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Nutrition care in the treatment of pediatric patients with Crohn's disease
ČADOVÁ, Andrea
This bachelor thesis deals with the nutrition care of pediatric patients with Crohn's disease. The main goal is to find out whether the patients' parents and the patients themselves are sufficiently informed about nutrition and if Crohn's disease had impact on the eating habits of the children. The theoretical part is focused on the current epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic procedure and treatment options. It is also focused mainly on clinical nutrition and dietary measures. For this research, I chose a qualitative approach, which was attended by ten children respondents and ten mothers. The practical part is divided into three subchapters. The first of them is devoted to case reports with basic information about patients obtained from personal and nutritional anamnesis. The second part evaluates the answers of the mothers of the respondents and the respondents themselves to the questions asked during the semi-structured interviews. The last part is devoted to the evaluation of eight week-long menus and two 24-hour calls. This research has shown that parents and pediatric patients are well informed about the diet of Crohn's disease but some of them think that not all the questions they had were answered. Then they can search answers for their unanswered questions on non-professional websites. For most respondents, Crohn's disease did not have a particularly significant impact on their eating habits. Reduction of the number of fried meals and fast food was the most common change in the patients' lives.
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Diet's influence on human psyche
VESELÁ, Pavla
This bachelor´s thesis deals with food issues in connection with psychic´s processes. The aim was to find out how diet and psyche affect each other. I list general psychological factors, which affect food intake. I mean the sensor quality of food and the culture of dining. In the next part of the work, we learn what physiological and emotional hunger mean and what difference there is between them. I focus mainly different psychological conditions, which affect the psychological intake of food. The next important chapter describes influences of the diet on our mental health. I present the three most common and well-known types of diets. It is a ketodiet, a boxed diet and cut out fast. I deal with eating disorders such as mental anorexia, bulimia and overeating. I conclusion, I focus on the concept of stress, how stress can affect the diet and last but not least I mention food and herbs, which can help us in stressful situations. In the thesis was used the analysis of selected literature and articles.
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Fasting and its importance for spiritual and personality development
POCHOPOVÁ, Veronika
The thesis deals with the influence of fasting on the personality development of man. The theoretical part characterizes diet and fasting. It looks at fasting through the eyes of the world´s most important religions, explains their motivation, practices and goals. Furthermore, it describes the mental and spiritual development of personality from the perspective of psychology and philosophy, putting it in context with the teaching profession. The practical part confirms the influence of fasting on the respondens. They prove the positive impact of fasting not only on health, the maturation of the human personality and transcendental beliefs, but also on the acceptance of everything that surrounds us and what we are a part of.
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Nutritional Particularities of Ulcerative Colitis
VÁVROVÁ, Veronika
This bachelor thesis is focused on nutrition issues in people suffering from one of the idiopathic intestinal inflammations, namely ulcerative colitis. The theoretical part deals with the characteristics of the disease, its symptoms, complications and treatment. Furthermore, it focuses more on nutrition and dietary recommendations during periods of remission, relapse and short bowel syndrome. The practical part is divided into three parts in which the method of qualitative investigation is used. The first part of the research examines how the respondents suffering from ulcerative colitis were acquainted with the residue-free diet, using semi-structured interviews. The second part of the research maps how the nutrition differs in individual respondents by considering their case history and evaluating their three-week diet. And in the third part, with the help of their nutritional history, the foods most frequently causing problems for respondents are mapped. The results of the research show that most respondents were educated by a doctor, not a nutrition therapist. Even some respondents were not answered their diet questions, so they had to search for diet information on the Internet or visit a nutritional clinic because they were already at risk of malnutrition or malnutrition. Energy and nutrient intake is sufficient for most respondents. Respondents with insufficient energy and nutrient intake supplement their energy and nutrients with sipping. As emerged from the research, almost all respondents eat rationally, only omitting meals that cause them problems. The most common meals, which bring about indigestion, are spicy dishes, fruits and vegetables with peel, grilled meat, milk and cabbage.
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Possibilities of active body weight regulation and its use in PF students
HAIT, Martin
The aim of the diploma thesis is to find out the most common methods of active regulation of body weight in students of the Faculty of Education of the University of South Bohemia. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the possibilities (ways) of active regulation of body weight. By lifestyle, nutrition, movement, physical typology, regeneration and the mental side of a human being. The practical part of the thesis was realized using a quantitative questionnaire, which was distributed among students of the Faculty of Education of the University of South Bohemia. The obtained data are compiled in spreadsheets and graphs. The conclusion of the thesis is the processing of the results of the research file and subsequent recommendations in the field of this issue.
