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Use of alternative and augmentative communication systems for people with disturbed communication ability
Svobodová, Barbora ; Durdilová, Lucie (advisor) ; Hájková, Vanda (referee)
The presented bachelor thesis deals with the issue of the use of alternative and augmentative communication in people with impaired communication abilities. The text explained the theoretical basis of the work, including concepts: communication, communication disorder, Rett syndrome - RTT and systems of alternative and augmentative communication - AAC. The issue of RTT is processed to serve as a source of information about this rare disease. The thesis is mainly focused on AAC systems usable for people with RTT. The practical part consists of case study of girl with RTT. It analyzes the current development of the child, including her communication skills. It describes the current status of the level of communication skills, discusses progress of training the AAC system VOKS with this girl and analyzes the impact of the use of VOKS on her communication skills development. Keywords: communication disorder, Rett syndrome, pervasive developmental disorders, augmentative and alternative communication, VOKS
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Leisure of children with autism spectrum disorder
Martincová, Marie ; Zemková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Šiška, Jan (referee)
This thesis focuses on the games of the children with autism spectrum disorder as their most common activity. Furthermore, it describes the particularities and conditions of their games. Some methods of working with these children are mentioned as well, particularly the structured learning method. The goal of the thesis is to highlight the importance of games for the autistic children and to propose several different ways of improving their individual skills required cooperative games. The proposed learning scenarios come out of the structured learning method and they are based on my own experience with preschool children. The thesis suggests that games are a basic need of every child, including those with autism spectrum disorder. Children's games are absolutely irreplaceable because of their significance in the child's development and its process of socialization. However, there are certain constraints and difficulties for the children with autism spectrum disorder when it comes to the development of their individual and social skills. Our goal is to come out with certain measures that would help these children overcome their difficulties and integrate into the intact society.
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The Picture Exchange Communication System and his application of child with autism spectrum disorder
Kozlová, Veronika ; Chittussiová, Lenka (advisor) ; Nováková, Ivana (referee)
The bachelor thesis with title "The Picture Exchange Communication System and his application of child with autism spectrum disorder", deals with problems in communication of the children with autism spectrum disorders. One of the goals of the thesis is to submit a comprehensive overview of the essential knowledge of autism, history of autism, typical triad of symptoms (characteristic features of children with autism), etiology, and dividing autism by the adaptability. Another goal is to introduce the reader with a detailed feature and the use of the Picture exchange communication system, since this system is an efficient method of alternative communication, which makes the world more understandable, and not only for children with autism spectrum disorders. The goal of the practical part of the bachelor thesis is to answer hypotheses, which is achieved through case study. It deals with life story and applications of communication therapy of autistic boy in real life. Part of this work is also supplemented by a public opinion survey, which analyse positions of other parents to the Picture exchange communication system.
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Vzdělávání jedinců s poruchou autistického spektra na střední škole
Dvořáková, Jitka
My bachelor thesis deals with secondary education of people diagnosed with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aim of my theoretical part is to summarize the education possibilities for ASD children in South Moravia region based on comparison of particular opinions of different authors and school legislation. The information will clarify the current situation concerning counselling services for ASD patients. There will be also listed counselling offices in South Moravia available for ASD patients. ADS patients' possibilities of inclusive education and principles of work with them used during upbringing and educating will also be analysed. The theoretical part also includes the definition of autism, its etiology, a triad of symptoms, particular kinds of students and cognitive processes of people suffering from this disorder. The analysis and synthesis of available information, reference literature study and comparison of statistic data will be used in the theoretical part. The practical part targets at revealing the problems teachers and other pedagogical staff might be experiencing while integrating and educating ASD students at secondary school. One of the fractional aims is also collect the opinions of pedagogical assistants -- what they think of secondary education of ADS individuals, how they prepare the individual curricula of students. To get this information dialogues with pedagogical assistants will be used. As far as the main object of the thesis is concerned, questionnaires collecting data will be used. It will be aimed at problems teachers and their assistants are facing while integrating ASB students. Respondents are teachers of the "Střední zahradnická škola" in Rajhrad who participate in educating the above mentioned students. The results of questionnaire survey will be the base line for a dialogue with a specialist from Specialized Pedagogical Centre in Brno (Štolcova street). The obtained data will be analysed and interpreted so that the outcome of the whole survey could form a handbook for secondary school teachers who work with ASD students.
