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Criminological Aspects of Hate Crime
Kočí, Daniel ; Kopečný, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Galovcová, Ingrid (referee)
Criminological Aspects of Hate Crime Abstract The purpose of this thesis on the topic of the Criminological Aspects of Hate Crime is to present a concise summary of essential and available information on the issue of these crimes and to highlight specifics of these criminal activities from other types of crime. The thesis is divided into ten chapters according to the selected thematic areas. The first chapter is focused on concept of hate crime and its characteristic. This chapter offers various conceptions of hate crime, its definitions, brief history, development and description of spreading of this concept. A common feature of the definitions of hate crime mentioned in this thesis is that hate crime is a crime committed by the offender due to some strongly negative emotion, which this offender has towards variously defined groups of the population. The second chapter describes the forms of hate crimes in terms of the nature of the offender's conduct and in terms of the offender's motivational background. The third chapter provides an overview of the legal regulation of hate crime in the Czech Republic and in the selected countries (USA, Canada and FRG). The end of this chapter contains a comparison of the legislation of the Czech Republic with the legislation of the selected countries. The fourth chapter...
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The Crime of Rape
Hloušková, Kateřina ; Vokoun, Rudolf (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
The Crime of Rape Abstract This thesis focuses on the theme of the crime of rape, both from the criminal law perspective and the criminological perspective. The objective of this thesis is to address some specific aspects of this crime. This qualification work consists of seven chapters. In the first chapter, basic terms related to this theme are explained. Basic body of the crime of rape is analysed in detail, then the relationship between the basic body and qualified bodies and the final part of this chapter analyses the development stages of this crime. This thesis also deals with differences between the crime of rape and the crime of sexual coercion and sexual abuse. One chapter shows a concise overview of how the legislation on the crime of rape has developed since 1961. The so-called Istanbul Convention is mentioned here too, dealing with the crime of rape, which is a very current topic. The chapters four to seven analyse the theme from the criminological perspective and are completed with statistical data presented in a diagram and in charts. First of all, the criminology part shows the typology of the offenders, dividing them in two groups: offenders with a sexual preference disorder and without this disorder. Another chapter deals with the victims of the crime of rape, namely also from the...
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Criminological aspects of criminality of foreigners
Špůrková, Adéla ; Říha, Jiří (advisor) ; Hořák, Jaromír (referee)
Criminological aspects of criminality of foreigners This diploma thesis deals with the criminality of foreigners in the Czech Republic. With the development of globalisation, easier and more accessible mobility of people, but also due to war conflicts or poverty, there is naturally an increased migration of people, which brings with it, among other things, security consequences. Being a foreigner in another country has its own specifics, the most significant of which include minority status, different lifestyles, values, opinions, behaviours and customs. These and many other differences may or may not be criminogenic factors leading to foreigners committing crime. Since this is a very comprehensive topic, which cannot be fully described in one thesis, the aim of the thesis is to analyse the current state of criminality of foreigners in the Czech Republic, to define specific crimes of foreigners, which are among the most frequently clarified and to answer the question whether the crime of foreigners in our territory is increasing or decreasing. Attention is also paid to the phenomenon of organised crime of foreigners and crime related to illegal migration. The diploma thesis is systematically divided into five chapters. The first chapter is devoted to migration in general, mainly the definition of...
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Criminological Aspects of Hate Crime
Vlček, Vítězslav ; Kopečný, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Galovcová, Ingrid (referee)
Criminological Aspects of Hate Crime Abstract Hate crime refers to a set of crimes committed for a prejudicial motive against a group of people for their essential personality characteristics such as nationality, religion, or sexual orientation. Topicality of the issue stems from the fact that related social phenomena such as racism, xenophobia, radicalisation, or discrimination of minorities are far from being satisfactorily dealt with even in Western society. The fundamental goal of this thesis is to provide the reader with a comprehensive criminological view of hate crimes in the territory of the Czech Republic. Main findings include the following: the concept of hate crime is not unified in theory nor legislation in terms of protected characteristics, which negatively translates into research and policy of hate crime. The quantity of registered crime is in the order of less than 200 crimes per year, its trend is downward, and its structure is predominantly non-violent; unfortunately, it is also accompanied by high latency. The Czech perpetrator is usually male and a repeat offender, in early adulthood, with a basic education and without a factual relationship to extremist groups. Victims of violent forms of hate crime are, in principle, suffering more intense harm (especially psychological) than victims...
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Reconstruction of a Crime
Strnadová, Marie ; Krupička, Jiří (advisor) ; Šelleng, Dalibor (referee)
The main topic of this thesis is the reconstruction of a crime. These special means of evidence are regulated in the provisions of § 104d of the Criminal Procedure Code. This act takes place if the situation in which the crime was committed is to be restored, or if the circumstances related to the crime are to be restored, if the testimony of the suspect, accused, co-accused, injured party or witness, is to be examined, but only if other evidence provided in the proceedings is not sufficient to clarify the case. In the first chapter, the topic of the legal regulation of the reconstruction of a crime is set in a historical context. The current legal regulation of this institute in the Czech legal system follows. Furthermore, the concept, meaning and types of forensic reconstruction are analysed, which is compared to selected special means of evidence, for which it is often incorrectly confused. As the reconstruction of a crime is a complex and very important mean of evidence, the merits of this thesis are devoted to the preparation, planning, the actual execution, documentation and evaluation of this act. Furthermore, the thesis describes two examples of crime reconstruction from practice and ends with considerations de lege ferenda.
