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Moral competence and social desirability of security and armed forces
KUČEROVÁ, Kristýna
The bachelor thesis is focused on moral competencies and social desirability of the security and armed forces of the Czech Republick. Specifically, for firefighters and soldiers. The theoretical part of the work is divided into two main parts. The first of them is focused on moral competencies. First, I deal with the theoretical basis of moral reasoning and then the basic concepts related to morality. Furthermore, I deal with psychological theories of morality and their starting points. The second part of the theoretical part deals with the concept of social desirability. This part is focused on terminology, the construct of social desirabillity, the two-factor model and measurement methods. In the empirical part I focus on the preferred stage of moral reasonin accorditn to Kohlberg´s for security and armed forces, the relationship between social desirability and the level of moral judgment. The research group consists of a total of 213 respondents. In verifying the established hypotheses, no statistically significant difference was found between the level of moral competencies of members of the security forces and the civilian population, and no significant difference was found in the level of moral competencies depending on education. The difference between the level of social desirability of the security forces in comparison with the civilian population was found, the hypothesis determining the connection between the preferred level of moral competencies was supported and the hypothesis dealing with the inconsistency between the C-score and social desirability was supported.
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The Picture of an Ordinary Man in the Work of John Steinbeck and William Saroyan
KAŠŤÁK, Nicholas
The scope of this work will be a comparative analysis of selected texts of John Steinbeck and William Saroyan, two important American writers of the 20th century with focusing on the characteristics of main characters. Theoretical basis of the work will be based on a brief introduction of both authors and their work as well as on their approach to the literary-historical context. In this regard the work reminds the issue of naturalism, the question of determination and the mening of the American dream. The interpretation itself will focus on types of individual characters and their role in stories in relation with the theoretical background of the work.
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The Ironic Picture of the Society in the Work of Geoffrey Chaucer and Graham Greene
LINDUŠKA, František
This diploma thesis deals with the ironic concept of the society in the texts of two great and important, yet historically very different figures, Geoffrey Chaucer and Graham Greene. Despite this historical difference, the thesis aims at the discovery of similarities in the expression of their personal attitudes towards the society in the particular period. In Chaucer's case we discuss the late-medieval English society, which stands on the edge of a new historical era and is a part of a great social change in the history of humankind. Greene's social picture is more oriented on the individual human being fighting with the modern world of the 20th century and experiencing the existential crisis caused by the two world wars. We try to follow the ironic voice that is reflected in the work of both authors and thus creates a significant character of their texts. The aim of this thesis is to find a common topic, which would mirror their ironic voice in the context of social criticism.
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Sokol sports association and its influence on the formation of values of membership. Case study
KOČAŘOVÁ, Jana
As a diploma thesis I choose the Sokol Sports Association and its influence on formation of T. J. Sokol Kampa membership base. The topic is structured as a case study. The theoretical part defines the term "value" in psychological, sociological, economic, philosophical and ethical context of today. I considered the historical development of Sokol and its fundamental values which are enshrined in the statues. The thesis describes the organizational structure of Sokol, selected values of Sokol and individual values of members. The thesis is focused on perception of Sokol values by members and non-members of Sokol. Groups of members and non-members are compared based on the information obtained. These areas are structured into chapters and sections. Survey data are then compared with the theoretical assumptions.
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The golden rule of morality in practice
PRÁŠKOVÁ, Tereza
The golden rule of morality is a universal pattern of human behavior that requires us not to do to others what we do not want others to do to us. This bachelor thesis deals with a view of morality, ethics, and their application in everyday life. At the same time, it maps some complex ethical and moral decisions, for example in the field of human conscience and honor. Furthermore, this work deals with man and his self-reflection and the issue of perception of good and evil. In this work, it is also possible to find related information about, norms and law and also a summary of current moral norms, morality in religion, and information about the categorical imperative, as the law of morality is called. The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to map the arguments that informants most often use for their moral behavior and what role the golden rule of morality plays in their decision-making. These goals and conclusions are then summarized in the final part of this work. Qualitative research, the method of questioning, and the technique of semi-structured interview were chosen for the practical part. The results were processed using the method of creating tufts, which is used to connect certain statements into groups according to common features. From the results of the research, it is clear that informants follow the golden rule of morality in most cases, although they are not aware of it in theory. The motivation for their moral behavior is mostly their conscience or internal principles. This work can be beneficial in social work as a probe into people's thinking.
