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Application of R. McKenzie's method in the therapy of functional disorders of the cervical spine
Fílová, Veronika ; Kuba, Kryštof (advisor) ; Jakovcová, Karolína (referee)
BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT Name, surname: Veronika Fílová Supervisor: PhDr. Kryštof Kuba Cert. MDT Consultant: Mgr. Silvie Táborská Title: Application of R. McKenzie's method in the therapy of functional disorders of the cervical spine Abstract: This bachelor thesis is dealing with application of Robin McKenzie's method in the therapy of functional disorders of the cervical spine. The aim of this work is to describe the practical use of mechanical diagnosis and therapy in patients with functional disorders of the cervical spine and also to point out the early indication of surgical treatment without applying all conservative treatment options. This bachelor thesis serves also as a basis for the diploma thesis which will focus in more details on the use of this method in the therapy of cervicobrachial syndrome. In the theoretical part of the thesis there is a brief description of anatomy and kinesiology of the cervical spine, the patophysiology of the cervical spine and there is also a description of mechanical diagnosis and therapy. In the practical part, there are case histories of five patients with functional disorders of the cervical spine. The McKenzie's method was used for examination and therapy. The problems were resolved in four patients in an average of 23.5 days. The last patient discontinued the...
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Evolutionary development of the knee joint in relation to stability and injuries
Karban, Tomáš ; Kautzner, Jakub (advisor) ; Hora, Martin (referee)
5 Abstract Knee joint (articulatio genus) is the most complicated joint in human body from the anatomical view. Knee joint is compound, hinge joint, gynglimus, which has a major role in movement of the lower limb. Knee joint is related to the transfer of body weight in horizontal (walking, running) and vertical (jumping) direction. Knee joint is also the biggest joint in the human body, which is characterized by three bones: femur, tibia, patella. The greatest intervention of evolutionary development of human beings on to the knee joint is transition from four-legged walk to two-legged walk (bipedalism). The basic shape of the human knee joint is very similar to knee joints of chimpanzees however chimpanzees do not have problems with injuries typical to humans. The difference between them is in the angle of the knee joint caused by bipedalism movement. Chimpanzees hold the center of gravity in front of their hips and the knee joint clutches the angle of 70ř with the hips. On the other hand, knee joint of humans has the angle of 170ř, which causes more pressure to the knee joint and therefore is more vulnerable to injuries. Knee joint does not meet the demands of a modern man that overloads it with sports performance or pressures it with body weight impact from obesity. This overloading does not occur in...
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Physiotherapeutic procedures of enthesopathies of lower limb
VOLENCOVÁ, Lenka
For my bachelor thesis I chose the topic concerning the problem of insertion pain on lower limb called "Physiotherapeutic procedures of enthesopathies of lower limb". I chose this theme, because I had also a period, when I had primary symptoms of insertion pain, and moreover, I did not came across any other bachelor thesis, which would devote to enthesopathies of lower limb so widely. The disease is caused by tendon overload, which happens for many reasons, such as sudden training, poor quality of footwear, pathological movement stereotype and previous injuries. The clinical picture depends on the location and duration of the overload. There is great effort to remain in conservative therapy, which is often successful. It involves soft techniques and mobilizations, compensatory exercises, physical therapy and other methods. However, sometimes it is necessary to accede to surgical solution. Prevention is very important, because it can help us avoid the problems. In the theoretical part I begin with a detailed description of anatomy of the bones and muscles of the lower limb. Then I write about examination methods, where I mention anamnesis, observation, palpation, examination of joint mobility and imaging methods. In the next part I deal with the problems of enthesopathies, their origin, risk factors and description of clinical picture according to individual localization. Last but not least, I introduce reader with possibilities of therapy, where I gave more space to conservative treatment. There are also mentioned preventive measures. In the practial part I worked with patients, who were suffering from insertion pain in the area of Achilles tendon. I performed an initial and final kinesiological analysis, which I compared at the end of research. After the initial examination I performed 10 therapies within 5 weeks consisting of soft techniques and mobilizations, lasertherapy, compensatory exercises and taping. I educated patients in autotherapy and preventive measures. The research group consisted of 3 patients in age between 25 and 45 years. Considering the results, it can be said, that the suggested therapy had positive effects and has brought relief to patients. I also devised exercises, that are good as prevention and treatment of selected enthesopathies of lower limb, which you can find in attachments. This work could be used as educational material for healthcare workers, athletes and the laic public.