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Drawing expression of autistic child
SOLDÁTOVÁ, Barbora
The presented thesis deals with drawing of children with autism. It is divided into two parts, the theoretical and the empirical. In the theoretical parts there are four chapters. Three chapters deal with problem of autism spectrum disorders, types of autism, options of diagnostics, frequency and possible causes of autism. The fourth chapter deals with basic information about children's drawing, unique manifestation of the autistic disablement in the children's drawing. In the empirical part there are analysed 12 autistic children's drawings. Results are gained on the basis of observation drawing and evaluation by predetermined criterias. The goal of the bachelor thesis is to find out how the typical characteristics of autism displays itself in the pictures.
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Spending of leisure time of children with autism spectrum disorder in Czech Budweis
HOŠTIČKOVÁ, Věra
Currently, there is a specialized centre (Auticentrum) in České Budějovice, where children with Autism spectrum disorder (further on only as "ASD") can spend their free time. Autism spectrum disorder is a pervasive developmental disorder, spreading through every important area of a child's development. Shortcomings are obvious in three main areas social, communication and in the area of imagination. Deficits in any of those areas are projected into the everyday life of the child. The theoretical part is divided into three chapters. The first chapter deals with the characteristics of the Autism spectrum disorder, the second chapter explains the concept of free time in the relation to Autism and the third chapter is designated to selected non-profit organizations in České Budějovice. The goal of the practical part of this paper is to determine real possibilities of spending free time that children with ASD have in České Budějovice, to analyse and to find objective reasons which limit the children's choice of free time activities. A set of information was gathered with the use of method of qualitative research. The collection of data was executed by half-structured interviews within a selected experiment sample of respondents. Interviews were carried out with questions on topics prepared beforehand with selected respondents, who were mothers of children with the Autism spectrum disorder. The results of this paper contain a free transcription of interviews with respondents and key questions answering goals of this experiment are listed in synoptic tables. From results of interviews with mothers, it is apparent that the foremost obstacle for children with ASD is their differences in behaviour. When choosing a free-time activity for a child with ASD, their specific needs and individuality must be taken into account. These children have specific capabilities and abilities and, therefore, also an approach to them must be specific. During the research, certain benefits were discovered for children with ASD that the specialized centre (Auticentrum), which selected children visited, or have visited. Respondents see as the largest advantage the fact that their children with Autism found friends, with whom they can spend their free time even outside of controlled hobbitry activities. Respondents are aware of further possibilities of free time activities in the offer of schools which children attend, but except after-school daycare, their children participate in activities only in the specialized centre. This bachelor thesis only confirms the fact that possibilities how children with autism can spend their free time are not sufficient in number. It also points out that it is necessary, when choosing an activity, to follow individual approach, to respect specific needs and capabilities of the child in question. This thesis could serve parents of children with autism as an informative material about possible use of free-time education in Auticentrum in České Budějovice. Further, it could serve other organizations as an inspiration on the offer of free-time activities of children with autism.
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Social and psychological aspects of care of child with autistic spectrum disorder
SMOLOVÁ, Magdalena
This thesis aims on care for child with autism in family. First part is about psychological aspects and sums up klasification autistic disorder, diagnosis and importance of way how is diagnosis told to parents of disabled child. Furthermore this part charakterizes influence caring for child with autism on psychologic health of parents, discuses risks and protective factors which are important in overcoming problems that are connected with this situation. Second part describes social aspects which may influence decesion making of parents about way of caring for child with autism. There are explained opinions of public and church. Special attention is placed on families needs caring for child with autism. Third part discuses parental dilema in decesion about way of how to manage care for their child with autism and exlains some ethical issues of these decesions. There are a lot of factors determinating decesions of parents and the same factors can influence different families in completly different ways. If we sum up theoretical informations and practical experiences we can say that decesion of parents about care for their child cannot be objectively judged, it can be only accepted.
