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Ethical aspects in the New Year's speeches by Vaclav Havel
Kovářová, Klára Marie-Anna ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Lorman, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis "Ethical aspects in the New Year's speeches by Vaclav Havel" interprets and evaluates the content of the New Year's speeches by President Havel in the light of civil and political ethics. In the study part first deals with the theoretical background (the areas of ethical consideration; relationship of ethics, politics, freedom) and also represents Havel`s ethical and philosophical dimension (the philosophical roots and sources of inspiration - the ideas, personalities). The core of thesis analyzes the ethical content and the development of the main ideas New Year's speeches, as well as their contribution to value creation on the road to moral autonomy and a more mature political culture. From the perspective of a new relation and in the context of the former regime, the last chapter reflects on Havel's considerations of ethical topics that are necessary for meaningful functioning of person in society with regard to civil and political ethos. Keywords Vaclav Havel, New Year`s speeches, ethics, political ethics, truth, love, conscience, liberty, responsibility, morals, morality, values, democracy, totality, civil courage.
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The Concept of the Lawful Freedom in Kant's Political Philosophy
Křížkovský, Matyáš ; Znoj, Milan (advisor) ; Bíba, Jan (referee)
Isaiah Berlin assigned Immanuel Kant to the theorists of positive concept of freedom tradition. This concept is according to him paradoxical, because it starts with the individual's desire to be his own master and ends at disciplination and coercion. The aim of the bachelor thesis "The Concept of the Lawful Freedom in Kant's Political Philosophy" is to explore the extent to which Kant fits to thus defined tradition of positive freedom and whether he isn't exceptional in some way. This thesis will interpret Kant's concept of freedom in broader context of his practical philosophy, focusing on the relationship between morality and law. KEY WORDS liberty, law, ethic, right, liberalism
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Quest for truth as a fundamental moral claim
Jakoubek, Jiří ; Lorman, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
Is it possible to describe questing for truth as a fundamental moral claim? If so, in what meaning than? The goal of the submitted work is to find the answer to these questions. As the starting point of reflections serves a characteristic of a man as a person in spirit of dialogical personalism. This correspond with personal project conception of moral truth. That is put in connection with the life story of Jesus of Nazareth as a true man. With the assistence of the terms "conscience" and "liberty" is the final conception of moral truth set in a wider purview of ethical reflections and consequently confrontated with teaching of encyclical "Veritas splendor".
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The meaning of life of high school students
NAGYOVÁ, Andrea
The work has a theoreticalempirical character. The theoretical part is based on the scientific literature processed evidence relating to the issue of the meaning of life, especially of philosophical and psychological perspective. The aim of the empirical part was to find out how high school youth looks on selected themesdeath, old age, freedom, personal goals, inner satisfaction, views of the world and society, love, the future and what is their purpose in life. The questionnaire survey was conducted among secondary school students.
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From the sensual experience to the transcendental one in the selected works by: A. Gide and J.M.G. Le Clézio
Vrchovecká, Jana ; Jamek, Václav (advisor) ; Voldřichová - Beránková, Eva (referee)
Jana Vrchovecká: From the sensual experience to the transcendental one The tradition of sensualism or vitalism is rarely represented in the French literature. During the twentieth century several authors tried to revive this tendency. The first apologist was André Gide, whose work Les Nourritures terrestres (1893) was considered as a doctrine of the sensual attitude, and for its spiritual overlap it was even called The New evangel. The deification of the material aspect of the reality becomes the link with the last holder of the Nobel Literature Prize: Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio. In his early essay: L'Extase matérielle (1968) he also exalts the sensual experience as the base of the transcendental one. The first part of the work compares the authors' sensual attitude in the mentioned works by the analyse of the particular senses. The synchronic participation of all them should provoke the second state of consciousness whose first grade is the ecstasy and the most desired one is the prophetic mind. The second part analyses the factors that contribute to this double objective. The necessary condition is the anchoring in the present moment. Both the authors worship the cult of the Sun which substitutes the traditional notion of the God. However, the individual must also cut out the bonds that impede...
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Political philosophy of Lord Acton and its influence on the political thought of 20th century
Virdzek, Andrej ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Šimsa, Martin (referee)
The Bachelor thesis presented here is concerned with the political philosophy of British historian Lord Acton and its influence on the political thought of 20th century. The aim of the thesis was to present Actons political thought in the environment of 19th century Britain and to show its influence on the political thought of 20th century. Actons political philosophy was concerned with many problems of Victorian age and his philosophy deals with many contemporary and historical issues. Because of this, I had to put emphasis only on some aspects of Actons political thought. Mainly on the theoretical fusion of Catholicism and Liberalism. The thesis is divided into three parts: In the first part I present Actons conception of liberty. Through the term of liberty I try to show the basis of his liberal philosophy. Every attempt to systematize Actons philosophy must start mainly with this term of liberty, because it was central in his thinking. Also his understanding of the word liberty is one of the things that distinguishes Acton from other thinkers, because it implicitly contains main premises of ethical teachings of the church. The second part talks mainly about Actons evaluation of the French revolution. I find this historical event very interesting and indespensable in the way that it presents to us how...