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Phylogeny and ecology of family Planorbidae
Běláčová, Kateřina ; Juřičková, Lucie (advisor) ; Lorencová, Erika (referee)
Phylogenetics is a sub-discipline of biology which focuses on classification of organisms based on their evolutionary development. Morphological and anatomical features have been traditionally used in reconstruction of phylogeny but with the onset of modern technology their role has been partly taken up by molecular analysis. Family Planorbidae is a very diverse group that includes species with very different morphology. This work aims to provide an overview of the phylogeny within Planorbidae family and discuss the importance of the individual features used in determination based on the results of the published studies.
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Digital Technologies in Education of Human Biology
Pražák, Daniel ; Vančata, Václav (advisor) ; Hlaváčová, Lucie (referee)
Digital technologies have been present in the educational environment in the Czech Republic and other countries for many years. Not only are they becoming a relatively frequent means of making education more attractive, but they also have a great potential for improving methods of illustration in areas difficult to visualize, such as human biology and anatomy. The presented thesis is divided into the theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part summarizes available specialized literature covering the bases for utilizing digital technologies in the practice of teaching; maps out the process of implementing digital technologies into schools in the Czech Republic; and last but not least, describes key elements and methods of teaching with the help of digital technologies. The practical part introduces the results of a survey which took the form of a mixed methods research among elementary and high school pupils, teachers, and students of Teaching Preparation programs. In the final discussion, the amassed data are compared to some of the relevant past surveys conducted by various subjects. In addition, the practical part also includes model activities for using digital technologies in human biology teaching; a description of their pilotage; and a critical reflection on the process. KEYWORDS...
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The "Bodies" Probe into the Thinking of the Czech Society
Dobošová, Andrea ; Matějek, Jaromír (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
Having been on for ten years, "Bodies" The Exhibition still arouses strong controversial reactions. The authors of the exhibition of dead bodies speak about education, whereas the opponents object it is an unethical business. The Czech society has its system of values, which has developed over centuries. The objective of my Bachelor thesis is to monitor the social affairs, which reflect the change of mentality and orientation of values as influenced by new possibilities of self- fulfilment. In media, and not only there, a sheer variety of opinions was given on the exhibition. Leading Czech scholars, including medical doctors, theologians, journalists and art historians, gave their statements; their views being mostly a rejection. Judging from the number of tickets sold, the interest of the public to see the exhibition is great. The purpose of my thesis is to record a probe by means of the analytic method, within which I describe the Czech society in a specific conduct perceived by the majority as non-problematic. The current situation is an excellent way to learn about the real world we live in.
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Specifics of nutrition in patients with celiac disease
EICHLEROVÁ, Aneta
Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder affecting the small intestine caused by gluten intolerance. This disease is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world and the number of diseased still grows. Prevalence of the celiac disease is stated to be between 1 in 100 and 1 in 200 in the Czech republic according to most actual sources (1 affected in 100 to 200 healthy persons), that means there is 50 000 to 100 000 patients suffering from celiac disease. The only know effective treatment is a strict lifelong gluten-free diet.The goal of this work is to find out nutrition specifics of patients affected by celiac disease. Four research questions were set down: 1. Which sources of information do patients use most often? 2. How good is availability of gluten-free foodstuff and food services offering gluten-free meals? 3. What is patients' attitude to observing the diet recommendations? 4. To which extent is social status of patients suffering from celiac disease affected? The work is divided into theoretical and empirical part. Theoretical part includes general information about celiac disease, about its history, diagnosing, treatment and complications which can occur when gluten-free diet isn't kept. The work is dealing with gluten-free diet where I concentrated on less know foodstuff for gluten free diet and their nutrition facts besides other things.Empirical part was realized by qualitative method where semi-structured interview was used for collection of data. Respondents were 14 patients with diagnosed celiac disease who were recruited by snowball technique. Interview was divided into 5 areas related to demographic data, symptoms, information sources, situation on gluten-free food market, patients' attitude to keeping the gluten-free diet and diet recommendations and about influence of disease on respondents' lives and social status. Output of this work is a leaflet about celiac disease and gluten-free diet. Results shows that respondents mostly use web pages as a source of information where they pointed out forums as the most useful. Valid sources of information aren't much searched for. Availability and supply of gluten-free foodstuff has considerably improved in the last few years. Similar improvement occurred in the area of food services as well. Respondents usually abide by the gluten-free diet and they try to keep healthy lifestyle and follow the diet recommendations. Despite the fact that celiac disease had big impact on respondents' lives their social status wasn't much affected.