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Smart board and its use in education of an integrated student with ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder) at elementary school
KOPALOVÁ, Markéta
Integration or inclusion of people with disabilities into the intact society is currently widely discussed in the area of disability. This process is very long and complicated. The results of integrating this person into class of other intact students don´t depends only on a work of teacher, but also on familier diagnostic and on all stimulation program, which helps to the best integrable child. Integration of persons with autism spectrum disorder, whose behaviour is often problematic, can be difficult. But there are individuals who can be, usually with the help of an assistant, integrated into primary school among intact peers. The lack of special education of the teacher can be a disadvantage of the integration. If the teacher does not have enough experience with autism, the teaching can become a problem. That is why information and communication technologies, such as SmartBoard, which is very easily operated, may be a considerable help. Therefore it is suitable for individuals with fine motor skills disabilities and can attract both intact children and children with autism spectrum disorder. This thesis is focused on the use of Smart Board for children with autism spectrum disorder who are integrated at usual primary schools and for whose education and training special approaches are needed. The theoretical part deals with the definition of mental retardation, its etiology symptomatology and division. It also describes dementia of children who lose their previously mastered skills and abilities. A large section of the theoretical part deals with autism spectrum disorders, which are congenital and therefore lifelong disabilities significantly detrimental to the mental development of the individual, and describes etiology, prevalence and symptomatology focusing on the triad of the problem areas. It deals with affiliated disabilities and division of autism spectrum disorders, early infantile autism, atypical autism and other childhood disintegrative disorders, e.g. Asperger syndrome and schizoid childhood disorders. Diagnosis, education and training of individuals with this type of disability are mentioned in this part of my thesis as well. The practical part is based on the information obtained through questionnaires. It is therefore quantitative research using methods of questioning. The research files are all primary schools in the Czech Republic. The data from primary schools that integrate individuals with autism spectrum disorder were examined primarily. It was found out that 75% of primary schools which have integrated a pupil with autistic spectrum disorder use SmartBoard for their education. Particularly the methodical way of obtaining materials by primary schools in each region was assessed. The results showed that more than a half of the respondents buy or create their own materials. 34% sort to these two ways downloading from diffrent Internet portals, where are currently about 16 000 materials for primary schools. Only 40% collaborate with other schools. If the teachers communicated with each other more and shared the proven materials, it would certainly be a significant help for primary schools which are buying the materials and it would definitely facilitate the process of teaching. Acccording to my observations from my research resulted, that if teachers would communicate more each other and share experienced material, it would mean enlargement offers for pedagogical work. The results of this bachelor thesis might broaden the awareness of the widget SmartBoard and its positives which I could see at a primary school where a girl with autism spectrum disorder is integrated and where I could be present at her teaching. Further, the work created an outline of a mathematics methodological material for the fourth class which could inspire teachers when working with integrated pupils with autistic spectrum disorders.
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Nursing Care Particularities in Children Admitted to Hospital with Autism
SCHÖNBAUEROVÁ, Andrea
The topic of the thesis is the Nursing Care Particularities in Children Admitted to Hospital with Autism. In the theoretical part is found the description of autism causes, clinical manifestation, diagnostics, basic therapeutic measures and nursing care in such children. The thesis has set three goals: Goal 1- finding out problems concerning the hospital admittance of an autistic child. Goal 2- determining the specific features of nursing care in children with autism. Goal 3- creating an informative brochure that would help nurses to gain basic information necessary to provide expert nursing care to autistic children. To gain these goals, a method of qualitative research and the technique of standardized interviews were used. In the frame of the research, two research samples were used. The first one consisted of nurses who work in children´s psychiatric wards and children´s neurologic wards. These nurses were chosen deliberately as they care about autistic children regularly and have a lot of experience in this branch. Altogether ten interviews were conducted and were recorded on the record keeping sheet and consequently processed. The other research sample were mothers of children in whom autism was diagnosed and who experienced hospital admittance either as a diagnostic stay or in connection with acute treatment. Also here ten interviews were conducted. After the completion of qualitative research answers to the set research questions were gained: Research question 1 finds out what are the specific features of nursing care in children with autism. On the basis of the research, it was concluded that nursing care in autistic children has some specific features such as communication, observing rituals, the necessity of a parent´s company, as well as the psychical burden both of children and staff. Research question 2 focused on finding what problems are connected with the hospital admittance of an autistic child. On the basis of the conducted interviews, it was concluded that the biggest problems concerning hospital admittance apply to children´s aggressivity, difficult adaptability to environment changes and problems that occur after the experienced admittance. Further on, it was concluded that also children´s individuality is a serious problem that has to be taken into consideration during nursing care. Research question 3 found out how nurses assess parent´s presence during the admittance of autistic children. All nurses perceive the parent´s presence highly positively. They see the most benefits in passing important information to nurses, accompanying the child during the whole period of admittance, helping with the adaptation to a new environment, providing the common daily care including spending free time and giving the child the feeling of safety and assurance. Research question 4 deals with nurses´ feelings when nursing autistic children. The provided information is individual. The research has found that nurses feel well, do not see problems and the work is routine for them. Negative feelings are influenced by circumstances concerning mood, tiredness or demanding communication with parents. Further, it was concluded that nurses feel insecurity in the period when they start working with autistic children or during the first contact with the child. With regard to high disorder prevalence in the population, it is essential for nurses to know basic information concerning autism and adopt the basis of nursing care in children with this disability type. In this connection, an information material was created that has to help nurses to acquire basic information necessary to provide expert care to autistic children.
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