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Transformation of the KSČ/M since 1989
Roleček, Hynek ; Bureš, Jan (advisor) ; Buben, Radek (referee)
Transformation and Splitting of the KSČ/M since 1989 The process of transformation of the Czechoslovak Communist Party (KSČ) and its successor the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia (KSČM) since November 1989 is a unique example of incomplete transformation of the communist party into the non- communist party. The core of this process was the development of the KSČ and the KSČM in 1989-1996. The party following a change in the political system saves in the first free elections in 1990. The party searches possibilities of changes, which culminates into internal referendum in 1991- 1992, when the majority decides to keep the original labelling. The decisive point of the whole process is Congress in Prostějov in June 1993 when the winning faction prevents the radical change and preserves the party. Despite the strong party splitting, which creates a lot of non-communist parties, the KSČM may rely on the solid core of voters in the elections of 1996. It is a signal for the party that the trend starting by KSČM consolidates positions, even offers other options for strengthening. I study the consequences of the transformation of the KSČ/M in my work from several perspectives. We can read an effort for transformation into the party of the democratic type, democratic centralism was rejected. KSČM crystallizes...
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Political aspects of local government – elections and voting behaviour of inhabitants of municipalities of Blovice city
Jan, Jaroslav ; Kopřiva, Radek (advisor)
Despite the transformation of party systems both at the national and sub-national political decision-making levels of politics, the hallmark of local political life of the municipality of Blovice city is a relative stability of the local party system. This fact is the basis of the Master thesis which aims to assess the nature of the electoral behavior of the local electorate in the elections to the municipal council with the ambition to evaluate the utility of the theory that is based on locally contextual interpretation. Partial objectives of the thesis that contribute to the main goal are the following: a description of the results of elections that are decisive for a development of the party system of Blovice city, a description of variables that underlie the permanent electoral support for the Civic Democratic Party (ODS) and the characteristics of electoral behavior of the local electorate. Thesis will be designed as a case study. A research will be based on voting decisions of electorate of Blovice city. The objects of the research will be the voters who participate in the elections to the municipal council and representatives of local politics and territorial autonomy. Value attitudes and voting behavior of voters will be assessed on the basis of data obtained by questionnaire. Electoral support of parties will be evaluated on the basis of data from unstructured interviews with local politicians (especially those from the party ODS). A local political life and in particular the election results will be described thanks to data published by the Czech Statistical Office (available on www.volby.cz).
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Political aspects of local government – elections and voting behaviour of inhabitants of municipalities of Blovice city
Jan, Jaroslav ; Kopřiva, Radek (advisor)
Despite the transformation of party systems both at the national and sub-national political decision-making levels of politics, the hallmark of local political life of the municipality of Blovice city is a relative stability of the local party system. This fact is the basis of the Master thesis which aims to assess the nature of the electoral behavior of the local electorate in the elections to the municipal council with the ambition to evaluate the utility of the theory that is based on locally contextual interpretation. Partial objectives of the thesis that contribute to the main goal are the following: a description of the results of elections that are decisive for a development of the party system of Blovice city, a description of variables that underlie the permanent electoral support for the Civic Democratic Party (ODS) and the characteristics of electoral behavior of the local electorate. Thesis will be designed as a case study. A research will be based on voting decisions of electorate of Blovice city. The objects of the research will be the voters who participate in the elections to the municipal council and representatives of local politics and territorial autonomy. Value attitudes and voting behavior of voters will be assessed on the basis of data obtained by questionnaire. Electoral support of parties will be evaluated on the basis of data from unstructured interviews with local politicians (especially those from the party ODS). A local political life and in particular the election results will be described thanks to data published by the Czech Statistical Office (available on www.volby.cz).
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Unemployment in Terms of Choice of Political Parties
Hromádko, Martin ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (referee)
The thesis deals with the relationship between unemployment and the electoral results of the political parties in the Czech Republic. For this purpose data on election results for individual political parties and available economic and demographic data from the electoral districts of the Czech Republic from 1996 -- 2010 are analyzed. Data are analyzed by using a linear regression model, which is estimated using ordinary least squares method. The results confirm the apparent relationship between electoral results and the unemployment rate in the districts, which significantly increases the electoral support of the left-wing parties and hurts right-wing. The thesis also found some support for the theory of economic voting and there is evidence that an increase in unemployment in the short term of one year before the election reduces support for incumbent parties. This dependence, however, is clearly demonstrated only in the case of left-wing government and not as obvious in the case of right-wing government.
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Brazilian Left at the beginning of the 21st Century. From Political Alternative to Cartel of Power?