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The role of fructose in hepatic fat accumulation
Justrová, Marie ; Kovář, Jan (advisor) ; Malínská, Hana (referee)
One of the metabolic disorders with an increasing incidence is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD is characterized by pathological accumulation of fat in the liver. According to some authors, excessive fructose consumption plays an important role in its pathogenesis. The thesis aims to interpret published findings of the relationship between fructose intake and fat deposition in the liver. In the first part the fructose metabolism is described and compared with the glucose metabolism. The other effects of fructose on fat, carbohydrate and nucleotide metabolism are mentioned. This is followed by definition of the term NAFLD, description of various stages and clinical characterization of the disease. In the final part of the thesis the results of studies concerned with the role of excessive fructose consumption in NAFLD development are summarized. Excessive consumption of fructose by healthy subjects during isocaloric diet doesn't result in hepatic fat accumulation due to effective compensatory mechanisms. However, the role of fructose in hypercaloric diet in the increase of hepatic fat content hasn't been definitely explained yet. It seems that excessive caloric intake per se is more important than the effect of fructose or its metabolites. More pronounced rise in hepatic fat content...
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Specifics of diet in patients with chronic kidney disease
Holakovská, Lucie ; Vachek, Jan (advisor) ; Oulehle, Kateřina (referee)
Approximately 10 % of local population is affected by chronic kidney disease. CKD is not only a major health issue but it does have socio-economic impact on society. Early diagnosis and adequate therapy helps to delay the necessity of dialysis treatment, leads to a better quality of life of patients and can lower the economic costs of the therapy. Adequate therapy and regime intervention may positively influence wide range of risk factors of CKD progression. Patients with CKD have to comply with strict dietary restrictions including reduction of proteins. When starting dialysis, proteins intake increase is necessary, because of amino acids dialysate losses. Registered dietitian (RD) aims to maintain an optimal nutritional status of the patients and to minimize complications of CKD. Patients should be educated about nutrition principles during predialysis and diet changes after initiation of dialysis treatment. This bachelor thesis aims to establish an awareness of the dialyzed patients about nutrition measures. Questionary survey was used in set of 86 patients treated on dialysis in Klatovská nemocnice. Results are presented in the form of graphs. Results of the survey says, only 19 % of patients were educated by RD and 52 % of respondents were not informed at all about the need of increased...
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Risks of being on diet for middle - aged women
Plachá, Barbora ; Marádová, Eva (advisor) ; Hanušová, Jaroslava (referee)
The bachelor work focuses on the risks of women's diets in middle age (45 - 60 years of age). The work is divided into theoretical and practical part. Theoretical part characterises generally the period of menopause which just emerges in the women's middle age. It refers to the basic principles of rational eating. It regards the issues of overweight and obesity and related reduction diets and their impact on health conditions of women. Based on the technical findings, the work makes recommendations how to adjust a diet in a suitable way. Practical part includes the questionnaire inquiry which is aimed at women's eating habits and their experience with reduction diets. The individual results are evaluated and discussed in the conclusion of the study. The results of the questionnaire survey indicate apparent lack of information of middle - aged women especially in terms of health risks related to reduction diets.
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The Dietary System in Hospitals in the Czech Republic: Reality and Objective Needs
Pokorná, Daniela ; Kohout, Pavel (advisor) ; Humlová, Renata (referee)
Author: Pokorná Daniela Institution: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, 1. lékařská fakulta Title: The Dietary System in Hostitals in the Czech Republic: Reality and Objective Needs Tutor: Doc.MUDr.PavelKohout,PhD. Numberofpages: 88 Numberofsupplements: 6 Year: 2011 Keywords: diet, dietary system, dietology, dietotherapy, nutritional therapist, reality, objective needs This paper deals with the dietary system in the facilities in the Czech Republic, particularly in hospitals, with the focus on reality and objective needs. It is divided into two parts - theoretical and research part. The theoretical part explains the terms such as dietology, diet, nutritional therapist, and subsequently the history, present state and possible future of the dietary system in the Czech Republic. In the research part, the reality and objective needs in the given field are explored. The focus is on objective conclusions of the research exploration as well as on initiatives and comments from professionals in the particular facilities. Three hypotheses were set and subsequently examined. The above data was obtained from facilities such as hospital, spas and health resorts, and senior homes. The research was basic and quantitative in nature; data- collecting was done using a questionnaire. Basing on ideas and comments from the...
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Influence of physical activity on body fat reduction
Chmurovský, Petr ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Skalská, Marie (referee)
Title:. Influence of physical activity on body fat reduction Objectives: The main aim of this thesis is to verify the effect of physical activity on body fat reduction compared with a diet. Methods: Literature search, creation of intervention programs and their implementation, data analysis and graphical presentation of results. Results: Changes in body composition among different groups was not statistically significant. Effect of physical activity on body fat reduction is not confirmed - this hypothesis has been rejected Key words: The exercise program, diet, body composition, gait, energy expenditure and intake, physical activity, motivation, reduction of subcutaneous fat, data collection and analysis, exercise and diet
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