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Laboratory Work on Plant Physiology and Anatomy and its Use at Primary School
Vágnerová, Kateřina ; Teodoridis, Vasilis (advisor) ; Odcházelová, Tereza (referee)
The presented master thesis is focused on practical teaching of the plant anatomy, morphology ad physiology at primary schools in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part contains a summary of the basic knowledge about plant morphology anatomy and physiology including integration of the practical teaching of natural science in Framework Education Programme and its extension into the School Education Programme. This part includes also detail theoretical background of teaching methods, which are suitable for laboratory work and didactic games. The second, practical part contains a detail description of the seven author's laboratory works and seven didactic games dealing with different topics from the plant anatomy, morphology and physiology, their practical evaluation on pupils of two primary schools and one secondary school including following detailed analysis of the realized questionnaire of these didactic materials. According to the obtained research data, it is obvious that the using of practical teaching form is more attractive for the pupils than conventional teaching methods at primary school.
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Overview of the family Deinotheriidae C.L. Bonaparte, 1841 [Mammalia, Proboscidea] with direction to fossil discoveries in Czech Republic.
Šmejkal, Roman ; Mazuch, Martin (advisor) ; Wagner, Jan (referee)
This work presents the family Deinotheriidae including the subfamily Chilgatherinae. Morphological differences of teeth point to anatomical differences between the genders Chilgatherium, Prodeinotherium and Deinotherium. Further, the anatomical differences of skull and postcranial skeleton of the Deinotherinae subfamily are described. The Extension of the family Deinotherium is tied to the migration routes from Africa to Asia and Europe. The Occurrence in the Czech Republic is confirmed by 2 important discovery sites. The first one is located in Horní Ves near Franzensbad where the skeleton of the species Prodeinotherium bavaricum was discovered. The second one is located near Česká Třebová and represented by the fragments of the lower jaw of the species Prodeinotherium cuvieri. The discussion focuses on the use of the lower tusks and the method of food intake.
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Linguistic aspects of the information science in the application of the recent technical language with emphasis on anatomical terminology
Musil, Vladimír ; Stingl, Josef (advisor) ; Feberová, Jitka (referee) ; Bozděchová, Ivana (referee)
Although anatomical terminology is in use for more than 2000 years, its first official publication achieved in 1895. The need for development of cogent nomenclature arose due to the high level of synonyms labeling individual anatomical structures. Thus towards the end of the 19th century existed more then 50 000 terms describing approximately 5 000 known structures at that time. Such synonymity caused and still causes chaos, especially in the research activities field. The reason for this is fact that most of the research performed not directly by medical field specialists but also information field specialists does not respect the historical evolution of terms. More, it mixes them according to different issues of the official terminologies. Also, further making the research activity complicated is wrong use of anatomical terms, lack of knowledge and misuse of latine grammary and last but not least americanization of the latine terms. Another hot topic is non existence of the official Czech anatomical terminology. This leads to increased tendency of neologisms formation which in turn causes increase of synonymities. Our study demonstrates above mentioned problems on examples from selected human body structures like locomotory and circulatory systems: bursas, 33 selected skeletal muscles, VIIIth cranial...
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