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The Issue of an Offender's Personality in Criminology
Pechová, Monika ; Marešová, Alena (advisor) ; Zoubková, Ivana (referee)
The Issue of an Offender's Personality in Criminology Abstract The major topic of my diploma thesis is the issue of an offender's personality in criminology. The aim of this thesis is to introduce the reader to the issue from criminological perspective, to make him familiar with various opinions on an offender's personality which have developed throughout the history, and to describe the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency and criminality against children and juveniles. The cardinal topic of the first part is scientific discipline criminology with its historical roots, distribution to particular subdisciplines, and relation to other criminal sciences. The second part provides a summary of main criminological schools and theories which have been formed since the beginning of criminological thinking and had different opinions on offender and his personality. The term criminal offender has various meanings from the view of substantive criminal law, procedural criminal law, and the view of criminology. These meanings are explained in the third part. The most important is the fourth part which deals with an offender's personality, relevant internal and external factors that are affecting human personality and the best-known typologies focused on offender's biological dispositions, psychological dispositions, and...
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A History of Criminal Law in the Czech Lands in 1848-1989
Jablonický, Tomáš ; Kuklík, Jan (referee)
1 Summary Dissertation builds an objective, transparent, systematic and yet concise interpretation of the history of criminal law in the Czech lands in 1848-1989. The aim of this work is, however, not only to chronologically present the most important criminal codes, but also to tell a parallel story of criminal law science and criminology, which to a bigger or lesser degree substantially influenced the development of criminal law and criminal legislation. Therefore, this work also includes biographical and bibliographical profiles of leading Czech educators, criminal law scientists and criminologists - the founders and pioneers of Czech and Czechoslovak criminal law science, whose lives have been closely linked with the complicated socio-political events of the given historical period. History of criminal law shows a strong interconnection of criminal law and policy, which consequently causes the criminal law without proper criminal law science and criminology to be the most politically affected branch of law. For this dissertation is symptomatic the search for critical causes and factors that lead to progress or, on the contrary, to the decline of criminal law. In such moments, the criminal law science and criminology emerge again, naturally and clearly, from a scientific analysis of historical events of...
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Terrorism - criminological aspects
Müllerová, Anna ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
Terrorism - criminological aspects Abstract The submitted diploma thesis deals with criminological aspects of terrorism. The thesis aims to introduce the reader to the concept of terrorism as well as to present its various criminological issues. The thesis seeks to provide plausible answers, especially to the following questions: what terrorism is, who is its perpetrator, what is the process of radicalization, and most importantly, what causes terrorism. Besides, it deals with the specifics of the fight against terrorism and current issues related to terrorism and its current global state. The work provides a comprehensive insight into the criminology of terrorism, both group and individually perpetrated. In the beginning, the thesis deals with the very concept of terrorism, its definition and typology. It thus provides the necessary basis for the following chapters of the thesis. The work continues with analysis of terrorism from the Czech criminal law point of view, and therefore provides practical insight into the possible punishment of perpetrator in the Czech Republic. The thesis then demonstrates the application of the law on one of the cases concerning Czech offender convicted of terrorism in the Czech Republic. At its core, the thesis deals with the criminological aspects of terrorism. It offers...
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Development and structure of crime in the Czech Republic
Kupčeková, Markéta ; Marešová, Alena (advisor) ; Zoubková, Ivana (referee)
Development and structure of crime in the Czech Republic Abstract The intended goal of the presented work is to present an overview of fundamental theoretical one sand practical knowledge of crime in the Czech Republic with the help of available sources (literature, professional articles, legislation and case law). In six parts, the work focuses mainly on the criminological and criminal interpretation of crime and its development in terms of publicly available data of statistical systems in the Czech Republic for the years 2016-2019. The first chapter deals with the concept of crime in the sociological and legal context, in addition to which other selected terms are defined. In the part of scientific disciplines, the chapter deals with the definition of the phenomenon of crime in criminology and criminal policy. The resources necessary for the investigation of crime can be found in the second chapter, the content of which is not only a set of resources, but also the method of their processing, evaluation and evaluation of the degree of objectivity. At the same time, knowledge about foreign sources is not left out. The knowledge of the state of crime is illuminated by the third chapter, which in its first part describes the basic qualitative and quantitative indicators that are used to know the already...
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Recognition
Mufová, Alžběta ; Konrád, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
The following thesis explores the obtaining of evidence during criminal proceedings via a line-up technique which is listed in section 104b, Act No. 141/1961, Criminal Procedure Code. The chosen topic is reviewed in its complexity from several different angles including theoretical aspects and my own personal experience. The thesis concentrates on a line-up of subjects in natura, problems associated with the procedure and offers possible solutions on how to face the given problems. In the first chapter the thesis provides general definition of a line-up and its variations and remaining subchapters to the possibility of its urgency and unrepeatability as well as to the question whether an object must participate. Next it follows the historical development of line-ups, offers views both current and historical on the practice as a method of criminal evidence gathering and explores the fact that it has only recently become part of the Criminal Procedure Code. This is opposed to being considered, as was the case for a long time, as a specific kind of interrogation, a view that can still be found among some theorists up to this day. In the next two chapters, a line-up is compared to other methods of criminal evidence that are part of the Criminal Procedure Code and the thesis also takes a closer look at...
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