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Problems of healthcare-associated infection in selected nursing activities
KRAUSE, Martin
The diploma thesis deals with problems of healthcare-associated infection in selected nursing activities. The thesis is a theoretical one; it has been processed by means of review and synthesis. In this thesis, four objectives were set, namely to create a comprehensive overview of the problems of healthcare-associated infection in selected nursing activities. Other objectives were to map and analyze clinically relevant sites of transmission and possibilities of prevention of healthcare-associated infection in selected nursing activities and to propose recommendations for the prevention of these infections. The thesis is divided into several chapters that deal with the characteristics of healthcare-associated infection, focusing on the causative agents, formation, spreading and prevention. It also deals with particular nursing activities. The first chosen activity was the care of medical devices intended for repeated use, with a particular focus on the implementation of their disinfection. Secondly, hand sanitation as a basic factor affecting the transmission of healthcare-associated infection activity was selected. This chapter deals primarily with the hygienic hand disinfection, its indications, methods and implementation of disinfection products. It also deals with strategies for improving hand hygiene and glove use in providing nursing care. As the third nursing activity, aseptic techniques, which are an essential part in providing nursing care, were chosen. The thesis describes three specific clinical nursing procedures: aseptic collection of venous blood from a peripheral vein, preparation and administration of a drug into an existing peripheral venous catheter, and uncomplicated (aseptic) wounds dressing. Processing of the thesis was based on a range of relevant sources from the Czech Republic but also from abroad. It also contains various recommendations of national and international institutions. The thesis can serve as a basis for more effective prevention of healthcare-associated infection in certain areas.
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The use of the reactor with sludge cloud and external biomass separator for methane production from the substrate for Biogast Plant
ŽIVNÝ, Jakub
The aim of the study was to compere the reactor with sludge cloud and external separator biomass in different modes. This typ of reactor is principally used in wastewater treatment and in this work was designed for production of biogas from biosmass, commonly used in agricultural biogas plants. The reactor assembly was prepared in the laboratory of the available glass flasks, connected by rubber tubing and mixing pump. The entire device was immersed in a water bath heated thermostat. For the purpose of this work was used samples from biogas Týnec near Dobrovice at Mladoboleslavko. The reaktor was injectable liquid portion, formed after adjusment method IFBB (Integrated Generation of Solid Fuel and Biogas from Biomass). The principle of this method consists in separating the liquid and solid components of biomass. Operation of the reactor was carried out in three stirring models: without stirring, medium stirring, intensive stirring. Further, the operation was compared at 40°C and 53 °C in a mode without stirring. This monitoring is carried abut for five hours. The specimens was taken every hour and after drying to COD (determine chemical oxygen demand), which expresses the degree of degradation of organic matter. The results show that the laboratory devie model stirring does not show. However, the temperature change from 40°C to 53°C showed an increased degradation of organic matter.
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ln the tension of contrasts - the reception of G.K. Chesterton in the Czech culture between WW1 and WW2
Lukavec, Jan ; Vojvodík, Josef (advisor) ; Med, Jaroslav (referee) ; Wiendl, Jan (referee)
I distinguished several contradictory aspects of Chesterton o s work: polysemiotics - ideological monosemiotics, movement to negation of reality and order - movement to affirmation of reality and order. Different interpretations emphasized unilateraly m relation to different horizons of expectation individua! aspects of Chesterton o s work. Chesterton's reception in Czechoslovakia was very heterogeneous. "The Pragmatic Generation" (Karel Čapek, Ferdinand Peroutka, Miroslav Rutte) read Chesterton in the pragmatic context (Chesterton was praisefully quoted by William James, but abroad he was not taken for pragmatist, neither by himself). Through influence of these authors was the interpretation of Chesterton as pragmatist quite expanded by us (Arne Novák). Peroutka looked for basis for his liberalism by Chesterton (Chesterton was more conservative, and they both had sympathies to socialism), and Catholic Chesterton was one of his most cited authors, on the other hand Peroutka fought against the Catholic Church and Chesterton's religious attitudes Peroutka left out. His reception was very selective and it is a good example of creative misreading. Rutte estimated Chesterton as a founder of pragmatic aesthetics. Čapek was inspired with both political and fictitious work of Chesterton. Chesterton was for all of...
