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Stress in mothers on parental leave in relation to the risk of job loss
MELECKÁ, Renata
This thesis Stress in mothers on parental leave in connection with the risk of job loss deals with the issues of stress and unemployment phenomenon, as well as on the topic of employment of women, pregnant women and mothers, also on equal opportunities for women and men in the labor market, the systems of social security and on topics related to the return of mothers after maternity leave to the labor market. This work consists of two main parts - the theoretical and the research (empirical). The theoretical part deals with the above-mentioned problems and issues. The empirical part is focused on the research and descriptions of its results, where quantitative methods of data collection were use. For the purpose of this work the main target is a group of mothers on maternity leave. The data from respondents were collected using a questionnaire method. Collected data was then quantified using descriptive statistics. Two research questions and three hypotheses in total were defined. Hypotheses were statistically tested using statistical methods - ANOVA. The total number of 320 questionnaires from the target group was collected. To achieve the validity of the collected data and homogeneity of the sample, data collection was aimed exclusively at women, i.e. mothers on maternity leave from only the South Region. Aim of the work was to determine which group of mothers on parental leave more is more stressed mothers with a strong economic background or mothers with less strong economic background. Using a Likert scale was measured the extent of stress in mothers, who are not assured of having their job after returning from maternity leave. Using the above mentioned scale also was measured the stress in mothers on parental leave regarding their return to job and related duties, or finding a completely new job. Related to the results and testing, in the first hypothesis testing we found that mothers who do not receive any social security benefits, are more stressed than those mothers who receive benefits. Second hypothesis testing showed that mothers living with partners are less stressed than mothers who do not live with a partner. The third hypothesis testing found out that mothers on maternity leave, who are not assured of having their jobs after the maternity leave, are more stressed than mothers who have such certainty. From the results of the collected data was found out that most respondents are women aged twenty-five to thirty years, and women from thirty-one to thirty-five years. Mostly with the secondary school education (with graduation) and with university education. A large number of women working full-time and women cohabiting with a partner. A large majority of those mothers receives social security benefits. Also, a large number of women planned a combined parental leave with three years of geting the social security benefits. A considerable part of the interviewed mothers but also answered that along with the parental leave they do not have any another job. The results also showed that almost 80 % of respondents were not working at a leader position. Over 60 % of respondents are currently on parental leave with a child, a smaller part of the respondents with a second or third child. An interesting result is the fact that almost a half of respondents is planning another motherhood and nearly 60 % of them plan the second motherhood following the first one. The results of this research may lead to a consideration on the facts determined. For example, why most of the women do not work in a leader position despite their education. Or if women do really have such strong economic background to be able to continue with another parental leave. This work may help the women themselves, whether those planning to be a mother, expecting a child or having it already. Work can be as a basis or a handbook with an overview of the benefits of social security systems.
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Unemployment of young people in Czech Republic
Zemanová, Ivana ; Langhamrová, Jitka (advisor) ; Štiková, Radka (referee)
This thesis focuses on unemployment of young people. Young people are among disadvantaged groups in the labor market, so they are given special attention. The main goal of this work is to analyze unemployment of young people in the Czech Republic, monitor its development and evaluate the changes. Attention is paid to the relationship between unemployment and education. The indicator of average length of education is used along with educational structure to evaluate the level of education. The work also focuses on the economic activity of young people, which has significantly reduced in recent years. At the end of this thesis is analyzed unemployment and education of young people in the regions of the Czech Republic.
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Demographic factors of economic growth
Fabiánová, Jana ; Sixta, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Zbranek, Jaroslav (referee)
Development of the economic situation in recent years raises number of issues, including defining what are the factors of this development and whether it is possible to affect them. This thesis deals with the demographic factors of economic growth; those are factors associated with general population and factors which may have an impact on the country's economy. The main aim of this work is to precisely identify the demographic factor and analyze their development in the Czech Republic since the early 1990s to the present days. Furthermore, the economic development is analyzed along with the indicators of economic activity in sorting by various demographic factors. Special attention is given to the status of working foreigners within the labor market. To emphasize the specifics of the development of the various sectors of national economy the construction industry was selected as a case example. The analysis of the employment in the construction industry was conducted in regard to demographic and economic indicators. To illustrate the results of the analysis column, line and pie charts were used in addition to the figures in the tables.