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Rousseau and his Influence on the French Revolution
Pravda, Petr ; Znoj, Milan (advisor) ; Šimsa, Martin (referee)
The "rigorózní" thesis focuses on the evaluation of Rousseau's legacy. It is based on the confrontation of two adverse pictures of his ideas. The first image sees Rousseau as a thinker who prepared with his original concepts fertile ground for diverse undemocratic regimes and ideologies. These always declare their allegiance to the loftiest ideals but only to perpetrate the biggest crimes and to deprive people of their liberty. The second image sees in Rousseau an uncompromising critic of social injustice who saw the only possibility for redemption in liberty and equality. In this case he was one of the most important thinkers who inspired people on the road to the victory of democracy and an author whose original ideas still keep to inspire and to fascinate. I argue in favor of the second picture. Rousseau's critique of the moral crisis is based on the disunity of modern social man. This disunity stems from the incessant conflict between our natural nature and the social state. Rousseau saw the only solution in the adaptation of the original nature to the new social state. This can be achieved only through an affective bond to a political whole. Just so can man keep his liberty which represents the basic value of his existence. In society it is no more a case of absolute freedom but of conscious obedience...
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The question of liberty and obedience in the work of Saint Ignatius of Loyola
Antošíková, Dagmar ; Sánchez Fernández, Juan Antonio (advisor) ; Housková, Anna (referee)
Title: The Question of Liberty and Obedience in the Work of Saint Ignatius of Loyola Abstract: The thesis investigates the question of liberty and obedience in the work of Saint Ignatius of Loyola and offers a basic survey of the literary heritage of the great Spanish mystic. Three of his works (Spiritual Exercises, Autobiography and Constitutions) and two letters dealing with obedience have been used as the sources and analyzed. In conclusion, the obedience and liberty in the interpretation of Saint Ignatius of Loyola are in substantial agreement and compatibility in the sense of inner freedom according to the Christian traditions. Saint Ignatius' contribution to the mystic literature was the fact that he emphasized one's own experience as the individual experience of an autonomous personality. Rather than to describe in detail his own ecstatic feeling he aspired to capture a day-to-day mysticism and his intensive pursuit of God's will. Key words: Loyola (St. Ignatius of), obedience, liberty, Spiritual Exercises, Autobiography, Constitutions, mystic literature.
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Timelessness
Svoboda, Jonáš ; Turek, Filip (referee) ; Cenek, Filip (advisor)
Calm film tries to be a kind of portrait of a young free life in the city. Freedom, upachtěnosti. It's a portrait of notes from phone, lemonade flavored with emptiness. Humbly evaporate. Passionate amateurism, because the toilet are not alone, there is with thee Wittgenstein. The fact that we saw a squirrel as a mouse eats. The fact that when we go to town, so we are pretty huge. The fact that it all actually means something. "Vynuděnej klidňák" Lord hate emotions and Jagr afloat bet. The fact that I have one whole night inhaled Pizza Hawaii, which became Pizza Pearl Harbour because I fell asleep. The fact that it is good then the rest of charcoal dance. About how he met at kávomatu dudes, gunk and artificial intelligence to agreed that hate and love must prevail over truth and falsehood. Instead, after a quill on the bottom of the crucible DNA they found God. Then came the doorman and said that the school is non-smoking. And then there is the moment when we lack love, peace, and we have a long time we were visiting. The fact that we were in rehab and has since everyone involved. The fact that Tomas přidělal the old wheel chair and wrote on it "ZEUS". Contemplation of revolting tag Elektro Planeo on the wall. Because staring contest with the camera is a job like any other. The fact that my vegetables says I'm outside because he hates anyone who is interesting. A tag is an interesting question - "is not a vegetable shit?" Humor in the joy of grief. Because I have sympathy with the man who has read this. Something is simply in a poem trapped and can not get out. The method of the Hitler-Stalin-Picasso, the smell and pain, emptiness and dullness, sabotage and nervousness, contactless man, colorful variety of residues of superpowers in said "yes" and the superhero resistant to alcohol. Nuclear metaphysics in a world where the Lord God far and high. In the role of a collector's Bizarre man playing Lord dimes with the task to deliver power to the last ten-kávomatu fate. The Old Man and the wine, which put on a fag and he will tell you that genius is hiding at the bottom, vigilance and misunderstanding diletující memory and increasingly sadder smile. Nasty weather and the feeling that "next door is fucking nations" - (Paul Ondračka - The celebration of music and poetry). Method free stream of consciousness portrayed as a method of glaciers. The fact that the last time I lost my laptop when I tried if underwater works wifi. Dementia and escape from evil - as far as possible. Trying to focus, at least for a while. Since I was working basically a documentary (- the film's treatment of captured video archives), the choice of media video-essays, hence the film entirely clear. The illustrated try to look out of their personal, participant of view, but also with a "judgmental - documentary apart." I inspiration for creating Calm sought mainly in the work of Werner Herzog, Karel Vachek and their relation to the relativity of truth and nature. Compared with its previous results, which were more experimental in nature evaluate his work as a targeted and focused. The aim of the work is a portrait of the place, time and people. He has absolutely no practical benefit, except perhaps enrich the viewer's soul and portrait modes.
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