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ln the tension of contrasts - the reception of G.K. Chesterton in the Czech culture between WW1 and WW2
Lukavec, Jan ; Vojvodík, Josef (advisor) ; Med, Jaroslav (referee) ; Wiendl, Jan (referee)
I distinguished several contradictory aspects of Chesterton o s work: polysemiotics - ideological monosemiotics, movement to negation of reality and order - movement to affirmation of reality and order. Different interpretations emphasized unilateraly m relation to different horizons of expectation individua! aspects of Chesterton o s work. Chesterton's reception in Czechoslovakia was very heterogeneous. "The Pragmatic Generation" (Karel Čapek, Ferdinand Peroutka, Miroslav Rutte) read Chesterton in the pragmatic context (Chesterton was praisefully quoted by William James, but abroad he was not taken for pragmatist, neither by himself). Through influence of these authors was the interpretation of Chesterton as pragmatist quite expanded by us (Arne Novák). Peroutka looked for basis for his liberalism by Chesterton (Chesterton was more conservative, and they both had sympathies to socialism), and Catholic Chesterton was one of his most cited authors, on the other hand Peroutka fought against the Catholic Church and Chesterton's religious attitudes Peroutka left out. His reception was very selective and it is a good example of creative misreading. Rutte estimated Chesterton as a founder of pragmatic aesthetics. Čapek was inspired with both political and fictitious work of Chesterton. Chesterton was for all of...
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"The victim of one's victim" The process of victimization in William Faulkner's The sound and the fury
Novotná, Ema ; Nováková, Soňa (referee) ; Ulmanová, Hana (advisor)
William Faulkner's The Sound and the Fury was written eighty years ago but is still considered a unique and a remarkable novel. It was published in the "annus mirabilis" (Andrews 251), i.e. the miraculous year of 1929, which introduced literary works of authors who changed the world of literature substantially. Ernest Miller Hemingway's war novel A Farewell to Arms influenced other representatives of one literary generation, i.e. the Lost Generation just as Virginia Woolf's A Room of One's Own and Faulkner's essential novel participated in the genesis of a literary movement: Modernism, or American Modernism, respectively. The difficult structure of Faulkner's The Sound and the Fury did not wait for first interpretations - it was discussed and analyzed the moment it reached the hands of critics, university professors and students. Scholars examined the peculiar specifics of Faulkner's style of writing as well as the tangled web of his meticulously constructed characters and his precisely arranged passages and chapters. Various aspects: his use of madness and sanity, his unique concept of time organized according to psychological rather than linear time, a stream of consciousness narrative, warped heroes, "disruptive female characters" (Roberts, XI) - all seen from the perspective of Faulkner's fictitious...
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The Jezuit college in Klatovy as an example of a Jezuit school in Bohemia in the baroque period
Kolářová, Zdeňka ; Ryšková, Mireia (advisor) ; Armbruster, Ludvík (referee)
My thesis depicts the college of The Company of Jesus in Klatovy during barocco and lays the emphasis on education activity of this order. First Chapter describes the most important moments of Saint Ignatius y Loyola, the founder of the order and it also gives notice about the first years of order 's existence. The second Chapter comprises the brief commentary on the works of Saint Ingnatius - "Spiritual Exercises" ( Chapter 4.1.) and "Constitutions" (Chapter 4.2.). At the same time this chapter clarifies the spiritual principles and illustrates in detail the principal field of order's activity ( from Chapter 4.3. to Chapter 4.7.). The third Chapter attends to descibe the first part of main thema - Jesuit pedagogy (Chapter 5). This finally work carries on brief description of the situation in Bohemia and in the region of Klatovy after the arrival of Jesuits to Klatovy (Chapter 6). The activity of Jesuits in Klatovy can serve as a visual example of the order's influence on the development of certain towns in Bohemia and Moravia. The last chapter briefly features the history of college and important persons who worked there as Albert Chanovský (Chapter 7.2.) and Bohuslav Balbín (7.5.). In the attachments you can also find the photographs of described places and images. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Sperm acrosomal reactien in selected species of mammals
Frolíková, Michaela ; Stopka, Pavel (advisor) ; Jonáková, Věra (referee) ; Petr, Jaroslav (referee)
Mammalian sperm must undergo the process of capacitation - series of physiological and biochemical modifications prior fertilization. In last stage of capacitation sperm undergoes acrosome reaction (AR). During AR the cell membrane of the sperm fuses with the outer acrosomal membrane and the contents of acrosomal vesicle are released into extracellular space. Sperm which did not undergo AR or sperm missing acrosome at all are unable to fertilize. AR results into dramatical changes in the sperm head. Most of the proteins present in plasmatic and outer acrosomal membrane are reorganized or lost. There are also significant changes in cytoskeletal and intraacrosomal proteins are released to extracellular space uncovering new surface domains. Some sperms undergo AR even without presence of inductor of AR during capacitation in vitro. This event is called spontaneous (accelerated) AR. The latest research indicates that spontaneous AR is natural part of the process of fertilization. Field mice (Apodemus) show high level of promiscuity leading to significant risk of sperm competition. Unique reproduction strategy where the sperms form so-called sperm trains was evolved in field mice. Spontaneous AR is probably enabling the dissociation of sperms from the sperm train. The spontaneous AR rate is dependent on...