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Everyday spatial mobility of population in the region Písek: Analysis of selected processes and their geography conditionalities
JINDROVÁ, Veronika
The aim of this thesis was to investigate the daily movement of people in the region Písek. This investigation was conducted through a questionnaire survey among households in the administrative region of Písek. Based on the results were then analyzed selected processes and their geographical conditionalities and then compared with the available studies in the Czech Republic and abroad. The purpose of this research is to observe differences among the population classified into groups, determine the purpose of routes, frequency, distance, time, and to identify the spatial mobility. It was found that women range different than men and for other purposes, frequently, but with a shorter time and distance and most walk through. For each age group are also noticeable differences. The largest representation in the sample were men aged 36 - 49 years and have done most current paths in order to/from work, with the greatest time and distance with the use of a car. At least the other hand, moving persons aged 65 years and over who had represented numerically smallest, most traveling to/from shopping and services and also by car. In terms of economic status, with the majority working employees, but most roads have gone self-employed persons with the longest time and distance with the use of a car. The smallest spatial mobility had retired persons who consistently as people aged 65 and over have done minimum paths and it corresponded with the time and distance that also benefited mainly car. Based on comparison of results with other studies also differed spatial mobility and other characteristics of the population by the area in which they live, but also between different regions appear identical or similar features everyday movements.
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Labor market in the Czech republic and in France
VESELÁ, Lenka
The subject of the bachelor thesis "The labor market in the Czech Republic and in France" is an analysis of both labor markets and their comparison. The labor market is affected by the economic structure, the Czech Republic is focused primarily industrially and export oriented while France is oriented on services, especially tourism. The first part describes the basic theoretical knowledge regarding the labor market. The second part focuses on the influences which shape the labor market. There is mentioned ethnic, demographic, educational and economic structure of both markets. The next section analyzes the employment rate in the national economy, labor productivity and focuses primarily on unemployment. The analysis identifies major differences in the labor market in France and in the Czech Republic concerning employment according to education level, economic activity rate, population working in industry, labor productivity, part-time employment, minimum wage and unemployment.
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Analysis of Income Inequality Between the Sexes
Kuboušková, Hana ; Bartošová, Jitka (advisor) ; Bína, Vladislav (referee)
Diploma thesis is focused on understanding the causes of gender pay gap, especially in connection with parenthood and related differences between male and female qualification- and career development and their respective time schedule. Using statistical methods and software instruments Statgraphics and Microsoft Excel the thesis attempts to describe the influence of parenthood and other significant factors such as age, education, occupational status or work field on economic activity and total personal income with respect to gender pay gap.
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Foreignes in the Czech Republic
Zámečníková, Renata ; Kaczor, Pavel (advisor) ; Menhart, Aleš (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on foreigners who work in the czech labour market. The thesis examines the economic activity of foreigners and how foreigners affect our economy. This work also deals with the attitudes of czech public to the economically active foreigners and compares if the actual situation in the labor market corresponds to the situation that Czechs illustrate by their positions.
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System of national accounts and business cycle
Rybáček, Václav ; Zemplinerová, Alena (advisor) ; Šíma, Josef (referee) ; Ondruš, Vítězslav (referee)
Thesis deals with system of national accounts providing information for economic policy institutions. Relation of the system to economic theory is examined with focus on disposable income. We try to answer the question if SNA follows theory originally used for construction the system or if SNA constitutes separated stream of economic theory. Then, crucial concepts of GDP calculation as definition of economic activity, value added concept or concept of derived demand are discussed. Key problem is the relation of GDP to business cycle anylsis, thus, we use alternative indicator of economic activity for analysis of Czech economy.
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Causes and consequences of economic inactivity in the Czech Republic
Petkovová, Ludmila ; Mazouch, Petr (advisor) ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (referee)
The aim of study is to analyze the causes of economic inactivity in the Czech population of working age. Attention is focused on its development, deeper understanding of the structure of the population and the consequences for him mean. The first section presents the concept of economic status, population and methods used by survey data in this area. Next chapters deals with the particular reasons for economic inactivity, such as education, retirement and disability pensions and other reasons that are asked in the Labour Force Survey conducted by the Czech Statistical Office. In the development there is particularly noticeable the prolonged duration of education of young population and the increasing age of retirement. The study continues with the analysis of the age and educational structure and development of the economically active population of working age. The last chapter analyses the issue of the average length of economic activities according to individual education based on the tables of economic activity.
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Projection of future development of economically active population
Šimková, Martina ; Mazouch, Petr (advisor) ; Dufek, Jaroslav (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the structure of the population of the Czech Republic in terms of education and economic activity and then draw out its future development. To this variations of the projection is included the development of economic activity in the population compared to the standard demographic projections. This approach allows better assessment of future development economically active parts of the population by its actual participation in the labor market, and not only by age group, as it is in most demographic projections. This work also includes analysis of sex-education-age structure of the population and analysis the reasons for economic inactivity.
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