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Current models of liquid financial markets
Grosu, Iulia ; Stádník, Bohumil (advisor) ; Pumprová, Zuzana (referee)
The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of selected current models of liquid financial markets, namely to explain their basic principles, assess their strengths and deficiencies and compare them with each other. The thesis is divided into six chapters. The first five chapters focus on the theoretical description of five different models, including their assumptions, the resulting consequences and, where possible, their mathematical formulation. The particular chapters also examine the major problems of the models and provide clear summaries and conclusions. Specifically, this paper discusses the efficient market hypothesis, models of behavioral finance, technical analysis, changing volatility models and dynamic feedback models. The last chapter compares the particular models.
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Experimental Comparison of Sparse Signal Recovery Algorithms
Hoskovec, J. ; Tichavský, Petr
This report presents an experimental comparison of some of the newest and/or most common algorithms that are used for solving the sparse recovery problem: matching pursuit, orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP), A*OMP, basis pursuit, re-weighted least square (also known as FOCUSS), re-weighted L1 optimization (RL1). The comparison is done on synthetic (random) data set (dictionary) of the size 50x250 and 500x2500.
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Comparison of Localization Techniques
Skalka, Marek ; Obdržálek, David (advisor) ; Iša, Jiří (referee)
This work compares localization techniques used in mobile robotics. Localization - how to determine one's own position within a space - is one of the fundamental challenges of robotics. The introduction is devoted to a detailed description of localization and to the categorization of localization techniques. In subsequent chapters, category by category, various localization techniques and their variants are described and their strengths and weaknesses are compared. The work successively addresses: probabilistic localization techniques used for inaccurate sensor measurements processing and for providing reliable position estimate; relative localization techniques used for evaluation of relative changes in the robot position; and absolute localization techniques for finding and estimating the absolute position of the robot in the environment.
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Role of genetic variance in speciation
Payne, Pavel ; Markoš, Anton (advisor) ; Rueffler, Claus (referee)
Sympatric speciation has received much attention both empirically and theoretically. However, the contribution of sympatric speciation to biodiversity remains unclear. One piece missing from the speciation puzzle is the plausibility of sympatric ecological divergence of species through adaptation in polygenic traits. I consider an environment consisting of two niches, where one value of the trait is advantageous in only one niche, and vice versa. The selection regime is described by a trade-off in viabilities between the niches. These polygenic traits can, and often do, involve epistatic interactions among and between loci, so that the contribution of the alleles to viability deviates from additivity. Epistasis then also affects the curvature of the trade-offs: predominant less-than-additive epistasis turns the curve towards concavity and predominant more-than-additive towards convexity. The curvature of the trade-off plays a crucial role in the evolution of populations. With a convex trade- off, extreme values of the trait are favored and the population tends to diverge, but relatively stringent symmetry in strength of selection within the niches and the niche proportions is necessary to maintain polymorphism. In this study I use two and three- locus haploid versions of Levene's model to...
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Need for self-actualization in patients during hospitalization
VACHTOVÁ, Ivana
Human personality is a dynamic and organized set of characteristics which are in a special relation. Personatity is thought to be determined largely by either genetics and heredity, or by environment and experience, or both. The personal needs are dependent on sex, age, education and differ in different generations. The personality is developed through interaction of life situation, life conditions and the place. Self-fulfillment means to fulfill one´s potencial. It refers to ability to realize one´s own needs and plans. According to Maslow the need of self-actualization belongs to growth needs. Self-realization evokes feelings of happiness and joy. It surpasses everyday routine, it is a spiritual need. The first objective of my thesis was to examine the need of self-realization in hospitalized patients. The second objective was to compare the needs of patients hospitalized in intensive care units to those of patients admitted to planned medical interventions and to those of patients in long-term care facilities. The third objective was to find out nurses´ attitude to hospitalized patients with needs of self-realization. To find relevant data patients hospitalized in intensive care units, patients in long-term care facilities and patients with planned medical interventions were addressed. Nurses taking care of those patients were also asked to take part in the research . Data were collected by the questionnaire method. The hypothesis I suggests that patients treated in intensive care units prefer the treatment which leads to feelings of security and alleviates pain. This hypothesis was confirmed. The hypothesis II suggests that patients admitted to planned medical intervention have more intensive needs of self-realization than patients treated in intensive care units. This hypothesis was not confirmed {--} patients expecting interventions feel the same need of security and pain management as patients hospitalized in intensive care units. The hypotesis III that patients admitted to planned interventions have more intensive needs of self-realization than patients staying in long-term care facilities was not confirmed. According to the data collected, patients in long-term care facilities need pain management and feelings of security, but they also need to be respected as personalities. They prefer to have the strength to fight the disease to the need of having the bed properly made. The hypothesis IV that nurses do not show enough interest in hospitalized patients´needs of self-realization was not confirmed. Nurses are informed enough about patients´ needs. They usually try hard to find the time to talk to patients. The results should make nurses be more aware of the need of lifelong learning despite their enormous workload and care for their own mental and physical health by following principles of mental hygiene. Key words: needs self- fulfillment patient environment relations communication
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Baroreflex sensitivity and signal processing
Halámek, Josef ; Jurák, Pavel ; Kára, T. ; Davies, L. C. ; Francis, D.
Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) represents one of the most promising non-invasive markers of the cardiac disease. The measurement and computing of BRS are described but the significance of many different types of measurements and computing algorithms of BRS is neglected. This is one reason why the clinical applications of BRS suffer from poor reproducibility and sensitivity. The comparison of the short-term reproducibility and success rate of four different methods of assesing BRS is presented. The authors concerned themselves before all with a different type of measurement. Our aim is to test the coherency of BRS when the same data are analyzed using different algorithms.
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The purification of bioconjugates of azaphtalocyanines by SPE
Cichý, Jakub ; Kučera, Radim (advisor) ; Pilařová, Pavla (referee)
Diploma thesis The purification of bioconjugates of azaphthalocyanines by SPE Jakub Cichý Charles Univerzity in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry and drug analysis This thesis occupy the development of a method for purification biocunjugate azaphthalocyanines by solid-phase extraction (SPE). These derivates of azaphthalocyanine are investigated as molecular probes to guench of fluorescence in various genetic analysis. Experiments were carried out successuvely in order to find the ideal SPE conditions for the analyte. We tried also different type of SPE columns and their influence on the extraction. Subsequently were optimized each extraction steps, the changes in pH, molarity and strength elution solutions were made with an effort to get the best separation results. Column appeared as the best DSC-Ph (500 mg/3 ml) and the most optimal conditions were: Condition: 3 ml 100% MeOH + 5 ml 50mM TEAA Apply sample: 100 μl 100nM Washing solution: 9 ml 55% MeOH/50mM TEAA Elution solution: 3 ml 80% MeOH/50mM TEAA We obtained by this method recovery of extraction analyte around 70-75 %, with 10% relative contamination of remains oligonucleotide chains in the final eluate solution. The SPE method is an alternative to the already developed HPLC method...
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