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Truth in Politics
KOLÁŘOVÁ, Ludmila
The thesis focuses on true and trueness in our lives and in politics especially. It deals primarily with the question, whether the Christian fellow should contribute to keeping the truth in contemporary Czech politics. General questions, namely purpose of life, the notion of freedom or the Christian{\crq}s position to himself or herself, his or her surroundings or the relation to God, are discussed in the first chapter. The notions true and trueness are discussed consequently. The true is seen from believer{\crq}s perspective and the chapter describes its important dimensions. The notion lie is considered both as a sin and as psychological problem. This chapter includes brief psychological profile of people keeping truth as well. The third chapter analyzes the relation between politics and morality and assesses the importance of moral competences of politicians. Fourth chapter describes the attitude to truth held by Tomáš Garrique Masaryk, or Václav Havel respectively. It includes the vision of truthful and successful politician as well. The conclusion summarizes the outputs of this thesis and assesses its importance.
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Ethicotherapy in the concept of Ctibor Bezděk. Problems of human moral life and health.
Holcová, Katarína ; Fošum, Jan (advisor) ; Sousedík, Prokop (referee)
Ethicotherapy in the concept of Ctibor Bezděk. Problems of human moral life and health. Abstract The aim of the diploma thesis is to point out the connections between the moral life of a person and his state of health. This is a current topic of applied ethics, which deals with the relationship between ethical behavior and its consequences in health and disease therapy. The work deals with the life and work of Ctibor Bezděk, who is considered by the professional public to be the founder of ethics therapy. The diploma thesis introduces the concepts of ethics therapy and tries to bring the meaning of his work to the present day with an understandable approach. The diploma thesis also points out the importance of moral balance in various areas of our lives, the role of faith in God and the trust we place in him in the dynamics of health and disease. The method used in the diploma thesis is the analysis of Ctibor Bezděk's texts, the systematic arrangement into the topic of the thesis and the updating of his legacy. Key words: ethics, ethicotherapy, prayer, morality, illness, suggestion, healing, evil Počet znaků (včetně mezer): <111 295>
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Application of the Moral Foundations Theory on Czech Environmental Discourse
Rysková, Lenka ; Smetana, Michal (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on moral argumentation related to environmental issues within Czech discourse. The aim of the thesis is to find out what moral foundations is the environmental discourse in the Czech environment based on, which is achieved by applying the Moral Foundations Theory to this discourse. The theoretical part of the thesis maps the Moral Foundations Theory itself and the existing knowledge from its application to political science and environmental issues. In the practical part, the theory is applied to two separate parts of environmental discourse - op-eds published on internet news portals and speeches delivered in the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. A qualitative content analysis is used to establish an image of the representation of each moral foundation within these two parts of the research. The combination of the results from these parts is then used to answer the research question.
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Academic dishonesty and its relationship to work ethics
Horák, Lukáš ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Krámský, David (referee)
The thesis is concerned with possible relationship between the rate and kinds of academic dishonesty and work ethics. In the first segment of the theoretical section of the thesis, the extent of present research concerned with the reciprocal relationship of breaking of the rules in the context of school and work and the possibility of predicting aspects of work ethics on the basis of having knowledge about the rate of academic dishonesty of a given individual, is summarized. The second theoretical segment is a descripitiona and discussion of research of factors which affect both dishonesty in the school context and aspects of work ethics. On the basis of identification of these factors are in the empirical section analysed data, which were acquired through surveying of university level and high school students. Significant difference betwen the rates of dishonesty in high school and university level context, which is contradictory to some of the previous research literature.Relationship of the students to their grades and to some extent, gender, were shown to be significant influence on rate of academic dishonesty. The analysis of the direczt relationship between academic dishonesty and work ethics has yielded mixed results, suggesting, that the relationship si more complex than previously suspected
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