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Purpose of epicentrum agency and marketpace for a new agency after its closure
Kohout, Jan ; Trunečková, Ludmila (advisor) ; Osvaldová, Barbora (referee)
This thesis recapitulates activities of Epicentrum agency which was reporting from the crisis places in the world and due to its termination of activities it attempts to define the meaning of Epicentrum. There is no doubt that Epicentrum was unique, but the important thing is to understand the causes and circumstances of its establishment and actions and to describe the way Epicentrum worked, including the both positive and negative aspects. Since the days of Epicentrum the world of media has changed fundametally (although it has not been that long). There is the phenomenon of media internetisation which the traditional media do not know how to deal with. Consequences of digitization have meant significant changes in journalists' work and the theme of this thesis is how could similar agency operate in these days. Today the proccess of producing the reports from the field is faster and cheaper which is advantage, on the other hand it is much easier to gather the large amount information for free these days and it is hard to convince media to buy it from such an agency. Therefore the integral part of this work is also a reflection on the value of on-the-spot reporting and its subsequent application possibilities on the market.
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Determinanty přímých čínských investic do zemí střední a východní Evropy
Belvončíková, Barbora ; Janíčko, Martin (advisor) ; Rod, Aleš (referee)
Chinese outward direct investment is surging and is unique in the sense that its development is much faster than of any other developing country. This thesis investigates the determinants of Chinese outward direct investment (ODI) in eight countries of Central and Eastern Europe throughout the years 2003-2014. Using panel data analysis, the regression model incorporates both traditional macroeconomic variables as well as institutional variables, testing thereby what are Chinese ODI driven by in those post-communist countries. The quality of institutional framework is represented by EBRD indicators, which seem to be more suitable for transition economies. Findings suggest that Chinese MNEs do not access Central and Eastern European countries primarily for market-seeking reasons, however the fact of being a member of the EU boosts Chinese ODI, since entering a member state market grants at the same time access to the whole EU common market and this fact is decisive for China. Also, R&D capacities play an important role in attracting Chinese ODI. On the other hand, Chinese ODI seem not to be associated with a good institutional environment of a host country, only large-scale privatization index is found significant and positively correlated with Chinese ODI inflow. Therefore, the findings of this thesis lead to the conclusion that macroeconomic factors are still more influential than the institutional ones when studying Chinese outward direct investment in Central and Eastern Europe.
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The impact of realization investment on company management
Dlouhá, Lucie ; Kozáková, Petra (advisor) ; Pevná, Jana (referee)
The subject of the thesis is evaluation of a biogas station activity and its impact on the entire economy. The theoretical part describes the basics of biogas station functioning and legislation to construct and operate biogas station. Then it focuses on investment theory where basic methods of evaluation of economy efficiency and chosen ratio indexes of financial analysis for company´s evaluation are summerized. In practical part, the methods analyzed in the theoretical part are employed for specific details found in AGROSPOL STARÝ PELHŘIMOV Inc. The outcome of the thesis is a complex summary of impacts of a biogas station construction. Key words: biogas plant, company´s economy, economic efficiency of investment.
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