Němec, Jan ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Opatrný, Josef (referee) ; Kouba, Karel (referee) ; Fiala, Vlastimil (referee)
The thesis deals with the transformation of the Brazilian Workers' Party (Partido dos Trabalhadores, PT). Its aim is to identify reasons for more than a decade interval between the renewal of direct presidential election under the universal suffrage and the victory of the left in a society that is marked by extreme inequality of wealth distribution. The second issue which is covered is how the party managed to consolidate power and keep it for three consecutive terms. Using modified concepts of mass, catch-all and cartel party the author tests the hypothesis that the electoral victory of the left was conditioned by the domination of the leftist side of political spectrum by the PT, as a result of building a mass (program-oriented) party, which subsequently tailored its campaign to focus on centrist voters (shift to the catch-all format, or votes-oriented party). The maintenance of power is based on crafting oversized coalitions with parties across the political spectrum, i.e. including the right-wing parties. However, these coalitions are created only to support government; the Workers' Party never forms electoral coalitions with prominent rightest parties. Furthermore, the thesis discusses the functioning of the so-called coalitional presidentialism, the typologies of current leftist governments in Latin America and also presents the basic elements of the Brazilian political system.
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Analysis the impact of various factors on the election of left-wing political parties
Kuchařová, Eva ; Hudík, Marek (advisor) ; Mičúch, Marek (referee)
My bachelor thesis analyzes the impact of various factors on the election of left-wing political parties. Data from elections to the Chamber of Deputies for years 2002, 2006 and 2010 have been used. Dependent variable was election gains (percentage of votes) of left- wing political parties (KSČM, ČSSD). Chosen explanatory variables were as follows: unemployment, higher education, age, wage, activity rate, number of applicants per job and abstention. First, correlations between the variables were examined and with uncorrelated variable linear regressions were done. All uncorrelated variables were then used into the model and backward elimination was applied. Results demonstrated positive dependence of unemployment and negative dependence of higher education on election of left-wing parties in 2002 and 2006. In 2010 a positive dependence of abstention and negative dependence of activity rate on election of left-wing parties was demonstrated.
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Left shift in present Latin America
Hájek, Ondřej ; Kochan, Jan (advisor) ; Jeníčková, Martina (referee)
There is a term, the left shift, as a result of election year 2006 in Latin America. Furthermore, Media supported shortly this theory by publishing several articles about restrictions of democracy in some of the countries with new government. The aim of this thesis is to chart the current situation in most of the countries and then to analyze the contemporary political situation in entire Latin America with close-up look at possible restrictions of democracy and civil rights and freedoms. The key question preserves, if this is a whole region tendency or just a matter of few countries.
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Review Levá Fronta in Historical and Cultural Crosscurrents at the Beginning of 30th Years of 20th Century
KŘÍŽOVÁ, Adéla
My bachelor thesis deals with the thorough analysis of all volumes of the magazine called Levá fronta published between 1930 ? 1931 and also comparison of each other. In the theoretical part the research is focused in more detail on the period 30th of the 20th century and the birth of the organization Levá fronta. Next I investigate in detail appereance and disappereance of the magazine, its structure, major contributors and main themes adressed by the magazine. In the interprettaive part is devoted to description of the transformation of the magazine over the years on each specific case.
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Left shift in LA and its cultural and historical context - the example of Bolivia
Novák, Ondřej ; Kochan, Jan (advisor) ; Jeníčková, Martina (referee)
During the period of 2005/2006 Latin America found itself in a situation historically unprecedented. Presidential election was held in twelve Latin American states as well as parliamentary elections in most of them. The left-wind parties and candidates won in most of the states. This result forces us to think about it. The subject and the goal of this bachelor thesis is hence the analysis of some factors which could have contributed to this left shift. The thesis is focused predominantly on the past and tries to elaborate historical and cultural aspects of factors concerned and put them in context with current development in Latin America. Although it deals primarily with the representative example of Bolivia, it equally relates the factors analysed to the region as a whole. This is in accordance with the division of factors in internal and external with the focus on internal factors. The policy of current bolivian government with president Evo Morales is described briefly as well because it reflects to some extent the historic and cultural facts under examination.
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Vzestup náboženství v mezinárodních vztazích (Religion's Rise in IR)
Dravecký, Pavol ; Kratochvíl, Petr (advisor) ; Minárik, Pavol (referee)
This work attempts to identify the sources of the difference between the Christian Left and Right; How is it possible that people who share such a detailed creed can be so strictly opposed when it comes to politics? My hypothesis is that the conflict is engendered by different conceptions of will and the body. To test this hypothesis, I first present a brief history of the relationship between Christianity and politics up to the present state of the Christian versions of Right and Left, to finally find that while their understanding of human will is virtually identical, the human body is seen in opposing terms. Nevertheless, I equally conclude that the division between Right and Left is inaccurate, because both strive for the same - to prevent the monopolization of power by either the State or the Market.
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