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Life cycle assessment of buildings
Mrkvičková, Kristýna ; Kočí, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hák, Tomáš (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on life cycle assessment of building construction. All impacts will be modeled on residential house in professional LCA software. Every single component of the building was evaluated with regard to their impact on enviroment. The output list each category of indicators and evaluation of the impact. It shows which environmental categories are most affected by building and where it would be useful to optimizme it. The family house presented by the typical new building was chosen for evaluation process. The product system was simulated by the GaBi 4 software tool, then it was evaluated using the impact categories of the CML 2001 - Nov. 09 characterization model. The theoretical part deals with the LCA methodology, explains the different stages and describes categories of impact. Furthermore, the global trends are discussed in terms of assessing the building lifecycle. At the end, the LCA study has shown that the biggest influence on the environment is caused by the service life of a product's lifecycle and water treatment contributes the most on this result.
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Effective evaluation of losses to buildings affected by flood
Tuscher, Martin ; Schneiderová-Heralová,, Renáta (referee) ; Kocanda,, Pavel (referee) ; Zeleňáková,, Martina (referee) ; Hanák, Tomáš (advisor)
This doctoral thesis deals with the valuation of damage to buildings affected by floods. In its individual parts, it researches floods as a risk, focuses on the damage caused by this natural phenomenon and examines the methods used to assess the damages caused by floods. With the beginnings of human settlement, the vicinity of rivers has been inhabited for the many befits that watercourses bring. However, there are many dangers associated with this, especially the ones associated with the spillage of riverbeds – with floods. This phenomenon causes considerable damage to property, the environment or human health and lives. There are many measures to eliminate the risk of flooding, or at least mitigate its effects. This work further researches the mitigating of impacts – it examines the methods of determining the amount of damage to buildings caused by floods, looks for factors and parameters influencing the amount of damage and focuses on streamlining these methods. The aim of the thesis is to find a suitable methodology/model that can automate the calculation of the amount of damage, or in other words, to find a quick and at the same time sufficiently accurate solution to this problem. The main output of the thesis is the equation of the damage curve and a model for the amount of damage calculation based on the principle of damage curves using the hybrid genetic algorithm. Another output is a practical tool that works on the basis of the said algorithm and automatically calculates the amount of damage to the building when entering very basic information about the damaged object.
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Acoustic emissions of buildings
Smažinka, Josef ; Uher, Pavel (referee) ; Rubinová, Olga (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with acoustics with the main focus on acoustic emissions of buildings. The first part of the thesis aims to familiarize the reader with the field of acoustics as a whole. They will learn the basic concepts, quantities and relations that exist in acoustics. In the second part I focus specifically on the sources of noise in buildings and their surroundings, how can excessive noise affect health, what standards must be met and how to prevent excessive noise. The last part is devoted to practical measurements in the field, which is focused on real sources of noise in the city of Brno. The aim of this measurement is to compare the noise generated by buildings with other noises in the urban environment.
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Acoustic emissions of buildings
Smažinka, Josef ; Uher, Pavel (referee) ; Rubinová, Olga (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with acoustics with the main focus on acoustic emissions of buildings. The first part of the thesis aims to familiarize the reader with the field of acoustics as a whole. They will learn the basic concepts, quantities and relations that exist in acoustics. In the second part I focus specifically on the sources of noise in buildings and their surroundings, how can excessive noise affect health, what standards must be met and how to prevent excessive noise. The last part is devoted to practical measurements in the field, which is focused on real sources of noise in the city of Brno. The aim of this measurement is to compare the noise generated by buildings with other noises in the urban environment.
