the salvia (Salvia officinalis), the lemon balm (Melissa oficinalis), the camomile (Matricaria chamomilla) and the valerian (Valeriana officinalis) are herbs with healing effects. Their ethanol extracts are used for food fortification or in a cosmetic industry. Substances contained in herbal extracts were analyzed in this thesis. The extracts were prepared by maceration. Next, they were analyzed by using a gas chromatography and a mass spectrometry. The aim of this thesis was an optimalization of the method used for the analysis of sensorially active substances. Then, herbal extracts were analyzed and concentration of sensorially active substances was determined.
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The effect of mycorrhiza on production of plant secondary metabolites
Pikorová, Markéta ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Rydlová, Jana (referee)
Mycorhizal symbiosis, mutualistic relationship between symbiotic fungus and plant roots, is ranked among important interspecies interactions. It is indicated that about 90% terrestrial vascular plants live in this symbiosis. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) is the most often occurring type of mycorrhiza and simultaneously the most often occurring type of symbiosis of higher plants. Approximately 80% of all of plant species form this symbiosis. By symbiotic coexistence with fungus plant often gains benefits as for example higher tolerance against stress factors, resistance against pathogens or improvement of nutrient uptake. In recent years in series of works is detected that mycorrhiza positively influences production of plant secondary metabolites. This influence can display quantitativelyby increase of metabolite in plant and also qualitatively by change spectrum of substances produced. These substances can have importance in different spheres for human. Medicinal research regularly extends spectum of substances with bioactive effect which have origin just in the plant secondary metabolism. Target of this thesis is, by the form of literary retrieval, to create an overview of recent state of research regarding of influence of mycorhizal symbiosis on content of secondary metabolites in plants, especially...
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Compounds of terpenic nature in mint plants and the influence of elicitation on them
Jančová, Nikola ; Čáslavský, Josef (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
Diploma thesis is focused on study of compounds of terpenic nature in mint plants. Terpenic compounds are volatile hydrocarbons formed by several isoprenoid units with low molecular weight which cause the typical smell of plants. Presence of these compounds cause that plants seem to be fungicidal, bactericidal and insecticidal. Due to these properties, they can be used as botanical pesticides which are not toxic and no resistant organisms occur. Each plant contains relatively low concentrations of these compounds and therefore elicitors must be used for the increasing of terpenes amount. Elicitors activate defensive mechanisms in the plant leading to higher defense abilities and production of secondary metabolites. The identification and quantification of analytes was determined by gas chromatography in connection with mass spectrometry.
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Effect of grazing diversity on bee colony health status
ŠEBESTA, Tomáš
The Bachelor thesis aims at establishing the impact that diversity of bee forage has on the state of health of the bee colony. Honeybees are important for the life on this planet. The first part of the thesis presents a description of honeybees and of what is natural for, and indispensable to, their life. It presents plants that offer high- or low-quality pollen and nectar in our climate conditions during the year according to the phenological calendar, and also discusses changes in our landscape in the course of history. The second part focuses on substances that may help bees to fight against diseases and pests.
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Aromatherapy as part of relaxation techniques
VANDLÍČKOVÁ, Karolína
This bachelor thesis focuses on aromatherapy as a part of relaxation technique. Theoretical part discusses the field of relaxation and regeneration. Subsequently it describes characteristics of aromatherapy, its history and its importance to humans. Further I addressed the topic of vegetal and essential oils, that are crucial part of aromatherapy and relaxation massages. Practical part describes the whole process of enquiry that used standardized POMS survey questionnaire. Research sample consisted of ten people that took eight aromatherapy massage lessons each. Outcomes of the research confirmed that aromatherapy is a suitable alternative method for relaxation massages.
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Comparison of the effects of aromatherapy products and allopathic / nasal medication /
VACIKAROVÁ, Ilona
This thesis deals with the effects of alternative treatments for children's infectious rhymes and allopathic treatment resources freely available at the pharmacy. The aim is to find out the differences in the effects of nasal aromatherapeutic preparation (nasal oil Baby) and allopathic means (commonly available in pharmacies) in the treatment of rhinitis in preschool children. This work introduces basic knowledge of aromatherapy and its potential use in everyday life, especially in the treatment of common childhood diseases such as rhinitis. Another issues are the allopathic nasal preparations and their active substances. The practical part is focused on detecting the differences in the effects of aromatherapeutic nasal (nasal oil Baby) and most commonly used allopathic nasal preparations in the treatment of preschool children. The questionnaire survey was conducted among forty-six respondents at the 25th Nursery School in Pilsen. The last chapters of the thesis contain the output for practice and conclusion with the evaluation and the personal benefit that I will make use of.
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