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The Right of Child to Participate in Decision-making about his/her Upbringing
Manková, Hana ; Koťa, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Krykorková, Hana (referee)
The right of the child to participate in decision-making about his/her upbringing, decisions which directly concern him/her, is an interdisciplinary subject. The bachelor's thesis focuses on its legal, psychological and pedagogical aspects. This right is grounded in multiple legal instruments of various types and legal force. However, the interpretation of this particular right and its application in practice are highly problematic. It is in the best interest of every child to have the opportunity to express his/her opinion about issues related to his/her upbringing. This opportunity is, however, determined by social and cultural factors. The thesis clarifies the most important issues related to child's participation in decision-making about his/her upbringing within the family.
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Selected aspects affecting the issue of surogate maternity
NĚMCOVÁ, Kristýna
The Bachelor thesis deals with the problematics of surrogate maternity, firstly focused on theory, which describes legal, ethical and psychosocial aspects having influence on surrogacy, secondly is focused on practise. Through qualitative research find out attitude of social workers who work with social and legal child protection to this problematic. The thesis solves problematic aspects in application of surrogacy in practise use from the legal and ethical side and psychosocial consequences including attitudes of workers with social and legal protection. This thesis should point out the inconsistency and risks arising from implementation of surrogacy. The research shows different attitudes of legal surrogacy. What have conflicting views in common is fact to not be abused this institute and having finally the same purpose. The attitudes of social workers are similar and consider surrogacy to be risky and problematic from an ethical and psychosocial side of view. It is necessary don´t let the institute to be legally unprepared and set clear boundaries and rules to don´t be abused of surrogacy institute and prevent any negative impacts.
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Proposed model of transformed care for vulnerable children
Kvasničková, Dana ; Novotná, Jiřina (advisor) ; Kohnová, Jana (referee)
The bachelor's thesis is focused on the concept of the new model of transformed care of the vulnerable children. Its aim is the description and introduction to concept of the new model of transformed care of the vulnerable children on the example of one institute, and the evaluation of its possible impact. The thesis is conceptualized descriptively, it is the conceptional experiment. This work is compiled like a monographic study. Data was obtained by collecting and analysing the documents about the present state of care of the vulnerable children. The text of work is divided into two parts - the theory and the practice. The theoretical part is based on psychology, sociology and pedagogy. The practical part presents a new model of transformed care on the example of one institute and analyses its expected benefits. It also describes the possible difficulties and problems during implementation of the model into practice.
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Approaches used when teaching children in multicultural Nursery and Primary schools
Baker, Jarmila ; Hejlová, Helena (advisor) ; Koťátková, Soňa (referee)
Diploma thesis " Approaches to children in multicultural Nursery and Primary schools. It deals with the current approaches to children in Nursery and Primary schools, both in Czech schools and foreign schools located in the Czech Republic. First this thesis tries to find some historical context and understanding of the situation that Czech and foreign schools are faced with. Further attempts to map out the involvement of multicultural education into the curricula and teaching practice in the selected schools. Primarily it creates a comparison of approaches to multicultural education in selected schools in the Czech Republic. The thesis is trying to find inspiration for working with multicultural education in Czech schools, which do not pay much attention to multicultural education. Thesis should highlight the importance of multicultural education in schools and the benefits and positive impact of integrating this education into the curriculum of schools.
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The experience of foster parents and trustees in ensuring compulsory contact with the child's family of origin
HLOUCALOVÁ, Irena
These Bachelor Degree Theses describe facts connected with foster care and guardianship issues with emphasize on legal obligation to ensure a contact of the child with his original biological family. The theoretical part of my work starts with historical milestones of a foster family care in the world and in our country. Then I deal with the present state and I describe institutions that are engaged in the foster family care. The practical part of these theses is elaborated by the qualitative method using semistructured interviews with foster parents and guardians. I made a list of most frequently mentioned basic needs of foster parents and guardians as well as the children in the foster care and opinions of foster parents and guardians regarding the mentioned topic. These theses can be used as a material for work of intervention centres of the foster family care as well as for other specialists dealing with this area of the foster family care, eventually as an inspiration and motivating material for applicants for the foster family care.
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INSTITUTIONAL CARE
PAPÁČKOVÁ, Lucie
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to acquaint the reader with institutional care in the Czech Republic, performed in facilities belonging to the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs, and the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports. Institutional care is one of the most important measures in which the State may intervene in family relationships. Minors have the legal right to secure a proper education and overall development. If the parents or family are unable to fulfill this legal claim, then the State is obliged to provide the child with an alternative rearing environment, either by assigning the child to the care of individuals or a facility for children requiring immediate assistance, and in the event of a necessity, also the most important measure: imposing institutional care. Priority is always given to individual care before institutional care, either with another individual, guardian, or foster parent. The Act also defines exactly where it's possible to proceed to extreme measures and impose institutional care. Given the severity of this measure, this decision only appertains to courts. No other governmental or non-governmental institution has such authority. This paper is aimed at introducing institutional care and the protection of children in the Czech Republic, especially highlighting the fragmentation of institutional care. The fundamental part of this paper describes the process of imposing institutional care, and especially its implementation in individual institutional facilities, differentiated according to the children's age, their physical and mental abilities, and the reasons why institutional care was decided on. The priority should always be the child's interest and welfare. This work also highlights the shortcomings of institutional care, particularly the lack of cooperation between the socio-legal protection of children and institutional facilities, the limited cooperation between government departments, the lack of suitable family recovery, and the small number of social workers and judges in the field. Finally, I also mention the achievements that brought about the transformation of institutional care, particularly the conversion to small family type facilities, surrounded by a network of services for the families of allocated children, the children themselves, and also other families who find themselves in a difficult situation. Not all children can be placed in foster care, not all families can be recovered. Especially for some older children and those who have gone through a specific life experience (abuse, repeated return from foster families), an institutional facility is an environment where they feel more secure and where they can fulfill their need to belong in a group of peers. In my work, I also want to draw attention to the current system of child care for children and youth, which does not address the period following the departure of young people from institutional care, although the stage of becoming independent is the most important for their future life.