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Use of current and historical geospatial data for 3d modeling of hradec králové in different time periods
Šrollerů, Alex ; Laštovička, Josef (advisor) ; Štych, Přemysl (referee)
Use of current and historical geospatial data for 3D modeling of Hradec Králové in different time periods Abstract This bachelor's thesis is mainly focused on historical and current geospatial data and the basics of three-dimensional city modeling. It provides an overview on basic methods, data and software suitable for 3D city modeling in different time periods and possibilities of 3D visualization. The practical part describes the process of creating a 3D model in different time periods, namely the cadastral area of Hradec Králové in the years 1840, 1912, 1952 and present. The model consists of terrain interpolated from ZABAGED contour lines and buildings extruded from vector footprints. Subsequent manual modeling took place in SketchUp CAD software. Historical large-scale maps, contemporary orthophoto and OSM are used for this task. The model is visualized using flyby animations, view scenes, interactive browser and presented on a self-created web page and StoryMap JS. Keywords: 3D model, SketchUp, buildings, DTM, historical data.
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Modern fungicides and mechanism of their action
Zaleš, František ; Gabriel, Jiří (advisor) ; Ptáček, Petr (referee)
Fungicides are compounds, which are able to kill a fungi (they are therefore fungicidal), or they are able to slow or stop growth of a fungi (they are therefore fungistatic). Some fungicides also have insecticidal properties and can offer dual protection. This bachelor thesis is mainly dealing with fungicides, which are used to protect wood and wooden constructions from wood decaying fungi. Part of this bachelor thesis is a brief overview of wood decaying fungi and also an insight into the history of fungicides, but the main goal of this thesis is to offer a survey of currently used fungicides for wood protection against wood decaying fungi and also describe the mechanism of their action. Keywords: fungi, fungicides, buildings, general threat, wood decay, mode of action
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Procedural City
Dolejška, Daniel ; Chlubna, Tomáš (referee) ; Milet, Tomáš (advisor)
The goal of this thesis is to implement configurable tool (program), which will be able to build a model of a city. The program uses OpenGL library and principles of procedural generation for model creation. The generation process itself has a number of customizable variables, which have direct impact on the visuals of the models, their complexity and size. Created models can be exported and further modified in almost any 3D graphics software.
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Slovak and Czech architecture of the 20th century 60: Comparison of selected buildings
Rusňáková, Lucia ; Czumalo, Vladimír (advisor) ; Šmied, Miroslav (referee)
Abstract The bachelor thesis deals with the determination of the basic common features and the differences between Slovak and Czech architecture of the 60s and 70s year of the 20th century. It is based on a comparison of four selected representative pairs of buildings, architectural monuments (Monument of Slovak National Uprising in Banska Bystrica and completion of the tower of the church of the Virgin Mary and St. Jeroným, Cyril and Metod, Vojtech and Prokop in Prague), crematoriums (Bratislava and Zlin), University campuses (Slovak University of Agriculture and the Czech technical University in Prague) and bridges in the urban environment (SNP bridge in Bratislava and Prague Nusle Bridge). The comparative analysis is preceded by the insight on the development of the Slovak and Czech architecture in the 20th century, focusing on the 1960s and the question whether in the joint Czechoslovak state existed two specific national schools. Comprehensive responds is given in the final chapter by summarizing the results of the comparison of selected buildings. The analysed buildings are graphically and photographically documented.
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LCA of NATM tunnel stamping method
Pokorná, Alice ; Kočí, Vladimír (advisor) ; Trecáková, Tatiana (referee)
The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the environmental impacts of NATM tunnelling method using the assembly of LCA studies. Construction sector still has large potential for advancement, and therefore is a subject of interest for also for LCA studies. Underground constructions applies more with growing demands for space in infrastructure. If sustainable growth in construction is desired, it's important to have an idea about the environmental impacts of this sector. Sustainable growth requires methods and tools for measurement and comparison of impacts of human activities on the environment. These tools are provided by LCA studies, which also allow a proactive approach. The advantage of LCA is a preview of the entire life cycle of the product, so there is no shifting of problems between the individual stages of the product's life cycle. LCA study of cradle-to-gate type was selected to evaluate New Austrian tunnelling method. LCA study was done for one tunnel, length 850m with cross-section surface of 13,46m2 excavated by the NATM method, realized over the course of 18 months. GaBi 6 software tool was used for making of this study. Results show that the most important emission sources of NATM tunnelling method are production of cement, dumping of excavated material, production of reinforcing steel...
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