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Is it possible to demonstrate selection in science teaching? Simulation of natural selection in a model organism.
MARVANOVÁ, Aneta
This thesis examines the effect of natural selection on the rate of development of Microvelia reticulata. Natural selection is an integral part of evolutionary biology. The main task was to determine whether the selection of the developmental rate reflected in the change of development. Selected individuals were reared in the same conditions from egg to imago in a total of three replications in a strain selected for rapid development, slow development and unmanipulated control. There was distinct increase in developmental rate between initial and first selected generation all replications of control strain, followed by slight decrease in all succeeding generations. Similar pattern was present in the strains selected for slow development. A comparably distinct increase in developmental rate appeared also in the strains selected for the fast development, but it was not followed by succeeding slowdown, or the slowdown of the developmental rate was not as remarkable as in other strains. According to not too convincing results and remarkable time and space demands of this research, it is unreal to run similar long-term experiment in school conditions. Research was supported by project of the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic no. P505/10/0096.
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Elevator scheduling algorithms
Hlísta, Peter ; Cibulka, Josef (advisor) ; Lidický, Bernard (referee)
This thesis compares various systems of elevator solutions in high-rise buildings using computer simulation. These systems are compared according to the various criteria. The basic criterion is the average waiting time for the elevator. The other criteria are the costs of the transport and the longest waiting time. The algorithms for the management of the various types of elevators are tested on the larger group of people than in the most of the available literature that examine the improvements mostly on two or three persons. The results show that it is meaningful to consider all algorithms because each of them has its advantages and disadvantages.
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A classic experiment and computer simulation in physics teaching
PELC, Vít
The thesis discusses the use of the classical experiment and computer simulation in teaching physics at the elementary school. Paper defines the term experiment focuses on specific types of classic experiment and computer simulation options. A classic experiment and computer simulation in the research section gives associated with motivation for learning in physics classes. In the didactic analysis in teaching physics at inclusion classical experiment and computer simulation evaluates the effectiveness of the selected type of experiment.
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Laboratory astrochemistry and applications of computer simulations
Roučka, Štěpán ; Hrach, Rudolf (advisor) ; Bonaventura, Zdeněk (referee) ; Novák, Stanislav (referee)
This work is focused on laboratory studies of ion chemistry at conditions relevant for astrophysics. The three main outcomes of the thesis are: (1) The experimental study of the reaction rate coefficient of the associative detachment reaction H- + H -> H2 + e-; measurement of the thermal rate coefficient at the temperatures in the range 10-135 K is described. (2) The design of a novel apparatus for detecting the electrons produced in the RF trap and measuring their energy; numerical simulations and preliminary experimental results are presented. (3) The development of a model of the electron cooling in the afterglow plasma and the application of the model in the analysis of the H3+ recombination measurements.
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Analysis of runoff in selected urban watershed
Kučera, Vít ; Máca, Petr (advisor) ; Petr, Petr (referee)
The work deals with schematization area with sewage networks in the Rainfalls-runoff model urbanized watershed modeling and changes in the Manning roughness coefficient of the pipe to the main sewer, which drains most of the wastewater. The comparison was made on two schematization basin Bohnice collector the main sewer F in the city. Prague. For the simulation program was used Mike URBAN DHI Inc.
The main variable was observed outflow hydrograph on the selected sealing profile watershed and its development depending on schematization and change the Manning roughness coefficient.
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System approach and simulation of business processes in the chosen restaurant
Taraskina, Anastasiya ; Krejčí, Igor (advisor) ; Horáková, Tereza (referee)
The bachelor thesis is concentrating on application of system dynamics in the real restaurant, to be more specific on ordering system of vegetables to minimize its throwing out. In theoretic part there is mentioned the history of system dynamics, its many applications in the world and in the Czech Republic. Next there are explained important terms that are connected to system dynamics. There is mentioned the relation between system dynamics and system thinking. Also there are tools used to describe structure of the system and the most recent system's archetypes. The practical part describes the restaurant and there are set goals that the model is trying to achieve. There are described two diagrams, one is causal loop diagram and the other is stock and flow diagram. Thanks to these diagrams it was possible to receive optimization for needed data and to achieve set goals.
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Sparse robust portfolio optimization via NLP regularizations
Branda, Martin ; Červinka, Michal ; Schwartz, A.
We deal with investment problems where we minimize a risk measure\nunder a condition on the sparsity of the portfolio. Various risk measures\nare considered including Value-at-Risk and Conditional Value-at-Risk\nunder normal distribution of returns and their robust counterparts are\nderived under moment conditions, all leading to nonconvex objective\nfunctions. We propose four solution approaches: a mixed-integer formulation,\na relaxation of an alternative mixed-integer reformulation and\ntwo NLP regularizations. In a numerical study, we compare their computational\nperformance on a large number of simulated instances taken\nfrom the literature.
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Komparace přílivu přímých zahraničních investic do ČR před a po vstupu do EU
Bošela, Michal ; Bicanová, Radka (advisor) ; Steinmetzová, Dana (referee)
Cílem práce je zhodnotit vliv vstupu České republiky do Evropské unie na příliv přímých zahraničních investic.Práce je rozdělena na dvě části.Teoretická část je zaměřena na teoretické a metodologické hledisko PZI,je zde vymezení základních pojmů,formy,determinanty PZI,zachycení v platební bilanci a nakonec pozitivní a negativní efekty s nimi spojené.Druhá část obsahuje analýzu přílivu PZI do ČR ve dvou různých obdobích,před a po vstupu do EU.V souvislosti s tím je zde nastíněn systém investičních pobídek, specifikum českých podmínek pro investory a na závěr dvě kapitoly pohlížející na toky PZI z hlediska odvětvové a teritoriální struktury.
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Distribution of the turbulent kinetic dissipation rate in an agitated vessel
Kysela, Bohuš ; Sulc, R. ; Konfršt, Jiří ; Chára, Zdeněk ; Fořt, I. ; Ditl, P.
The design of the agitated tanks depends on the proposed operating conditions and processes\nfor that they are used for. Namely dissipation rate of the turbulent kinetic energy is important\nparameter for the scale-up modelling. The dissipation rate is commonly determined as integral\nvalue based on power input of the impeller, but without information about distribution inside\nthe agitated volume. The cumulative distributions of the dissipation rate within an agitated\nvessel are estimated by evaluations of the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) results,\nwhere the data was obtained from RANS (Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations) and\nLES (Large Eddy Simulations). The simulations were performed for an agitated vessel\nequipped with four baffles and stirred by a standard Rushton turbine (tank diameter 0.3 m,\nimpeller diameter 0.1 m, off-bottom clearance half of tank diameter, impeller speed 200 rpm).\nThe values of the dissipation rate from the LES calculations were approximated by computing\nthe SGS (Sub Grid Scale) dissipation rate.
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Risk analysis of the company Prestar's business plan
Bartoň, Daniel ; Špička, Jindřich (advisor) ; Vacík, Emil (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to compile a strategic business plan of the company Prestar and to identify and evaluate corresponding risks. A substantial part of the turnover is generated by business activities in Russia which recently exhibits unstable development. Strategic analysis is conducted based on the findings, key risk factors are identified and an estimate of the enterprise value based on discounted cash flow is calculated. Finally the influence of the identified risk factors on the enterprise value is simulated using the Monte Carlo method. The key risk factors include wage growth rate, development of sales generated in Russia and the exchange rate.
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