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Haagská úmluva o ochraně dětí a spolupráci při mezinárodní adopci: přínosy a slabiny
Šklebená, Karolína ; Zemanová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Trávníčková, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis focuses on the rights of the child in respect to the inter-country adoption. It aims to seek the notions of cultural relativism within those fundamental rights which are immediately applicable on the process of adoption. The thesis bases its theoretical framework on the current discourse on the universality of human rights. The theory of the three levels of cultural relativism is applied on the Hague Convention on Protection of Children and Co-operation in Respect of Inter-country Adoption to demonstrate the cultural relativism of the Convention itself.
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Participation in non-state non-profit organizations for children and youngsters
VELÍKOVÁ, Kateřina
The work deals with participation within non-state non-profit organizations for children and youngsters. It is focused on possibilities and usage of participation in two biggest civic associations in the Czech Republic ? Junák and Pionýr. In the first part of the thesis, the term participation is defined and the resources which it is based on and which it uses are explained. The basic division of participation is mentioned as well as the necessity of education of individuals towards everyday participation. Another part of the researched issues is non-profit sector and that is why the second part of the paper concerns the characteristic of non-state non-profit organizations and it outlines possible employment of participation in this area. The third part deals with possibilities and realization of participation in Junák and Pionýr. Based on the analysis of selected documents of both the organizations, the research itself concentrates on the phenomenon of participation in basic units of these organizations and their participation in the life of society. The findings are evaluated and mutually compared.
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Experiences of children with preparation for medical examination and intervention
HEJDUKOVÁ, Dana
The topic of my thesis is "Experiences of children with preparation for medical examination and intervention". Children are more sensitive and therefore more vulnerable, with respect to their age and development it is necessary to carefully consider what to tell them and how. Each child has the right for sufficient information given at the right time and the right way, taking into account its age and intellectual maturity. Adequate communication protects a child from stress and needless anxiety. The theoretical section of the thesis is divided into 3 parts. The first one deals with the child's right to information and also the game specialist profession. The second part focuses on the psychological preoperative preparation in general, communication specifics in dealing with children and on preparation at different periods of age. The third part is devoted to the physical preoperative preparation. The empirical section has two objectives. The first one is to see if in children's wards the child´s preparation before examination or medical intervention is performed and by whom. The second objective is to determine whether the preparation performed affects fear and anxiety experienced by the child prior to the examination or intervention. In the research section the qualitative research technique of non-standardized interview was used. The interview the individual, anonymous, was conducted with the consent of the child and its parents, sometimes with participation of the parents. The research survey was carried out between October 2009 and February 2010. The research sample consisted of 19 respondents (11 girls and 8 boys), children aged 5 to 17 years who underwent an examination or medical intervention in 5 hospitals of the Czech Republic. The outcomes of the research show that most respondents were preparing for the examination by their mothers or doctors in a medical facility, one third of respondents were not given any concern in this respect. The most frequently used form of the preparation was oral communication. The preparation carried out by the game specialist was the best appreciated by the children. The preparation decreased the respondents´ feeling of fear or anxiety. The findings and results of the survey may provide the medical facilities management with an incentive to improve the quality of nursing care provided in terms of children´s informedness as required by the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine and the Charter of the Rights of the Hospitalized Child.
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The Status of a Child in Systems of Social Security
KLÍMOVÁ, Pavla
Various aspects of a children's status in social security systems in the Czech Republic is still an area untreated in a complex and detailed way, while it is very important and necessary. The Czech Republic guarantees to individuals many specific rights and entitlements under its social security system in defined social situations. A child, that is to say a person until 18 years of age, is often an important beneficiary of the social security system, mainly because of their physical and mental immaturity. This prevents children to be fully individual and independent entities that would be able to deal with, for example, an unsatisfactory financial or social situation. Legislation governing children's status in social security systems is not uniform, but it is defined in many legal norms often also of varying legal force. The aim of this diploma paper was, based on an analysis, comparison and synthesis of existing legislation, to map the legal status of children in various social security systems, to create a comprehensive overview of rights, possibly also children{\crq}s obligations, in social security, and, on the basis of gathered data, to highlight the pros and cons of current legislation. To achieve the set objectives, a qualitative analysis of documents, the technique of content analysis of laws was used. Through work on the objectives an overview of children's rights in the social security system in the Czech Republic was created. This may contribute to greater clarity and consequently also enhancement of the legal certainty children as a population group that, due to their vulnerability, should enjoy increased protection. As far as the obligations of children in social security are concerned, no special ones, different from those set for adults, have been found. It has also been found that legislation in the children's status in social security is incomplete, inconsistent (as regards terminology as well) and little transparent. Remedy by amending the existing legislation, or by adopting an entirely new regulation, is desirable even though it is a long-term process. The resulting findings may serve as a primary comprehensive source of information for clients as well as for all those involved in the application of rights (privileges) of children in social security by virtue of their professions.
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